Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics最新文献

{"title":"Digital twin-based identification of aerodynamic admittance functions of a long-span bridge","authors":"S.J. Jiang ,&nbsp;Y.L. Xu ,&nbsp;S.M. Li ,&nbsp;D.H. Dan ,&nbsp;G.Q. Zhang ,&nbsp;C. Pei","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In consideration of uncertainties involved in the aerodynamic admittance function (AAF) identification conducted in wind tunnels and structural health monitoring (SHM) systems installed in long-span bridges, a digital twin-based AAF identification method using field measurement data collected by a SHM system is proposed in this study. Firstly, a theoretical model for buffeting analysis of a long-span bridge under low wind speed conditions is introduced. Based on the measured wind speed, displacement, and acceleration data, the design document-based finite element model of the bridge is updated and the coherence functions, aerodynamic force coefficients, and damping ratios of the bridge are identified. Subsequently, based on the digital twin concept, the parameters in the AAFs of the bridge are identified using a genetic algorithm and the digital twin is established. The effects of wind turbulence on AAFs as well as the statistics of AAFs parameters are further investigated. The feasibility and accuracy of the digital twin are validated through a case study of a real long-span suspension bridge. The comparisons between the simulating results of the digital twin and the field measured data verify the efficacy of the proposed method in identifying AAFs and predicting the buffeting responses of the bridge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 106095"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transverse vibration of high-speed maglev train under dual stochastic excitations of crosswinds and maglev track irregularities","authors":"Weixu Wang ,&nbsp;Bin Wang ,&nbsp;Lingfeng Ma ,&nbsp;Gang Deng ,&nbsp;Shengde Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high-speed maglev train is regarded as one of the primary directions for the future advancement of high-speed transportation systems due to its rapid velocity and environmentally friendly characteristics. Nevertheless, the transverse vibration of a high-speed maglev train is significantly challenged by the dual stochastic excitations of the crosswinds and the maglev track irregularities. In this study, a simplified numerical model for the transverse dynamics of an EMS-type high-speed maglev train is established, employing a traditional proportional-derivative (PD) controller. The improved fast stochastic analysis method based on pseudo-excitation method is utilized to solve the stochastic transverse dynamical responses. The damping matrix of the high-speed maglev train exhibits strong non-proportional characteristics as the derivative factor is relatively large. The improved fast stochastic analysis method is capable to effectively enhance the computational efficiency of the stochastic responses. The results demonstrate that the correlation between track irregularities and transverse vibrations is strong. With the increase in mean wind velocity, the stochastic response of the high-speed maglev train, which is relatively low-frequency (below the natural frequency), also increases notably. Crosswinds exceeding 15 m/s and maglev track irregularities have significant impacts on the running smoothness of the high-speed maglev train.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106094"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study of dynamic wind loads on heliostats","authors":"Sahar Bakhshipour ,&nbsp;Matthew J. Emes ,&nbsp;Maziar Arjomandi","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fluctuating behaviour of wind load on a heliostat model at different ground clearance ratios and elevation angles under low and high turbulence flow conditions are reported in this paper. The experiments were conducted in a wind tunnel. An instrumented heliostat model contains differential pressure sensors at the front and back of the heliostat panel, which is exposed to the flow. The power spectral density of the fluctuating pressure measured by the pressure sensors was used to calculate the Strouhal number and the frequency of the wind load fluctuations on the heliostat model at different ground clearance ratios of 0.106–0.485 and different elevation angles of 15°–88°. It was observed that for elevation angles larger than 45°, the Strouhal number of the heliostat model is insensitive to flow turbulence, but at lower than 45°, it is significantly influenced by the flow turbulence parameters when the turbulence intensity at the hinge height of the heliostat is approximately 14 %. Additionally, it was shown that when the heliostat ground clearance ratio reduces, an asymmetric wake is formed in the vertical plane, and the Strouhal number increases, while for higher values of ground clearance ratio, a symmetric wake is formed and the Strouhal number stabilises at a constant value of 0.135. Increasing turbulence intensity from 2 % to 14 % leads to decrease in the Strouhal number for a ground clearance ratio of 0.333 or less. In contrast, for a ground clearance ratio of 0.409 or larger, it stays almost constant at 0.15.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106092"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation of time-varying characteristics of snow accumulation on an arched roof under steady snowfall conditions","authors":"Xin Qiu ,&nbsp;Qingwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Guolong Zhang ,&nbsp;Huamei Mo ,&nbsp;Feng Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A blizzard can last for a long time. Investigating the distribution of snow on roofs helps to reduce the occurrence of snow-induced engineering disasters. Previous studies have paid little attention to the time-varying characteristics of uneven snow distribution on roofs. In order to enhance the understanding of snow distribution on roofs and predict the uneven snow cover more accurately, a method based on the Mixture model considering the evolution of the snowpack profile is proposed. The validation of this research method showed that the numerical simulation agreed well with the experimental results. The method was applied to investigate the accumulation process of snow particles on an arched roof by analyzing the relationship between the deposition and erosion of snow particles and the local bottom surface profile. The wind tunnel test, numerical simulation, and theoretical analysis indicated that under steady snowfall conditions, the snow depth does not increase indefinitely when there is partial snow cover on roof. Finally, the macro mechanism of snowpack evolution was proposed, revealing that the deposition and erosion of snow particles are processes through which the snowpack profile gradually adapts to the wind-snow flow field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106091"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinearity of mechanical damping of a spring-suspended sectional model system and its influence on the vortex-induced vibration response of a bridge deck","authors":"Weimeng Ma ,&nbsp;Zhiwen Huang ,&nbsp;Xugang Hua ,&nbsp;Zhengqing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the nonlinear characteristics of additional damping provided by various damping adjustment methods or devices and the effects of nonlinear mechanical damping of spring-suspended sectional model (SSSM) systems on the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) responses of bridge decks. First, the characteristics of the additional damping provided by three commonly used damping adjustment methods, such as winding electrical tape on the coil springs, installing eddy current dampers, and tying wire rope rings on the coil springs, to the SSSM systems are studied through free vibration tests. Among these methods, the additional damping provided by tying wire rope rings has the strongest nonlinearity, and the stability of the additional damping provided by winding electrical tape is the worst. Next, based on a wake oscillator model, the effects of the nonlinearity of the structural damping on the lock-in regions and maximum VIV amplitudes of different bridge decks are analyzed. Finally, a method for defining the nominal value of the structural damping ratio is proposed, which effectively mitigates the influence of the nonlinearity of the structural damping on the prediction of the maximum VIV amplitude of a main girder, and its rationality is verified through wind tunnel tests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106088"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CFD simulations of the wind-induced pressure distribution on double-curvature cable domes: Impact of geometrical parameters","authors":"Elshaimaa A. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Hamid Montazeri ,&nbsp;Ashraf A. El Damatty","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Double-curvature cable domes exhibit superior stability and rigidity compared to their positive-curvature counterparts. However, their inherent flexibility and lightweight nature make them highly sensitive to wind loads. Given the absence of clear regulations in existing design codes for such innovative structures, this study aims to investigate the impact of three geometrical parameters on wind-induced mean and peak pressures on these roofs: (i) cable and strut arrangement, (ii) structure height, and (iii) saddle-shaped roof curvature. The evaluations are based on high-fidelity Scale-Adaptive Simulations (SAS) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The results of mean pressure coefficient show minimal effect from variations in cable and strut arrangement, whereas significant sensitivity is observed in both structure height and roof curvature. Specifically, reducing the structure height from 0.4 to 0.1 of the dome span results in a 0.38 decrease in the negative wind pressure coefficient, while changing the saddle roof height from 0.25 to 0.1 of the span leads to a reduction of 1.5 in the negative wind pressure coefficient at the middle of the roof and an increase of 0.4 at the leading edge. A comparison with the design peak pressure coefficient specified in CNR-DT 207/2018 for hyperbolic-paraboloid roofs shows an underestimation of suction at several locations, with a maximum deviation of 1.5.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106087"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A methodology towards reducing the wind return period in reinforced concrete shear walls considering reserve capacity","authors":"Mahtab Abdollahi Sarvi ,&nbsp;Siamak Epackachi ,&nbsp;Ali Imanpour","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper develops a methodology to reduce the wind return period in tall reinforced concrete shear walls considering their reserve capacity. A set of 12 reinforced concrete shear walls part of an office building is selected and designed in accordance with ACI 318-19 and ASCE 7–22. Pushover analysis is then used to examine their lateral response and estimate a wind force modification factor. Wind-tunnel pressure records obtained from the Tokyo Polytechnic University aerodynamic database are utilized to evaluate through incremental dynamic wind analysis the collapse performance of the buildings designed using the standard method, and those redesigned using the proposed wind force modification factor; namely, their probability of failure under design wind load is interrogated. The results show that leveraging the reserve capacity of reinforced concrete shear walls can represent a viable alternative to the traditional elastic design method, provided that a reduced mean recurrence interval is justified for ultimate limit states. The proposed design procedure can potentially contribute to saving construction time and cost.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106045"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the effect of snowdrift formation on turbulent airflow and subsequent snowdrift around three types of fences","authors":"Seika Tanji","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effect of formed snowdrifts in advance on the turbulent flow and subsequent snowdrift distribution around three types of snow fences in a numerical simulation. The simulation for an 8 h drifting snow event was conducted with updating the bottom boundaries following the snowdrift structure every 2 h. The calculation domains were flat ground surfaces installed three types of solid fences—two-dimensional fence, three-dimensional fence, and two-dimensional fence with a bottom gap. Snowdrift height on the windward side of the two-dimensional fence was higher in the updating experiment than in no-updating one because wind profiles and snow trajectories were modified depending on the previous snowdrift shapes. Around the three-dimensional and bottom-gap fences, differences of snowdrift height between with and without updating bottom boundaries were generated on the leeward areas. Snowdrifts on the leeward side of these fences were formed on far areas in the no-updating experiment, but the experiment considering the previous snowdrift structures developed snowdrifts closer to the fence. These results suggested that snowdrift development on the leeward side of obstacles could be overestimated if the previous snowdrift structure were neglected in numerical simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106089"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel erosion/deposition model for Eulerian-Eulerian method and its application in simulating snow drifting on gable roofs","authors":"Xuanyi Zhou,&nbsp;Shan Ding,&nbsp;Tiange Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Eulerian-Eulerian method is commonly employed for simulating snow drifting on roofs in engineering, utilizing erosion/deposition models to address the particle-surface interaction. However, the existing erosion/deposition models are empirical, resulting in variations in determining the surface flux. Therefore, this study establishes a novel erosion/deposition model to improve the Eulerian-Eulerian method, and the method is applied to simulate snow drifting on gable roofs. The simulated snow transport rate falls within the range of the results derived from previously established formulas. A wind tunnel test was performed to predict snow redistribution on the roof, and the simulated results show general agreement with the experimental data. The method is further validated using field-measured data on snow redistribution on stepped flat roofs. The impacts of approaching wind velocity and roof span on snow drifting on gable roofs are discussed. Snow concentration increases as the wind velocity and roof span increase, and the maximum value occurs near the ridge. Higher approaching wind velocity and longer roof span both result in greater extents of erosion on the windward side and deposition on the leeward side. On large-span roofs, not only does snow deposition occur behind the ridge, but also snow erosion occurs near the leeward edge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106090"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The drag length is key to quantifying tree canopy drag","authors":"Dipanjan Majumdar ,&nbsp;Giulio Vita ,&nbsp;Rubina Ramponi ,&nbsp;Nina Glover ,&nbsp;Maarten van Reeuwijk","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of trees on urban flows are often determined in computational fluid dynamics simulations using a quadratic drag formulation based on the leaf-area density <span><math><mi>a</mi></math></span> and a volumetric drag coefficient <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span>. We develop an analytical model for the flow within a vegetation canopy and identify the drag length <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><msup><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>a</mi><msubsup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow></msubsup><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> as the key metric to describe the local tree drag, which represents the adjustment lengthscale for the mean velocity inside the canopy due to tree drag. A detailed literature survey suggests that the median <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> observed in field experiments is 21 m for trees and 0.7 m for low vegetation (crops). Total 168 large-eddy simulations are conducted to obtain a closed form of the analytical model which allows determining <span><math><mi>a</mi></math></span> and <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span> from the wind-tunnel experiments that typically present the drag characteristics in terms of the classical drag coefficient <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and the aerodynamic porosity α<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>. We show that geometric scaling of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> is the appropriate scaling of trees in wind tunnels. Evaluation of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> for numerical simulations and wind-tunnel experiments (assuming geometric scaling <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>:</mo><mn>100</mn></mrow></math></span>) in literature shows that the median <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> in both these cases is about 5 m, suggesting a potential overestimation of vegetative drag.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 106084"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}