Landscape and Urban Planning最新文献

{"title":"Impacts of imageability of architecture on brain health: A systematic literature review","authors":"Cristian A. Maestre ,&nbsp;Shana Garza ,&nbsp;Yohany Albornoz ,&nbsp;Silvia Mejia-Arango ,&nbsp;Jesus D. Melgarejo ,&nbsp;Gladys E. Maestre","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Imageability is a component of urban design and planning that has been recognized for its potential to enhance people’s perceptual and emotional engagement with their environment. Nevertheless, evidence supporting specific strategies and its mpacts on brain health is still unclear. This systematic review aimed to characterize and summarize the evidence on the importance of imageability of architecture for brain cognitive and psychological health.</div><div>This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Our keywords included imageability and architecture, environment, built environment, neuroarchitecture, aphantasia, urban design, memorability, visual recall, mental visualization, architectural features, façade, wayfinding, familiarity, vividness, cognition, expectations, green walls, biophilia, aesthetics, emotions, embodied cognition and embodiment. We searched electronic databases for studies showing the relationship among imageability, architecture, and neuroscience.</div><div>From the 5,270 identified articles, we included 56 original peer-reviewed articles. The findings suggest that environments with high imageability are correlated with better cognitive and psychological health, high emotional engagement, and enhanced social connectivity. In conclusion, studies have also highlighted that high-imageability environments enhance livability, promote wayfinding, and support physical activity. However, some gaps were identified, including the need for standardized methods to assess imageability and its impact on brain health by examining brain structures and functions with imaging studies. Imageability seems to play an important role in creating environments that promote cognitive and psychological health, physical activity and foster a sense of community belonging. Future research should focus on developing objective, replicable methods for evaluating imageability and exploring the neural paths that underlie its effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105286"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142887994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods for quantifying the cooling effect of urban green spaces using remote sensing: A comparative study","authors":"Wen Zhou,&nbsp;Yiqi Yu,&nbsp;Shihan Zhang,&nbsp;Jie Xu,&nbsp;Tao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cooling effect of urban green space (UGS) and its influencing factors have been extensively studied. However, the related results are sporadic, irregular, and even contradictory, which largely prevented the application of results to practical actions. One of the main reason may be the lack of consistency in the literature regarding the method used to quantify the cooling effect of UGS. In this study, three common methods using to quantify the cooling effect of UGS including buffer averaging method, visual interpretation method and basin analogy method were verified, compared, and evaluated. This study confirmed that different quantitative methods of measuring the cooling effect of UGS can lead to considerable differences in the results. The buffer averaging method is only applicable to conditions that the shape of UGS is regular and its surrounding landscape is homogenized, otherwise the cooling effect is easily overestimated. Visual interpretation method is the most laborious but recommended method, since it has high accuracy and can describe the directionality of cooling effect of the UGS to surrounding environment. The cooling effect quantified using basin analogy method may be uniformly overestimated or underestimated with the setting of the slope threshold, but it does not affect its accurate representation of the strength order of the cooling effect among different UGSs. The results calculated by visual interpretation method and basin analogy method are credible and highly correlated. This study emphasizes the importance of selecting and unifying quantitative method of cooling effect of UGS, which also helps to parallel compare and organize the results of relevant studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105289"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142887995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insufficient space: Prioritizing large tree species and planting designs still fail to meet urban forest canopy targets","authors":"Paticia Rettondini Torquato,&nbsp;Christopher Szota,&nbsp;Amy K. Hahs,&nbsp;Stefan K. Arndt,&nbsp;Stephen J. Livesley","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The benefits associated with urban forests have led municipalities to set ambitious canopy cover targets to be achieved over the next few decades. Identifying tree species and planting strategies that can achieve these targets is crucial. We applied species-specific tree crown growth models for 20 species commonly planted in Melbourne, Australia to simulate canopy cover increase in newly developed residential suburb over 30 years (2025–2055). Tree species selection and planting strategies were simulated under high and low rainfall. The default strategy represented current tree species selection and planting practices. The two alternative strategies i) occupied all available street planting spaces prioritizing the planting of large crown species at maturity, and ii) occupied all available street planting spaces, maximizing the number of trees planted. Both the default strategy and maximising the number of trees planted achieved 11–15 % canopy cover after 30 years. Prioritising planting trees with large crowns at maturity achieved 16–22 % canopy cover after 30 years. Low rainfall reduced canopy cover in all scenarios by 4–6 %. Increasing the number of species with a large crown at maturity will likely achieve higher canopy cover. However, canopy cover targets will be difficult to achieve unless tree planting on private property increases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105287"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nature in nature-based solutions in urban planning","authors":"Fabiano Lemes de Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been a surge of academic studies on nature-based solutions in the last decades, reflecting the growing view that nature can help us address the climate and the ecological crises. While definitions of nature-based solutions are commonly referenced in the literature, “nature” itself is rarely defined. This article investigates the ideas of nature in nature-based solutions discourses in urban planning and argues that unpacking their connotations is crucial for a more precise and locally sensitive development of planning for humans and more-than-humans. The findings reveal that “nature” is often used abstractly or through proxies such as ecosystem services or biodiversity. Although the place-specificity of NBS is recognized in the literature, local definitions and values of nature are not sufficiently included, which can compromise the long-term uptake of NBS. The study further highlights the growing recognition of the plural values of nature and the potential for ecocentric approaches to challenge the anthropocentric underpinnings of NBS. The article concludes that unpacking the often-diverging meanings of nature is paramount for a more conscious development of NBS research in planning theory and practice, enhancing the effectiveness, inclusivity, and environmental justice of NBS initiatives and their effective mainstreaming. By embracing plural definitions of nature and fostering a deeper understanding of human-nature relationships, NBS research can support more sustainable, resilient, and equitable urban futures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105282"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hybrid framework for assessing outdoor thermal comfort in large-scale urban environments","authors":"Siqi Jia ,&nbsp;Yuhong Wang ,&nbsp;Nyuk Hien Wong ,&nbsp;Qihao Weng","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the challenges posed by rapid urbanization and global warming, outdoor thermal comfort has become crucial for urban livability. However, there is a lack of field survey-based research on large-scale thermal comfort assessment across continuous urban spaces. To address this gap, this study developed a framework for assessing outdoor thermal comfort. A total number of 668 onsite observations from field studies during the daytime on typical summer days were collected and used for model development. The sites were distributed in diverse local climate zones (LCZs) of Hong Kong, enabling the prediction of outdoor thermal comfort across the city under different urban settings. A neural network model was trained for predicting daytime outdoor thermal comfort based on both meteorological and morphological variables. Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) was used to indicate objective measures of human thermal comfort. The model was then applied to wider urban layouts and dynamic climatic conditions. The results revealed that during extreme hot conditions, approximately 74.8% of areas experienced strong to extreme heat stress, with thermal sensations classified as hot or very hot, while the remaining 25.3% fell under moderate heat stress. High levels of thermal stress were observed in urban layouts of low-rise buildings, with LCZ 3 showing the highest extreme heat stress percentage at 61.3%, followed closely by LCZ 6 at 57.6%. In both LCZs, over 90% of areas faced strong to extreme thermal stress. These findings are crucial for identifying urban regions with high thermal stress. The framework could be valuable for cities with similar climate and geographical contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105281"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban equity of park use in peri-urban areas during the Covid-19 pandemic","authors":"Yangyi Wu ,&nbsp;Yehua Dennis Wei ,&nbsp;Meitong Liu ,&nbsp;Ivis García","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies of parks underscore the significance of park equity, considering both its quantity and quality. However, the vulnerability of <em>peri</em>-urban communities, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic concerning park utilization, goes beyond what objective assessments of access and quality can capture. Based on a multidimensional and comparative framework and combining objective evaluation and subjective perceptions and demands, this study explores park equity within Salt Lake City during COVID-19, spotlighting variations between urban and <em>peri</em>-urban areas. The analysis identifies pronounced regional disparities in park equity measures. The southern <em>peri</em>-urban community is identified as a disadvantaged group regarding accessibility by traditional spatial measures, yet their own perception of accessibility remains optimistic. While the urban center and west <em>peri</em>-urban groups generally share similar objective accessibility indices, their perceptions vary, and a discernible west-east disparity in park quality emerges, especially in terms of amenities. The analysis of demands and preferences also shows that western residents have a higher need for essential infrastructure enhancements to offset their current underdeveloped parks. The COVID-19 pandemic further magnified these disparities, emphasizing western communities’ vulnerabilities as they are more likely to be affected by quality perception issues than the other two groups. Additionally, the intricate and non-linear dynamics of park visitation choices during the pandemic highlight the necessity for a cross-disciplinary synthesis in urban planning paradigms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105269"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An audience segmentation study of native plant gardening behaviors in the United States","authors":"Veronica M. Champine ,&nbsp;Kaiya Tamlyn ,&nbsp;Megan S. Jones ,&nbsp;Meena M. Balgopal ,&nbsp;Brett Bruyere ,&nbsp;Jennifer N. Solomon ,&nbsp;Rebecca M. Niemiec","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Audience segmentation can be used to identify target audiences in environmental public engagement and communication, but few studies have used segmentation to study biodiversity conservation behavior. This study used segmentation to better understand perceptions and behaviors around different types of actions related to native plant gardening. With a United States representative survey (<em>n</em> = 1,200), we measured beliefs and intentions to engage in personal-sphere (i.e., individual), social diffusion (i.e., encouraging others to act), and civic action behavior (e.g., voting). A latent class analysis (LCA) revealed four distinct groups within the population: Disengaged, Potential Adopters, Potential Amplifiers, and Potential Advocates. Each class comprised approximately one-quarter of the United States population. We found that certain groups are more receptive to personal-sphere behavior, while others may be more receptive to social diffusion behavior or civic action behavior. The groups varied by key distinguishing characteristics: perceptions around civic action, previous personal-sphere and social diffusion behavior, and intentions to engage in personal-sphere action. Findings revealed opportunities to create tailored public engagement strategies to engage different groups in urban biodiversity conservation behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105272"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary diversification of an insect predator along an urban-rural gradient","authors":"Carolin Scholz ,&nbsp;Tobias Teige ,&nbsp;Kevine P. Ngoufack Djoumessi ,&nbsp;Sascha Buchholz ,&nbsp;Fabienne Pritsch ,&nbsp;Aimara Planillo ,&nbsp;Christian C. Voigt","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urbanisation generally leads to a loss of taxonomic and functional diversity in almost all animal taxa, yet a mosaic of highly variable habitats within the urban matrix could offer a diversity of insect prey to highly mobile predators such as bats. We therefore asked if insect-feeding bats change in trophic interactions along rural–urban gradients.</div><div>We predicted that the diet of common noctule bats (<em>Nyctalus noctula</em>) diversifies with increasing levels of urbanisation and that urban bats include more pest and nuisance insect species than rural conspecifics.</div><div>Using metabarcoding of faecal samples over three years of sampling, we observed a more diverse diet in urban compared with rural noctule bats. Furthermore, urban bats consumed more than twice as many agricultural pests and six times as many nuisance insects as their rural conspecifics. Finally, insect species richness in the diet decreased with increasing levels of sealed surface and vegetation cover at the sampling site.</div><div>We argue that a highly mobile bat species such as the noctule bat compensate for the lower abundance of insects in urban areas by foraging over relatively large spatial scales, including adjacent rural areas. A high proportion of pest and nuisance insects highlights the importance of urban bats for providing important ecosystem services to humans. Urban planning needs to consider maintaining and establishing dark flight corridors and a diversity of habitats to support urban bat populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105273"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban tree diversity fosters bird insectivory despite a loss in bird diversity with urbanization","authors":"Laura Schillé ,&nbsp;Alain Paquette ,&nbsp;Gabriel Marcotte ,&nbsp;Hugo Ouellet ,&nbsp;Swane Cobus ,&nbsp;Luc Barbaro ,&nbsp;Bastien Castagneyrol","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urbanization is one of the main drivers of biotic homogenization in bird communities worldwide. Yet, only a few studies have addressed its functional consequences on the top-down control birds exert on insect herbivores. We hypothesized that their inconsistent results reflect the overlooked heterogeneity of the urban habitat for birds, and in particular the distribution and diversity of urban trees.</div><div>We monitored tree diversity, bird diversity, avian predation attempts on artificial prey, and the effect of bird exclusion on insect herbivory in 97 trees distributed among 24 urban experimental plots in the city of Montreal, Canada. We characterized urbanization levels through a combination of variables related to tree density, impervious surfaces, anthropic noise, and human population density.</div><div>Bird diversity decreased with increasing urbanization, whereas the frequency of generalist synurbic species increased. We found no significant relationship between predation and urbanization or between predation and bird diversity. However, tree diversity was positively correlated with predation attempts on artificial prey, irrespective of bird diversity.</div><div>We revealed a mismatch between the effects of urbanization on bird diversity and on the regulation service and unraveled the functional importance of tree diversity in shaping the avian predation function in urban ecosystems. Our study advocates for the consideration of intra-urban heterogeneity in the investigation of trophic cascades within cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105274"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollinator gardening is constrained by income but not lot size in urban front yards","authors":"Atticus W. Murphy ,&nbsp;Elizabeth E. Crone","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flower gardens can create valuable habitat for urban pollinators, but little is known about the existing spatial pattern of gardens on the landscape, or factors associated with the decision to plant a flower garden. We mapped the distribution of front yard flower gardens compared to four other front yard landscaping types (lawn, shrubs, non-vegetated, and weeds) across 86,429 addresses in Greater Boston, MA, USA using Google Street View. We complemented these data with on-the-ground surveys at a stratified random subset of 519 yards. We hypothesized that census tracts with higher incomes would have higher flower garden frequencies and that these gardens would have higher species richness, and that census tracts with larger lots would also have higher flower garden frequencies and species richness. Yards identified as flower gardens using Google Street View contained around double the cultivated floral species richness of lawns and more than any other yard type. However, flower gardens were infrequent in front yards, and were a substantial front yard cover type in only 2.3 % of yards. Flower garden frequency and cultivated species richness were greater with higher census tract income, both consistent with the luxury effect hypothesis. However, higher-income lots also had more lawns and fewer spontaneous (weedy) species. Surprisingly, flower gardens had higher frequencies in census tracts with smaller lots. In our region, flower gardening appears to be constrained by income or education but not lot size, pointing to the potential role of small urban lots as a target for pollinator habitat.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 105271"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142782357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}