Ocular Surface最新文献

{"title":"A masked study to differentiate in vivo confocal microscopic features of Pythium insidiosum and fungal filaments","authors":"Bhupesh Bagga ,&nbsp;Md Hasnat Ali ,&nbsp;K Shreeya Jain ,&nbsp;Tanmay Gokhale ,&nbsp;Joveeta Joseph ,&nbsp;Pabitra Duwal ,&nbsp;Amrita Mohanty ,&nbsp;Lakshminarayanan Gowtham ,&nbsp;Savitri Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To describe <em>in vivo</em> confocal microscopic features of <em>Pythium insidiosum</em> in patients with <em>Pythium</em> keratitis and compare with those observed in fungal keratitis.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We collected <em>in vivo</em> confocal images of the cornea from patients with microbiologically confirmed <em>Pythium</em> and fungal keratitis, analysing five putative distinguishing features: filament width (broad or thin), granularity within the filament (present or absent), filament continuity or traceability, the presence or absence of loops, and the double track sign. Three masked observers were shown images with concealed identities and tasked with detecting <em>Pythium</em> filaments<em>.</em> After initial assessment and training, their detection rates were calculated and compared before and after training. We did perform imageJ (Open Source software project Fiji) analysis of all the images for objectively assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty confocal images of <em>Pythium</em> (n = 32,15 patients) and fungal (n = 28,12 patients) keratitis were analysed. The continuity of filaments and the presence of loops emerged as strong predictors of <em>Pythium</em>, with adjusted odds ratios (OR) of 18.1 and 19.29, respectively, based on multivariate logistic regression and decision tree splits. Pre-training accuracy was 0.51, 0.52, and 0.56, but post-training (95 % CI) improved to 0.75 (0.62–0.85), 0.80 (0.67–0.89), and 0.86 (0.75–0.94). Correct identification rates for <em>Pythium</em> were 27, 28, and 29 (84–89 %) out of 32, and for fungus were 16, 21, and 24 (57.4–85.7 %) out of 28 images with sensitivity and specificity ranging from 70.7 to 87.5 % and 80–85 % respectively. ImageJ analysis revealed a significant difference between <em>Pythium</em> and fungal filaments in both width (9.30 ± 1.21 μ vs. 6.20 ± 0.88 μ, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and branching angle (83.92 ± 13.57° vs. 55.10 ± 6.03°, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Based on our analysis, these features may be indicative of <em>Pythium</em> and could serve as a helpful reference for future prospective studies. However, further large scale studies and validation are needed to strengthen these observations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54691,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Surface","volume":"37 ","pages":"Pages 99-104"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Readership awareness series – Paper 15: How the ICMJE 2025 recommendations update impact the scientific community?","authors":"Mohammad Javed Ali MD, PhD, FRCS (Editor-in-Chief) ,&nbsp;Ali Djalilian MD (Former Editor-in-Chief)","doi":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54691,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Surface","volume":"37 ","pages":"Pages 97-98"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143569318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essential roles of sensory nerve in maintenance of cornea-phenotype in mice","authors":"Yuka Okada ,&nbsp;Takayoshi Sumioka ,&nbsp;Hiroki Iwanishi ,&nbsp;Shingo Yasuda ,&nbsp;Jianhua Zhang ,&nbsp;Yong Yuan ,&nbsp;Chia-Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Winston Whei-Yang Kao ,&nbsp;Shizuya Saika","doi":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To the best of our knowledge, no reports have been published on the long-term changes in corneal tissue during the course of neuroparalytic keratopathy caused by destruction of the ophthalmic nerve in experimental animals. To bridge this research gap, we investigated the histopathology of the cornea in mice 3, 12, and 24 months after coagulation of the ophthalmic nerve.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Nerves were severely coagulated by inserting an 18-gauge bipolar needle into the skull of C57Bl/6 mice, as previously reported. Mice were sacrificed 3, 12, and 24 months later. Eyes were processed for histological and immunohistochemical analyses to identify the phenotypes of corneal epithelium and stroma.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At 3 months after denervation, the affected eyes showed severe inflammation and epithelial damage. In 3-, 14- and 24-month-old corneas, the stroma was found to be hypercellular with stromal neovascularization and keratinized epithelial hyperplasia. Such epithelium no longer expressed keratin 12, but markedly featured keratinization markers. The affected stroma had no keratocan expression, indicating loss of keratocyte cell-type differentiation. Neutrophils, macrophages, and Sox10-positive putative Schwann cells were found distributed in the affected stroma in association with the accumulation of Sonic hedgehog and galectin-3.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Ophthalmic denervation causes prolonged inflammation lasting up to 2 years, the appearance of repair-type Schwann cells in the stroma, loss of cornea-type differentiation of the epithelium with keratinization, and loss of stroma-specific gene expression. Sonic hedgehog and galectin-3 are upregulated in tissues and thought to be involved in pathology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54691,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Surface","volume":"37 ","pages":"Pages 80-96"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143545130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical low-dose heparin in ocular Stevens Johnson Syndrome and associated molecular correlations: A randomized controlled pilot study","authors":"Renu Venugopal ,&nbsp;Shivam Sharma ,&nbsp;Lata Singh ,&nbsp;Seema Sen ,&nbsp;Thirumurthy Velpandian ,&nbsp;Prafulla Kumar Maharana ,&nbsp;Seema Kashyap ,&nbsp;Sandeep Jain ,&nbsp;Namrata Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To elucidate the efficacy of topical low dose heparin (LDH) as an adjuvant therapy in of sub -chronic and chronic ocular Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and its effect on Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) associated markers.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A prospective randomized controlled pilot trial.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>72 clinically diagnosed SJS cases were recruited into sub-chronic and chronic groups. Both groups were randomly given either LDH eye drops with conservative treatment (CT) or CT alone for one month. Visual acuity, Schirmer's test, fluorescein and lissamine staining, OSDI score and ocular surface severity were evaluated. Tear and conjunctival cells were collected to detect NET-MPO complexes and NET-gene markers (TNFSF14, TLR9, IL-6, MyD88, C3a gene).</div></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><div>Improvement in ocular surface severity scores.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sub-chronic group showed significant improvement with topical LDH in TBUT (p = 0.0001), Lissamine stain score (p = 0.0162), corneal vascularisation score (p = 0.0001), conjunctival hyperaemia score (p = 0.001) and total severity score (p = 0.001) when compared to the LDH treated chronic group. No significant improvement was seen in visual acuity in either group after one month of therapy. Qualitative ELISA confirmed higher presence of NET-MPO complex in sub-chronic cases. Both groups showed upregulation of TNFSF14, TLR9, and MyD88, which significantly decreased post topical LDH treatment (p = 0.0038,0.002 and 0.043 respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The presence of NETs mediated upregulated immune markers on sub-chronic and chronic SJS cases sheds newer light on its unresolved ocular pathology. Subsequent administration of topical LDH revealed a notable mitigation of NET associated immune markers, highlighting its promising anti-inflammatory effects within the ocular microenvironment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54691,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Surface","volume":"37 ","pages":"Pages 47-56"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the corneal immune microenvironment in healthy and diabetic mice during corneal wound healing","authors":"Yujing Lin ,&nbsp;Xiaowen Zhang ,&nbsp;Di Sun ,&nbsp;Qun Wang ,&nbsp;Shengqian Dou ,&nbsp;Qingjun Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetic keratopathy (DK) is an underdiagnosed ocular complication of diabetes mellitus. The changes of ocular immune microenvironment contribute to the pathogenesis of DK, while precise mechanisms remain inadequately understood. Here, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to elucidate the transcriptional alterations of immune cells from diabetic and healthy control mouse corneas during homeostasis and wound healing. Unbiased clustering analysis unveiled 3 major cell subsets and 11 subdivided cell clusters, including T cells, monocyte lineages, and neutrophil subpopulations. The further sub-clustering analysis demonstrated that T cells exhibited cytotoxicity characteristics in both homeostasis and wound healing of diabetic cornea. Moreover, dendritic cells preferred the migratory and maturation phenotype and may recruit and maintain cytotoxic T cells. Macrophages in diabetic cornea preferred the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype. Under injury conditions, diabetic corneal neutrophils exhibited a more mature and functional possession of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Furthermore, cell-cell communication revealed that the immune cells exhibited hyperactivation and pro-inflammatory responses, while the monocyte lineages exhibited the activating effect on T cells in diabetic cornea. This study represents the inaugural effort to establish a comprehensive scRNA-Seq transcriptomic profile of corneal immune cells during wound healing in healthy and diabetic mice, which offers a valuable reference for subsequent investigations into the pathological roles of immune cells in DK.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54691,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Surface","volume":"37 ","pages":"Pages 68-79"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective, longitudinal study to assess progression of ocular surface signs, tear cytokines and protein profiles in young adults","authors":"Rachel K. Casemore ,&nbsp;James S. Wolffsohn ,&nbsp;Tor Paaske Utheim ,&nbsp;Sjur Reppe ,&nbsp;Hans Christian D. Aass ,&nbsp;Debarun Dutta","doi":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To compare ocular surface characteristics, tear protein profiles, and cytokines in young adults with and without evaporative dry eye disease (DED), exploring any associations with lifestyle factors, and determine any progression after one year.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty participants, aged 18–25 years, were recruited. Detailed ocular surface parameters were assessed following administration of lifestyle and symptom questionnaires. Tear samples collected by microcapillary tubes were analysed using the Agilent Bioanalyzer (7 proteins between 14 and 230 kDa); tears collected with Schirmer strips were analysed for ten cytokines using Luminex Assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>56 % of participants fulfilled the TFOS DEWS II criteria for DED. 48 % had at least 25 % meibomian gland loss in either lid regardless of dry eye status, while over 90 % had at least one diagnostic sign. Progression was observed, characterised by significant increases (p &lt; 0.05) in ocular redness, lid wiper epitheliopathy and blink rate. Albumin was upregulated (p = 0.003) in DED, while zinc-α2-glycoprotein, which showed significant correlations with several meibomian gland parameters, was downregulated. Upregulation of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was observed, with several significant clinical correlations, including IL-1β with meibomian gland parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Evidence of inflammation and overlap of ocular signs in these young adults reinforces the need for early detection and differentiation of those likely to progress to DED. While upregulation of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines has provided evidence of a mechanism to maintain homeostasis, the subtle progression of ocular surface disease observed suggests that counselling is required around the modifiable risk factors of DED identified, regardless of whether symptoms are present or not.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54691,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Surface","volume":"37 ","pages":"Pages 57-67"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of eyelid warming devices as first-step treatment in meibomian gland dysfunction: A systematic review with meta-analysis","authors":"Antonio Ballesteros-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Carlos Rocha-de-Lossada ,&nbsp;José-María Sánchez-González","doi":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate the efficacy of eyelid warming devices as first-step treatment in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review with meta-analysis of RCTs, reporting the effects eyelid warming devices in 3 databases, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, was performed according to the PRISMA statement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seven studies including 367 patients, and 440 eyes were analysed. The overall efficacy did not significantly favor either group when comparing eyelid warming devices to the control groups or warm towel compresses, nor between moisture chamber devices and warm compress devices. However, the change in OSDI questionnaire (SMD 0.91; 95 % CI: 0.44 to 1.39; P = 0.0002) and NIBUT (SMD 1.10; 95 % CI: 0.61 to 1.59; P &lt; 0.0001) were significantly favorable for eyelid warming devices compared to the control groups. Similar results were obtained for tear film stability (SMD 0.97; 95 % CI: 0.32 to 1.61; P = 0.003) when comparing eyelid warming devices to warm towel compresses. Specifically, the sensitivity analysis of these groups revealed that changes in OSDI questionnaire (MD 9.41; 95 % CI: 1.70 to 17.13; <em>P</em> = 0.02; I² = 49 %) and NIBUT (MD 2.24; 95 % CI: 1.20 to 3.28; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001; I² = 71 %) were significantly favorable for eyelid warming devices. When comparing moisture chamber devices and warm compress devices, only the change in TBUT (SMD 0.75; 95 % CI: 0.23 to 1.28; <em>P</em> = 0.005; I² = 30 %) were significantly favorable for moisture chamber goggles.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Despite their limited overall efficacy, eyelid warming devices significantly reduce OSDI questionnaire and improve NIBUT compared to controls or warm towel compress groups. Evidence remains insufficient to confirm whether moisture chamber devices provide better outcomes than warm compress devices. Further well-designed RCTs are needed to confirm these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54691,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Surface","volume":"37 ","pages":"Pages 33-46"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of dry eye disease on patient-reported quality of life: A Save Sight Dry Eye Registry study","authors":"Himal Kandel ,&nbsp;Fiona Stapleton AO ,&nbsp;Laura E. Downie ,&nbsp;Ngozi C Chidi‐Egboka ,&nbsp;David MIngo-Botin ,&nbsp;Francisco Arnalich-Montiel ,&nbsp;Saaeha Rauz ,&nbsp;Alberto Recchioni ,&nbsp;Sanjeeta Sitaula ,&nbsp;Maria Markoulli ,&nbsp;Vincent Daien ,&nbsp;Fanny Babeau ,&nbsp;Gerd Geerling ,&nbsp;Jennifer P. Craig ,&nbsp;Stephanie L. Watson OAM","doi":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The aim of this real-world registry study was to evaluate the quality-of-life (QoL) impact of dry eye disease (DED). The specific objectives were to determine factors affecting QoL in DED, and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Ocular Comfort Index (OCI), and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) in a real-world DED population using modern psychometric methods.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This descriptive cross-sectional study included 368 DED patients (mean 54.7 ± 16.6 years; 80.2 % female) who completed one or more of the three questionnaires (OSDI, OCI and PHQ). Psychometric analysis of the QoL data was carried out with Andrich's Rating Scale Model of Rasch analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The original OSDI and OCI had disordered categories. The Rasch-optimised final QoL scales (OSDI – Overall, OSDI – Symptoms [SY], OSDI – Activity limitation [AL], OSDI – Environmental trigger [EN], OCI Overall, OCI - Frequency [FR], OCI - Intensity [IN], and PHQ) had satisfactory psychometric properties. Patients diagnosed with a mixed aqueous/evaporative DED subtype had worse mean OSDI-Overall and OSDI-AL scores than individuals with evaporative DED (p = 0.012 and 0.001 respectively). Patients with corneal neuropathic pain had worse QoL scores (OSDI-Overall, OSDI-AL, OSDI-SY, OSDI-EN, OCI-Overall, OCI-FR, OCI-IN, and PHQ; all p &lt; 0.05) than those without. Patients who reported undergoing prior treatment or procedure for DED had worse QoL scores than those who did not (all p &lt; 0.05 except for PHQ). The associations between DED signs (tear breakup time and staining) and symptoms were weak or not significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this real-world setting, diagnoses of mixed DED, corneal neuropathic pain, and history of DED treatment/procedures were associated with worse dry eye symptoms, activity limitation, and/or QoL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54691,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Surface","volume":"37 ","pages":"Pages 11-23"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of botulinum toxin type A on ocular pain with neuropathic features","authors":"Elyana V.T. Locatelli ,&nbsp;Jaxon J. Huang ,&nbsp;Jason D. Betz ,&nbsp;Jordan J. Huang ,&nbsp;Nicole B. Kantor ,&nbsp;Nicholas Reyes ,&nbsp;Elizabeth R. Felix ,&nbsp;Wendy W. Lee ,&nbsp;Anat Galor","doi":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate the impact of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) on neuropathic/nociplastic ocular pain (NOP) and identify predictors of patient outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective study of individuals with NOP symptoms (light sensitivity, wind/air sensitivity, persistent pain despite dry eye treatment) who received ≥1 BoNT-A injection. Primary outcome measures included if (responders vs. non-responders) and to what degree (none vs. mild vs. moderate vs. marked) individuals experienced pain improvement 4–6 weeks post-injection. Demographics and clinical exam information was compared between the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>27 individuals received BoNT-A for NOP symptoms. 74 % (n = 20) reported an improvement in pain and were classified as responders. Among responders, the degree of benefit varied, with 25 % reporting mild, 45 % moderate, and 30 % marked pain improvement. Improvements in light sensitivity (37 %), wind/air sensitivity (33 %), and quality of life (QoL) (59 %) were reported by fewer individuals. 80 % of responders and 0 % of non-responders reported QoL improvements afer BoNT-A. In a multivariable model that examined predictors of response (none to marked, 0–3), the presence of fibromyalgia (FM) (β = 0.50; p = 0.004) portended a better response, while shooting pain (β = −0.47; p = 0.007) portended a worse response to BoNT-A, (full model r² = 0.53; p &lt; 0.001). Degree of pain improvement significantly correlated with improvements in light sensitivity, wind/air sensitivity, and QoL (ρ range: 0.42–0.63; p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>After BoNT-A, most individuals reported improved ocular pain and QoL, while fewer noted improved light and wind/air sensitivity. Some systemic and ocular factors predicted treatment response and may thus guide treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54691,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Surface","volume":"37 ","pages":"Pages 24-32"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the clonal growth potential of meibomian gland stem/progenitor cells via clonal analysis","authors":"Yuli Guo ,&nbsp;Rongrong Zhang ,&nbsp;Minjie Zhang ,&nbsp;Sai Luo ,&nbsp;Wansui Li ,&nbsp;Le Sun ,&nbsp;Meiqin Zhong ,&nbsp;Zuguo Liu ,&nbsp;Yang Wu ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Jinghua Bu","doi":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtos.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Clonal analysis is a feasible method to evaluate the status of stem/progenitor cells in epidermal or limbus investigations. This study aimed to evaluate the clonal growth potential of meibomian gland (MG) epithelial cells using clonal analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Mouse and human MG tissues were isolated and cocultured with 3T3 feeder cells. Immunofluorescent staining of K14, K6a, and PPARγ on MG clones was applied. Holoclones, meroclones and paraclones were categorized based on clonal area. Triple staining and tile scans provided a comprehensive view of MG clone formation. MG ductal and acinar clones were cultured separately to compare stem/progenitor cell characteristics. We further evaluated an age-related MGD (ARMGD) mouse model along with two human MG samples of different ages using clonal analysis. Crystal violet staining was employed to assess clone formation efficiency (CFE).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both mouse and human MG epithelial cells formed clones on the feeder layers, which enlarged over time. The expression of K14, K6a, and PPARγ was decreased in differentiated clones during development. The CFE of holoclones and meroclones was approximately 1 ‰ in mouse MG clones and approximately 2.5 ‰ in holoclones and 5.6 ‰ in meroclones in human MG clones. The CFE of holoclones generated by ductal epithelial cells was significantly higher than did acinar clones. In the ARMGD mouse model and human samples, smaller clones, reduced CFE, and decreased K14+, K6a+, and PPARγ+ cells in MG clones were identified.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Clonal analysis effectively evaluates stem and progenitor cells in MGs, revealing deterioration in these cells under MGD conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54691,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Surface","volume":"37 ","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}