Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics最新文献

{"title":"Typhoon damage assessment of power transportation networks using bias-corrected typhoon wind field with dense wind measurements","authors":"Ya'nan Tang ,&nbsp;Jian Yang ,&nbsp;Zhongdong Duan ,&nbsp;Jinping Ou ,&nbsp;Feng Xu ,&nbsp;Guirong Yan ,&nbsp;Ming Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective preparedness and prompt restoration efforts are crucial to minimize losses in typhoon-prone areas. Achieving this necessitates reliable estimates of structural damage before typhoons make landfall. This paper develops a damage assessment framework for estimating structural damage in power transportation networks. Within this framework, a typhoon wind field model, a reliability-based fragility model, and a procedure to estimate the damaged number of towers or poles are integrated. A key feature of the framework is a proposed scale factor to correct the inherent bias in the wind field model, with its stochastic nature characterized by probabilistic models based on dense typhoon wind observations. The proposed scale factor is then incorporated into the fragility model to address the variability of the fragility model. The developed framework is applied to assess the damage to concrete poles in the 10 kV distribution networks of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China during three typhoon events. For these events, the predicted number of failed poles has a relative mean error of less than 20% compared to actual values, highlighting the effectiveness of the scale factor in improving wind field model accuracy. The variability in the predicted number of failures is also quantified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105959"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the proper orthogonal decomposition suitable to validate simulation of turbulent wake?","authors":"Tomáš Hlavatý ,&nbsp;Martin Isoz ,&nbsp;Marek Belda ,&nbsp;Václav Uruba ,&nbsp;Pavel Procházka","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105953","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105953","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To evaluate the suitability of the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) for validating a simulated flow dynamics, we selected the flow in the wake behind a circular cylinder at Reynolds number of <span><math><mrow><mo>≈</mo><mn>5000</mn></mrow></math></span> as a well studied canonical problem. The flow was simulated via <span><math><mi>k</mi></math></span>-<span><math><mi>ω</mi></math></span> _SST detached-eddy simulation (DES) and, on selected planes of measurement (PoM), investigated experimentally by a time-resolved variant of the particle image velocimetry (PIV) and stereo-PIV methods. A standard model validation comprising, among other, comparison of the drag coefficient, or separation angle, and of the averaged flow properties and turbulence spectra, was carried out. Subsequently, both the PIV and the numerical data on the selected planes in the geometry were analyzed by POD, and a fully 3D POD analysis of the numerical data was used to evaluate the credibility of the planar POD as a tool for dynamic model validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 105953"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A predictive large-eddy simulation framework for the analysis of wind loads on a realistic low-rise building geometry","authors":"Themistoklis Vargiemezis,&nbsp;Catherine Gorlé","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accuracy of large-eddy simulations (LESs) for predicting wind-induced pressure loads remains an important topic of inquiry. This paper aims to advance this topic by validating an LES workflow for predicting wind pressures on a realistic low-rise building model exposed to a suburban neutral surface layer. We compare two wind tunnel data sets and LES predictions, obtained using a two-step workflow. First, we ensure that an accurate representation of the surface layer wind flow is obtained at the building location. Next, we assess the resulting wind loads on the building model. Using this workflow, we demonstrate consistent agreement between LES predictions and wind tunnel tests, where the discrepancies between the LES and wind tunnel results mimic the discrepancies between the two wind tunnel tests. This finding underscores that the pressure signals in certain locations are sensitive to inevitable, small differences in the approach flow. LES-based flow visualization uncovered that the most negative pressure peaks, which occur on the building roof, arise from hairpin-like vortices that are lifted from the separation region near the upstream roof edge. The results shed light on the complex dynamics of wind-induced pressure loads and contribute to quantifying the reliability of LES for wind load estimation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105950"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new concept reduced scale aeroelastic model of the four-cable suspension bridge with truss girder and its validation","authors":"Yizhe Lan ,&nbsp;Yongxin Yang ,&nbsp;Jinjie Zhang ,&nbsp;Yaojun Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accuracy of the aeroelastic model or truss girders has consistently been a decisive factor influencing the results of full-bridge aeroelastic wind tunnel tests. A novel design approach, termed the Multi-Spine Frame System, is introduced for the reduced-scale model of the stiffening girder. This system incorporates multiple spines, thinner beams and columns to minimize aerodynamic interference while accurately simulating overall stiffness, mass, and constraints. The design procedure is formulated as an optimization problem with the objective of optimizing the low-order natural frequencies (lateral bending, vertical bending, and torsion) of the aeroelastic model. Pattern search method and penalty functions are employed to identify a locally optimal solution that satisfies engineering applications for this optimization problem. This design method is applied to an actual project involving a four-cable suspension bridge with a truss girder, and the test results demonstrate the accuracy of this approach in simulating the dynamic characteristics of the aeroelastic model. Corresponding wind tunnel tests on flutter instability, as well as numerical multi-modal flutter analysis, are conducted to analyze the critical flutter speed, vibration shapes, and frequencies of this bridge. Furthermore, the impact of deviation in structural mode shapes and natural frequencies on flutter instability is investigated using ten design schemes achieved by altering boundary conditions, mass distributions, and stiffness distributions, were examined. Significant differences in critical flutter speed (up to 9%) are observed due to deviations in mode shapes, emphasizing the necessity of considering modal frequencies and other modal information, such as mode shapes, in aeroelastic model design. This approach contributes to the advancement of aeroelastic model design for bridges with truss girders by introducing an effective system and an optimization method, providing a basis for future studies on wind instability and structural dynamics and also underscores the importance of accurate mode shape representation in flutter analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 105958"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on the aerodynamic force and vibration of a scratched stay cable perpendicular to the wind","authors":"Zhenhua Chen ,&nbsp;Yifei Sun ,&nbsp;Qingkuan Liu ,&nbsp;Leijie Zhang ,&nbsp;Yunfei Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The wind load and wind-induced vibration of stay cables, as the primary load-bearing component in cable-stayed bridges, are highly important. Inevitably, cables experience scratches during production, transportation, and installation. Scratches may have an important effect on a cable's aerodynamic force and wind-induced vibration. Consequently, three sectional cable models with varying scratches were prepared for wind tunnel tests. The incoming wind was perpendicular to the cable model. The aerodynamic and vibration responses in precritical, critical Reynolds number regions were investigated. The results showed that scratched cables exhibit Reynolds number effects similar to those of smooth cables. Within attack angles ranging from 50° to 85°, scratching significantly reduced the corresponding Reynolds numbers of the TrBL0-1 and TrBL1-2 transitions. This caused the scratched cable to vibrate substantially at a lower Reynolds number (wind speed) than the smooth cable. There is a smaller attack angle range between 50° and 90° in which scratches cause the average lift coefficient to climb slowly with the Reynolds number, without a bistable phenomenon. This implies that there is no significant vibration. The critical Reynolds number effect effectively predicts the vibration of the scratched cable, and the complex flow in the critical Reynolds number region limits the accuracy of the Den Hartog criterion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 105957"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation and experimental study of the effects of retaining block structures on wavefront steepening in rail tunnels","authors":"Feng Liu ,&nbsp;Mengjie Wei ,&nbsp;Haibo Yang ,&nbsp;Wenzhe Yang ,&nbsp;Dawei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The entry of a high-speed train into a tunnel triggers severe micro pressure wave (MPW), posing a major obstacle to the fast and environmentally friendly operation of trains. The installation of a retaining block structure in the tunnel can alter the propagation process of the compression waves, thereby mitigating the effects of MPWs. In this research, a two-dimensional-axisymmetric retaining block is taken as the research object. Based on CFD and an experimental device for generating initial wavefronts, we investigate the influence of the retaining block's radial, axial lengths and the installation location, on the mitigation of wavefront steepening. It is found that the results of numerical simulations compare favourably with those of the experimental device. In mitigating the steepening of the wavefront, there is a critical value for retaining block's axial length which is about 1/4 of the length of S-shaped initial wavefront, and the retaining block is more effective when the wavefront pressure gradient is higher. This implies that when considering the inertial effect of the wavefront inside medium to long tunnels, the retaining block should be placed as close as possible to the tunnel exit to minimize the maximum pressure gradient of the wavefront. The results of this paper may provide a new approach for improving the evolution of pressure waves in tunnels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 105956"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating different categories of turbulence models for calculating air pollutant dispersion in street canyons with generic and real urban layouts","authors":"Jue Wang,&nbsp;Ruoyu You","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Turbulence models are crucial for simulating urban pollutant dispersion by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of steady-state and unsteady-state Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulation (SRANS/URANS) and large-eddy simulation (LES) in calculating air pollutant dispersion in street canyons with generic and real urban layouts. For each layout, wind tunnel experiments with measured wind speed and pollutant concentration were available as benchmarks. In addition, instantaneous concentration fields were analyzed to assess the transient models. The results showed that in both generic and real urban layouts, the RNG <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>ε</mi></mrow></math></span> model and SST <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>ω</mi></mrow></math></span> model provided similar results for time-averaged wind speed and concentration distributions in SRANS and URANS simulations. LES performed the best in calculating wind speed and pollutant dispersion. In a generic urban layout, URANS with the SST <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>ω</mi></mrow></math></span> model captured large-scale fluctuations, while instantaneous results from URANS with the SST <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>ω</mi></mrow></math></span> model did not change over time in a real urban layout. SRANS/URANS with the SST <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>ω</mi></mrow></math></span> model can provide acceptable results for time-averaged pollutant concentration fields in a generic urban layout with simple building shapes and placements. However, for real urban layouts, the LES approach is the most accurate way to calculate air pollutant dispersion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 105948"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A wake prediction framework based on the MOST Gaussian wake model and a deep learning approach","authors":"Mingwei Wang,&nbsp;Mingming Zhang,&nbsp;Lulu Zhao,&nbsp;Caiyan Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid development of wind energy, accurately predicting the wake speed distribution behind wind turbines is crucial for load assessment and coordinated control of wind farms. However, existing wake models still fall short in accurately predicting under the complex and variable inflow characteristics and turbine operating states in actual wind farms. To address this issue, this paper proposes a wake prediction framework that combines the Gaussian wake model based on Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory (MOST) and deep learning approach. In this framework, the MOST Gaussian wake model is improved to account for yaw correction, and the one-dimensional convolutional neural network-bidirectional long-short-term memory (1DCNN-BiLSTM) deep learning model is employed to dynamically calibrate the wake expansion rate parameters using both inflow characteristics and turbine operating states as inputs. Validation with actual wind farm case studies shows the proposed framework achieves 95.35% wind speed prediction accuracy and 84.17% power accuracy at Penmanshiel wind farm, and 97.12% wind speed accuracy and 87.59% power accuracy at La Haute Born wind farm. The high prediction accuracy of this framework provides a reliable basis for future load assessment and coordinated control of wind farms and offers new ideas for optimizing wind farm design and operation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 105952"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced statistical analysis of vortex-induced vibrations in suspension bridge hangers with and without Stockbridge dampers","authors":"G. Bacci ,&nbsp;Ø.W. Petersen ,&nbsp;V. Denoël ,&nbsp;O. Øiseth","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a detailed statistical analysis of strong hanger vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) at the Hålogaland Bridge in Narvik, Norway. Severe VIV during construction led to the installation of Stockbridge dampers post-completion. Unfortunately, many dampers broke within a year, prompting a long-term measurement campaign. The measurements highlight the complexity of observed VIV, with non-stationary and multi-frequency vibrations during constant wind speeds. The paper assesses the effectiveness of various damper configurations on the hangers and finds that a single damper notably reduces vibration amplitudes, however, installing more dampers results in a lower observed difference. The research includes a detailed statistical analysis of wind data and cable responses, considering different observation intervals since the observed time of development of lock-in vibrations might impact the VIV statistical indicators. It is also shown that the duration over which wind can be considered stationary most often differs from the conventional 10-minute duration. Finally, using statistical hypothesis testing, it is demonstrated that VIV metrics are slightly influenced by the observation interval length, and it is confirmed that high turbulence intensity significantly limits the amplitude reached at synchronization. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into understanding and addressing challenges related to measuring and interpreting vortex-induced vibrations on hangers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 105931"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Converting dependence of extreme wind pressure coefficients across different epochs","authors":"Xiaowen Ji ,&nbsp;Deming Li ,&nbsp;Feng Li ,&nbsp;Zhao-Hui Lu ,&nbsp;Guoqing Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2024.105947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dependence of extreme wind pressure coefficients has gained attention due to its potential impact on determining design wind loads and assessing wind-induced damages of cladding components. However, experimental data with short durations often fail to provide a sufficient number of extreme samples of pressure coefficients over specified epochs (e.g., 10 min or 1 h). Consequently, estimating the dependence of extreme pressure coefficients remains a challenge. To address this issue, Spearman's <em>ρ</em> is employed to quantify the dependence of extreme pressure coefficients due to their non-Gaussianity nature, based on which a theoretical formula converting the dependence of extreme pressure coefficients across different epochs is deduced. Furthermore, a simplified conversion formula, which offers accuracy equivalent to the theoretical one while enhancing efficiency, is provided. A dataset of pressure coefficients with a very long duration is employed for formula examination. The conversion formula demonstrates good agreement with the observed trend of dependence between extreme pressure coefficients over different epochs. Error analysis is also conducted to investigate the uncertainty of estimates from data. Additionally, the efficacy of the conversion formula deduced based on Pearson's linear correlation coefficient is discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 105947"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}