Radiographics最新文献

{"title":"Musculoskeletal Lymphoma: Imaging Features, Diagnosis, and Assessment of Treatment Response.","authors":"Connor D Sleeth, Alexander R Moeller, Cree M Gaskin, John S Symanski, Kirkland W Davis, Maxine E Kresse","doi":"10.1148/rg.240175","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.240175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lymphoma, a diverse group of neoplasms, has been frequently refined in classification, with over 100 types identified by the World Health Organization in 2022. Lymphoma represents 5% of new malignancies in the United States, the risk factors of which include genetic predisposition, infections, and inflammatory conditions. Extranodal lymphoma, constituting 25%-40% of cases, uncommonly involves the musculoskeletal system, with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma being the primary type. Bone lymphoma, classified as primary, primary multifocal, or secondary, predominantly affects the appendicular skeleton. Radiography and CT aid osseous evaluation and may reveal a lytic, sclerotic, mixed lytic and sclerotic, or near-normal appearance. MRI excels in soft-tissue and bone marrow assessment, and PET/CT plays a pivotal role in staging. Soft-tissue lymphoma, which involves various compartments, is best characterized with MRI, whereas US may be the modality first used for evaluation. Staging involves fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT, and treatment response is assessed through various imaging modalities. Skin involvement, commonly associated with primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, is described through stages, with FDG PET aiding diagnosis. Transspatial lymphoma involves multiple contiguous spaces and is known in the head and neck but not well documented in the musculoskeletal system. The authors provide comprehensive insight into musculoskeletal lymphoma by highlighting imaging findings crucial for diagnosis, classification, staging, and assessment of treatment response. ^©RSNA, 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 6","pages":"e240175"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mucinous Appendiceal Neoplasms and Pseudomyxoma Peritonei: Imaging Features and Current Therapies.","authors":"Laura C Jorgenson, Sherry S Wang, Travis E Grotz, Rondell P Graham, Patrick J Navin, Christopher Favazza, Sudhakar K Venkatesh, Jeff L Fidler, Joel G Fletcher, Eric C Ehman, Shannon P Sheedy","doi":"10.1148/rg.240131","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.240131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pseudomyxoma peritonei involves the gradual accumulation of gelatinous peritoneal metastases, typically resulting from the rupture of a mucinous appendiceal neoplasm. Standard treatment often includes cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. However, recurrence is common despite optimal cytoreduction, prompting ongoing investigation into novel therapies. This comprehensive review aims to enhance radiologists' understanding of mucinous appendiceal neoplasms and pseudomyxoma peritonei by focusing on nomenclature, pathophysiology, optimal imaging strategies, and the typical imaging appearance of mucinous appendiceal neoplasm and associated peritoneal disease. It also highlights problematic areas of disease that may affect the ability to achieve complete cytoreduction or influence surgical decision making and includes a surgeon's perspective on treating this complex condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 6","pages":"e240131"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primer on Renovascular Hypertension in Children: Focus on Endovascular Intervention.","authors":"Anthony T Chong, Frederic J Bertino, Yuli Zhu, Shailee V Lala, Alexander M El-Ali, Jay H Shah, Anne E Gill, Premal A Patel, Anne Marie Cahill, C Matthew Hawkins","doi":"10.1148/rg.240070","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.240070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric renovascular hypertension (RVHTN) results from flow-limiting disease of the renal arterial vasculature and is a potentially treatable cause of pediatric hypertension. Causes of pediatric RVHTN include idiopathic causes, fibromuscular dysplasia, neurofibromatosis, vasculitis, traumatic vascular injury, aneurysms, and aberrant renal arterial supply. Diagnostic imaging allows screening for and confirmation of pediatric RVHTN. Renal sonography with Doppler evaluation is the initial test of choice, followed by CT angiography and MR angiography. However, these modalities may not demonstrate intrarenal segmental or subsegmental branch disease. Therefore, conventional angiography maintains a significant role in diagnosis of pediatric RVHTN. Once diagnosed, pediatric RVHTN is initially treated with antihypertensive medications. Minimally invasive procedures, including angioplasty and embolization, may temporize or cure RVHTN. Surgical intervention-including renal artery reconstruction or reimplantation, aortorenal bypass grafting, or even nephrectomy-may be required for flow-limiting pathologic conditions, which often require endovascular strategies for maintenance. Renal artery stent placement is generally avoided due to limited data and risk of occlusion, although it can be considered in cases of iatrogenic dissection or severe elastic recoil refractory to angioplasty. Having appropriately sized covered stent-grafts nearby as a safety precaution is encouraged when performing these interventions. Radiologists play an invaluable role in the care of patients with pediatric RVHTN through multimodality diagnostic tools, both noninvasive and minimally invasive. The authors review medical management, diagnostic imaging, and endovascular interventions involved in caring for patients with pediatric RVHTN, to optimize diagnostic and interventional radiologist participation in multidisciplinary care with pediatric nephrologists and vascular surgeons. ^©RSNA, 2025 Supplemental material is available for this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 6","pages":"e240070"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum for: Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry in Osteoporosis and Osteopenia: Imaging Interpretation and Pitfalls.","authors":"Namir Asmar, Andrew Logan, Kishan Karia, Taha Haq, Fiona Watson, Neil D R Soneji, Sairah R Khan, Alexander Comninos, Zarni Win, Mitesh Naik","doi":"10.1148/rg.259006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.259006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 6","pages":"e259006"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung Cryoablation: Patient Selection, Techniques, and Postablation Imaging.","authors":"Àngel Castillo-Fortuño, Alfredo Páez-Carpio, Mario Matute-González, Erika G Odisio, Ivan Vollmer, Tarik Baetens, Jean Palussière, Fernando M Gómez","doi":"10.1148/rg.240157","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.240157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Image-guided percutaneous lung ablation has become increasingly common in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and oligometastatic disease in recent years. Among the available techniques are well-described heat-based techniques, such as lung radiofrequency or microwave ablation, and lung cryoablation (LCA), based on the use of extreme cold to cause tissue necrosis. Although it is the least used of the three ablative techniques available for lung ablation, LCA has inherent characteristics that render it the preferred technique in certain situations. Due to the nature of cryoablation, the collagen extracellular matrix of the tissue adjacent to the ablation site is preserved during the intervention. Additionally, cryoablation may allow more precise imaging monitoring of the ablation zone compared with heat-based techniques. These intrinsic advantages potentially establish LCA as the preferred ablative technique for treating lung tumors located near sensitive vital structures, such as the heart, pulmonary hilum, pulmonary arteries, aorta, main bronchi, and pleura. The authors discuss the basic principles of LCA; the indications and contraindications of the technique; and the technical details of the treatment, including the expected findings and periprocedural complications. A standardized scheme for post-cryoablation imaging follow-up is proposed, detailing the expected findings of complete response and signs of tumor persistence and recurrence and specifying the differences seen with heat-based ablative techniques. ^©RSNA, 2025 Supplemental material is available for this article. See the invited commentary by Parvinian and Eiken in this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 6","pages":"e240157"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcinosis Cutis Dermatomyositis.","authors":"Arash Azhideh, B Bersu Ozcan, Nicole Dittrich, Vaibhav Gulati, Meng Zhang","doi":"10.1148/rg.240265","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.240265","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 6","pages":"e240265"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finding Your Niche: Pursuing Uncommon Interests during Training and Shaping Your Career.","authors":"Kaitlin M Zaki-Metias, Irene Dixe de Oliveiro Santo, Alfredo Páez-Carpio, Mahati Mokkarala","doi":"10.1148/rg.240220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.240220","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 5","pages":"e240220"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144046258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plexiform Neurofibroma.","authors":"Shehbaz Ansari, Irene Dixe de Oliveira Santo, Pouria Yazdian Anari, Mohamed Badawy, Jonathan A Flug","doi":"10.1148/rg.240271","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.240271","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 5","pages":"e240271"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12134465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating Malpractice: Guide for U.S. Radiologists.","authors":"Luke M Wojdyla, James Y Chen","doi":"10.1148/rg.240092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.240092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The majority of radiologists will face litigation in their careers, yet it remains an uncommon topic for training programs and educational conferences. The authors explore the landscape of radiology malpractice litigation to equip radiologists with essential knowledge before and in the event of a lawsuit. Radiologists should understand the four components necessary to be found liable for medical negligence: patient duty, breach of standard of care, injury, and proximate causality between the breach of standard of care and the injury. The authors introduce the mechanics of a lawsuit, common causes of lawsuits, and factors affecting risk. Many current radiologic norms and standards derive from legal precedent; examining these precedents and their effects on current practice through the context of prior litigated cases can help radiologists understand their evolving roles and responsibilities. Ultimately, 63% of malpractice claims are dismissed or dropped, 28% reach settlement agreements, and the remaining claims proceed to trial, where most result in defense wins. Radiologists should be familiar with common practices that may affect their legal risk, as well as potential misunderstandings regarding the discoverability of morbidity and mortality conferences, tumor boards, and other interdisciplinary conferences. Although litigation may not always be preventable, radiologists who understand the U.S. malpractice and medicolegal environment will be better positioned to mitigate unfavorable patient and legal outcomes. ^©RSNA, 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 5","pages":"e240092"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144046261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poststernotomy Imaging: Pictorial Review of Expected Postsurgical Findings and Complications.","authors":"Zehavit E Kirshenboim, Emrah Duman, Elizabeth Mary Lee, Joan M Lacomis, Derek R Serna-Gallegos, Ibrahim Sultan, Gabin Yun","doi":"10.1148/rg.240144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.240144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sternotomy is a widely used incision technique in cardiac and thoracic surgeries. Multiple sternotomy techniques exist, such as the Robicsek technique for redo sternotomy and transverse (clamshell) thoracosternotomy for bilateral lung transplantation. Various complications after sternotomy can occur, and imaging plays a key role in their identification. Complications may involve the hardware, sternum, and peristernal soft tissues and are divided into acute, subacute, and late. Acute complications primarily involve hemorrhage and dehiscence, while subacute complications include superficial or deep sternal wound infections and late complications are typically osseous or hardware related. Imaging also plays a critical role in assessment of cardiovascular structures and their relations to the sternum in those undergoing redo sternotomy, which has become increasingly performed. CT allows radiologists to identify the relationship of vascular anatomy to the sternum as well as other factors that may complicate repeat surgery, allowing surgeons to strategize safe surgical approaches. ^©RSNA, 2025 Supplemental material is available for this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 5","pages":"e240144"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144065282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}