{"title":"Investigation on vortex-induced vibrations of dual parallel suspenders with different diameters: An enhanced response phenomenon","authors":"Tianyi Lang, Hao Wang, Hui Gao, Tianyou Tao, Zidong Xu, Weijie Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A suspender design with differing diameters was investigated during the conceptual phase. To evaluate the feasibility of this configuration, wind tunnel tests were conducted on a section model of the suspenders. An enhanced vortex-induced vibration (VIV) response was observed in the downstream suspender, which had a larger diameter than the upstream suspender. The vibration response, motion trajectories, and frequency spectrum of the suspenders were first investigated. Furthermore, aerodynamic damping ratios, surface wind pressures, and vortex evolution were analyzed to explore the mechanisms behind the response enhancement phenomenon. Results show that aerodynamic interference from the upstream suspender amplified the downstream response, reaching a maximum magnitude 2.2 times that of a single suspender. The aerodynamic negative damping effect is evident during the VIVs of the suspenders. Enhanced VIV response in the downstream suspender is associated with the dominance of cross-wind pressure modes, which account for 69 % of the total energy. Simultaneously, the newly formed downstream vortices with negative pressure merge with the vortices reaching from upstream, synergistically increasing the resultant cross-wind force. Findings suggest that the VIV response of the suspender can be enhanced at a specific spacing, indicating that using suspenders of different diameters should be approached with caution or avoided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 106250"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ya'nan Tang , Jian Yang , Zhongdong Duan , Jinping Ou , Feng Xu
{"title":"The peak factor of dynamic wind loads on double-span conductors: insights from aeroelastic model tests","authors":"Ya'nan Tang , Jian Yang , Zhongdong Duan , Jinping Ou , Feng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dynamic wind loads on transmission line conductors are critical for designing power transmission systems subjected to strong winds. In practice, quasi-static theory is applied to compute these dynamic loads, using a peak factor defined as the ratio of mean extreme response to response standard deviation. This factor quantifies the maximum structural responses caused by dynamic wind forces. Current engineering standards typically derive the peak factor for conductors from the Gaussian assumption, a premise that lacks rigorous validation, and its prescribed value varies significantly across wind load codes and standards. To address this gap, this paper develops an aeroelastic model of double-span, single-column conductors and conducts wind tunnel tests to assess the validity of existing assumptions and determine the peak factor under strong wind conditions. Furthermore, experiments on double-span, multi-column conductors are performed to examine the influence of aerodynamic shading and asynchronous pulsations between adjacent conductors on both the peak factor and wind load distribution. Findings provide experimental validation of Gaussian-based peak factor derivation for dynamic wind loads on conductors, yielding a measured peak factor of approximately 3.6. While interaction effects between conductors have negligible impacts on the peak factor and mean wind loads, they significantly reduce dynamic wind loads.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 106251"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A simple method for predicting the distribution and magnitude of the pressure peaks in the tunnel induced by the passing train","authors":"Xiaoyu Ji , Xuhui He , Haiquan Jing","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When a high-speed train passes through a tunnel, significant transient pressure is generated in the tunnel, which has an adverse effect on both the tunnel and train structures. In this study, a simple method was proposed to predict the pressure peaks in a tunnel. This method is based on the train wave signature (TWS) method, which has been proposed by previous scholars. The theoretical formulas were established to calculate the location and magnitude of both positive and negative peaks in a tunnel during train passage and after the train tail has exited. This simple method significantly reduces computational resources while maintaining prediction accuracy. Additionally, theoretical formulas were established to determine the most unfavorable tunnel length based on the pressure peaks along the tunnel wall. The accuracy of all the theoretical results was validated through three-dimensional numerical simulations and previous similar studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 106244"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qingwen Zhang , Guolong Zhang , Huamei Mo , Ruixiang Zheng , Xudong Zhi , Feng Fan
{"title":"Study on snowdrift characteristics and corresponding control measures for elevated buildings in Arctic region","authors":"Qingwen Zhang , Guolong Zhang , Huamei Mo , Ruixiang Zheng , Xudong Zhi , Feng Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The melting of Arctic sea ice offers new opportunities for commercial use of the Arctic Passage. However, severe snow drifting environments in this region often cause snow-related disasters, such as traffic congestion and structural burial, challenging the development of the Arctic Passage and coastal ports. To withstand snowdrift disasters, elevated structures have been commonly used in the Arctic. Therefore, this study aims to explore the snowdrift characteristics and corresponding control measures for Arctic elevated buildings. Initially, a wind tunnel test of snowdrifts around a scaled elevated building was carried out based on the analysis of the typical adverse meteorological conditions in Arctic region. Through the comparison with test results, a numerical method was validated and used to investigate the measures of snow reduction and prevention for elevated buildings. The results show that the elevated structures can effectively reduce surrounding snowdrifts by accelerating airflow beneath the building. Increasing elevated height and lateral elevated pillar columns may lead to more even snow distributions, while widening and shortening wind channels between elevated pillars can effectively control snowdrifts under the elevated layer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 106245"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrated influence of wind direction and street length on pollutant dispersion and pedestrian exposure in idealized street canyons: A CFD approach","authors":"Namrata Mishra , Aditya Kumar Patra , Abhishek Penchala","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study numerically examines the combined effects of wind direction and street length on pollutant dispersion, ventilation, and pedestrian-level exposure in urban street canyons. Idealized symmetric, step-up, and step-down canyon configurations with aspect ratios (<em>AR</em> = 1, 3) and street lengths (<em>L/W</em> = 2–20) were analyzed under four wind directions (α = 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°). Ventilation performance was evaluated using dimensionless air exchange rate (<em>ACH∗</em>) and pedestrian net escape velocity (<em>NEV</em><sub><em>ped</em></sub><em>∗</em>), while exposure was quantified through intake fraction (<<em>P_IF</em>>). Results show that symmetric canyons accumulate the highest pollutant concentrations under parallel winds (α = 0°), while step-up and step-down canyons show peak levels under oblique and perpendicular winds, respectively. Ventilation efficiency is highest in symmetric and step-down canyons under oblique winds (α = 30°–60°), and in step-up canyons under perpendicular winds (α = 90°). The lowest <<em>P_IF</em>> occurs under oblique, parallel, and perpendicular winds for symmetric, step-down, and step-up canyons, respectively. Longer streets generally reduce ventilation and increase <<em>P_IF</em>>, particularly under α = 0°. However, step-down canyons with AR = 3 demonstrate improved ventilation for <em>L/W</em> > 10 under α = 30°–90°. These findings offer practical insights for optimizing canyon geometries to enhance urban air quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 106247"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcello Catania , Svenja Goedeke , Lars Neuhaus , Michael Hölling , Alberto Zasso
{"title":"Characterizing wind tunnel fans for large-scale turbulence generation","authors":"Marcello Catania , Svenja Goedeke , Lars Neuhaus , Michael Hölling , Alberto Zasso","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wind tunnel testing requires the accurate replication of natural flow characteristics. In wind engineering and wind energy research the generation of realistic wind conditions is needed to capture the system dynamics. In particular, large vorticose structures can induce correlated forces on bridges and high-rise buildings, potentially leading to dangerous instabilities. Traditional passive turbulence generation methods, such as grids and spire elements, are limited in turbulence scales and intensity. Active techniques like moving grids, while more effective, struggle to generate low-frequency components and often come with high installation costs. A promising, cost-effective alternative is the active control of the facility’s fans, which can inject energy into the low-frequency range of the turbulence spectrum, allowing the study of transient phenomena, reproducing non-synoptic winds and other flows with custom characteristics. This study presents a straightforward methodology for characterizing wind tunnel fans as turbulence generators, offering insights into their potential and limitations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 106219"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digital twin-based prediction of vortex-induced vibration of a twin-box bridge deck within the lock-in region","authors":"Hao-Yang Li , You-Lin Xu , Bo-Man Cheng , Shang-Jun Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wind tunnel tests and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are the two most common methods for investigating vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a bridge deck at its design stage. However, current practice and research indicate that the two methods have their own uncertainties and drawbacks. This study thus integrates the two methods to develop global digital twins for investigating the VIV of a bridge deck section within its lock-in region. A twin-box bridge deck is first tested in a wind tunnel as a physical entity, and the relevant VIV information is collected. A virtual model for the physical entity is established using CFD simulation. The virtual model is then mapped with the physical entity through fusing the measurement data from the physical model with an optimization process, thereby establishing a local digital twin of the deck section for a given wind speed. Global digital twins are subsequently created based on local digital twins and the Kriging interpolation. The local and global digital twins are employed to investigate and eliminate blockage effects, and to predict the VIV of the deck section at different damping levels and wind speeds within the lock-in region. The results obtained demonstrate that the developed digital twins can provide more information and more accurate prediction of VIV of the deck section, compared with that provided by wind tunnel tests or CFD simulations alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 106242"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenqiang Jiang , Yucheng Guo , Zhe Zheng , Qing Zhang , Tongtong Dai , Liqiang An , Xing Fu
{"title":"High accuracy wind-induced response prediction of transmission tower based on graph neural hybrid network","authors":"Wenqiang Jiang , Yucheng Guo , Zhe Zheng , Qing Zhang , Tongtong Dai , Liqiang An , Xing Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Response prediction is critical for structural safety assessment and disaster resilience for transmission towers. Due to the inherent characteristics of transmission towers, such as their towering height, heavy load, and strong flexibility, they are particularly sensitive to wind load excitations. In this paper, we propose a response prediction model based on a Graph Attention Neural Network (GAT-ResLSTM) for transmission towers under wind load conditions, which transforms the transmission tower into a graph data structure and deeply explores the spatial and temporal characteristics of different nodes, and their dependencies on each other to realize the high-precision temporal response prediction of the transmission tower. To verify the validity of the model, the transmission tower under wind conditions is taken as an example for numerical validation, and the prediction performance of the model on the field monitoring data in windy conditions of the transmission tower is also studied. The results show that the proposed model has good prediction performance in transmission tower response prediction, which is better than the traditional time series prediction model, and the error in monitoring data prediction is less than 4 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 106241"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Filippo Calamelli , Tommaso Argentini , Alberto Zasso , Jungao Wang
{"title":"Influence of geometric details and external factors on the aeroelastic behavior of a single-box deck","authors":"Filippo Calamelli , Tommaso Argentini , Alberto Zasso , Jungao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Julsundet Bridge, part of Norway’s E39 fjord-crossing project, is set to become Europe’s longest suspension bridge with a 1625-meter main span. Its single-box deck design, chosen for aerodynamic efficiency, approaches the critical flutter speed limit defined by Norwegian standards. This study investigates the bridge’s aeroelastic stability through wind tunnel experiments and numerical analysis, focusing on the effects of geometry details, such as barriers and gantry rails, and external factors like snow accumulation.</div><div>Wind tunnel tests conducted at the Politecnico di Milano evaluated various configurations to optimize stability without altering the deck’s primary geometry. Snow accumulation, a significant factor in Nordic climates, was also simulated to assess its impact. Numerical multi-modal analysis complemented these experiments, providing insights into flutter mechanisms.</div><div>Results indicate that the single-box deck is aerodynamically robust, with the circular gantry rails offering the best performance. However, snow accumulation substantially reduces stability, highlighting the need for maintenance protocols and monitoring systems. Vortex-induced vibrations were not observed under typical conditions, except during snow scenarios.</div><div>This research demonstrates the feasibility of the single-box deck solution for the Julsundet Bridge and it provides practical insights for the design, maintenance, and operation of the bridge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 106237"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}