Radiographics最新文献

{"title":"Imaging of Thoracic Manifestations of Obstetric and Gynecologic Disease.","authors":"Alan M Ropp, Thomas Battey, Leah Smith, Aletta A Frazier","doi":"10.1148/rg.250147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.250147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiothoracic involvement by obstetric and gynecologic pathologic conditions creates a broad spectrum of clinical and radiologic manifestations, ranging from mild to critical. The authors describe the unique and often unrecognized or unexpected imaging manifestations of obstetric and gynecologic conditions in the chest. Pregnant, peripartum, and postpartum patients experience varied disorders, including eclampsia/preeclampsia, pulmonary edema, pneumonia, aspiration, acute respiratory distress syndrome, thromboembolism, other forms of embolic disease, cardiomyopathy, and metastatic gestational trophoblastic disease. Appropriate methods of imaging pregnant patients are also discussed. Gynecologic malignancies develop characteristic patterns of thoracic involvement related to the pathways of tumor spread and underlying histopathologic tumor features. Laboratory biomarkers add diagnostic value to imaging interpretation in this setting. Benign forms of gynecologic disease manifest in the chest as Meigs syndrome, thoracic endometriosis syndrome, and intravascular or metastasizing leiomyomatosis. To facilitate accurate and timely radiologic diagnosis, the authors provide a comprehensive overview of cardiothoracic imaging findings associated with benign and malignant obstetric and gynecologic conditions. ^©RSNA, 2026 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"46 8","pages":"e250147"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex as an Overlooked Factor Influencing Blood Volume and Iodine Enhancement.","authors":"Josua A Decker, Thomas Kröncke","doi":"10.1148/rg.260161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.260161","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"46 8","pages":"e260161"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum for: Pictorial Review of Pleural Disease: Multimodality Imaging and Differential Diagnosis.","authors":"Aya Yamada, Ryosuke Taiji, Yuko Nishimoto, Takahiro Itoh, Aki Marugami, Satoshi Yamauchi, Kiyoyuki Minamiguchi, Masahiro Yanagawa, Noriyuki Tomiyama, Toshihiro Tanaka","doi":"10.1148/rg.269006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.269006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"46 8","pages":"e269006"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148680967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Radiology Education with Artificial Intelligence: Curriculum Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation.","authors":"Pouria Rouzrokh, Parsa Rouzrokh, Bardia Khosravi, Farshad Shahkarami, Mahtab Amini, Mahan Mathur, Bradley J Erickson, Hillary W Garner","doi":"10.1148/rg.250198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.250198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly integrating into clinical radiology, creating a continuous emphasis on the necessity of teaching its principles to radiology trainees. However, the potential of AI to transform radiology education remains underexplored. The authors review how AI can be leveraged to enhance radiology education, from curriculum planning to its implementation and evaluation. Guided by Harden's 10-step framework for curriculum development, they systematically examine current and potential future applications of AI at each stage. They detail how AI, particularly generative models, can augment traditional educational methods. Such applications include automating needs assessments through natural language processing of learner feedback, personalizing learning pathways based on performance data, and generating diverse educational content, including synthetic imaging cases and radiology board-style questions. Furthermore, AI can enhance teaching strategies through immersive simulations, streamlining assessments with objective report-comparison tools, and improving program management by automating administrative tasks. Although the potential is immense, significant limitations persist, including high implementation costs, the rapid pace of technological change, risks of AI bias and error, and concerns around data privacy. Despite these challenges, AI represents a paradigm shift for medical education. Radiology programs should pursue a strategic and pragmatic approach to AI adoption, starting with low-risk applications to build institutional capacity and prepare the next generation of radiologists for an AI-integrated future. ^©RSNA, 2026 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> See the invited commentary by Tejani and Cook in this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"46 8","pages":"e250198"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invited Commentary: AI for Education, Education for AI: Rethinking Radiology Training.","authors":"Ali S Tejani, Tessa S Cook","doi":"10.1148/rg.250241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.250241","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"46 8","pages":"e250241"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectrum of Breast Sarcomas with Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation.","authors":"Jorge L Huayanay Espinoza, Esmeralda S Bayona Huaman, María I Torres Falen, Dilip D Giri, Panagiotis Kapetas, Katja Pinker-Domenig","doi":"10.1148/rg.250148","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.250148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast sarcomas are mesenchymal tumors that constitute less than 1% of all breast malignancies and account for less than 5% of all soft-tissue malignant tumors. Various subtypes include angiosarcoma, liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. Staging and management of these malignancies differ from those for other more common breast malignancies such as carcinoma. The clinical outcome depends on various factors including tumor stage and tumor grade. Therefore, timely and appropriate diagnosis is essential. It is not possible to reliably differentiate various histologic tumor types with imaging alone. Findings of pathologic evaluation must be correlated with imaging features in an adequate clinical setting. This review highlights the most important imaging features of breast sarcomas, with emphasis on radiologic-pathologic correlation. Diagnostic difficulties and conditions to consider in the differential diagnosis are also discussed. The article is organized based on imaging and histologic features according to the World Health Organization classification system. ^©RSNA, 2026 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"46 7","pages":"e250148"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13324556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148334495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WHO 2022 Renal Cell Tumor Classification: Imaging Features and Clinical Implications.","authors":"Masahiro Jinzaki, Refky Nicola, Samuel J Withey, Jurgen J Fütterer, Hirotaka Akita, Akira Yamamoto, Orito Ikeda, Fumiko Yagi, Toyonori Tsuzuki, Holger Moch","doi":"10.1148/rg.250098","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.250098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The World Health Organization classification of renal cell tumors was updated to its fifth edition in 2022 and incorporated significant changes with contributions from pathologists and radiologists. In the 2022 updated classification, epithelial renal tumors are now divided into six categories. Four of these six categories represent the major subtypes of renal tumors: clear cell renal tumors, papillary renal tumors, oncocytic and chromophobe renal tumors, and collecting duct tumors. Two additional categories, representing relatively rare renal tumors, termed <i>other renal tumors</i> and <i>molecularly defined renal carcinomas,</i> have been introduced. While neoplasms in the other renal tumors category are classified on the basis of their histopathologic features, similar to the major subtypes, molecularly defined renal carcinomas represent a new category based on molecular characteristics. In recent years, the number of these rare subtypes has increased significantly. Many of these relatively rare renal tumors represent conventional subtypes that have been reclassified or renamed. Notably, papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) type 2 has been reclassified as other renal tumors or molecularly defined renal carcinomas. As a result, many tumors in these two categories demonstrate gradual enhancement, similar to the enhancement of pRCCs. However, one or more of the following features may differ from those of typical pRCCs: patient age, growth pattern, nonenhanced attenuation at CT, degree of enhancement, homogeneity, T2 signal intensity, and presence of metastases. Careful evaluation of these features can raise suspicion for a rare subtype and is essential for guiding urologists in determining the surgical strategies and guiding pathologists in selecting appropriate immunohistopathologic and/or genetic tests for accurate diagnosis. ^©RSNA, 2026 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> See the invited commentary by Davenport and Pedrosa in this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"46 7","pages":"e250098"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomic Basis for Imaging Assessment of the Postsurgical Anterolateral Abdominal Wall.","authors":"Daniel Borges Montel, Igor Rother César de Oliveira, Max Orsi Salazar, Vinícius Castro de Rezende Fiorot, Cassio Eduardo da Silva Gontijo, Natally Horvat, Priscilla Cláudia Raddo Venâncio, Manoel Henrique Fonseca Barbosa, Filipe Tomishige Chaves, Gabriel Guilherme Nunes Pozzer, Fabio Lewin","doi":"10.1148/rg.250061","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.250061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postoperative evaluation of the abdominal wall requires an understanding of anatomy, surgical techniques, and potential complications. While many abdominal surgical procedures involve the wall as a conduit to intra-abdominal organs, targeted abdominal wall procedures such as hernia repairs, ostomy creation, aesthetic operations, and complex reconstructions present imaging challenges and possible complications. The authors provide a structured approach to postoperative abdominal wall imaging, integrating detailed anatomic knowledge with common surgical interventions. They address the relationship between surgical techniques and complication patterns, including mesh behavior, nerve-related muscle changes, and fascial disruptions. The expected postoperative appearance, stages of healing, and early and late complications of various procedures are highlighted, with dedicated sections on hernias, mesh repairs, ostomies, and aesthetic surgery. CT is usually the primary imaging modality, with US and MRI serving complementary roles when appropriate. By aligning imaging interpretation with surgical terminology and classifications, radiologists can improve diagnostic accuracy, ensure reporting consistency, and better support multidisciplinary decision making. ^©RSNA, 2026 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"46 7","pages":"e250061"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148229157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Sacroiliac Joint: Normal Development and Pathologic Disorders.","authors":"Daisy Terumi Kase, Paola Cecy Kuenzer Goes Esmanhotto, Lucas Kenzo Miyahara, Ana Carolina de Lima Augusto, Livia Stela de Sousa Monteiro, Julia Esperanza Castro Anaya, André Rosenfeld, Maria Teresa Terreri, Adham do Amaral E Castro, Dyan V Flores, André Yui Aihara","doi":"10.1148/rg.250091","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.250091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is a critical anatomic structure that connects the axial skeleton with the lower limbs. Compared with its adult counterpart, the pediatric SIJ exhibits unique anatomic features, and imaging evaluation may then present significant challenges due to overlapping features between normal developmental manifestations, anatomic variants, and true pathologic conditions. Two frequently observed developmental findings can resemble pathologic conditions: subchondral irregularities and subchondral flaring. These are commonly seen on MR images of the developing pelvis. A diverse range of anatomic variations has been documented in both the cartilaginous and ligamentous components of the SIJ. Though overall innocuous, some variations are linked to mechanical overload and pain. True sacroiliitis can arise from inflammatory, infectious, or traumatic causes. Inflammatory conditions may exhibit similar imaging characteristics and are best differentiated through MRI. The presence of unilateral sacroiliitis should prompt consideration of an infectious cause, with imaging indicators such as capsular edema and abscess formation suggesting infection. Traumatic injuries to the SIJ are uncommon in children and usually occur in the context of high-energy trauma. Mechanical overload or repetitive stress in the pediatric population can result in bone marrow edema in the weight-bearing regions of the SIJ and, less commonly, in sacral stress fractures, most often involving the sacral ala. It is crucial to accurately differentiate these imaging features to avoid functional impairments, morbidity, and unnecessary interventions. The authors aim to enhance radiologists' understanding of the pediatric SIJ by examining its unique anatomic characteristics, key imaging features, and pertinent differential diagnosis. ^© RSNA, 2026 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"46 7","pages":"e250091"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rosai-Dorfman Disease: Imaging and Updates.","authors":"Amar S Shah, Mohd Javed Saifullah Shaikh, Nishant Aswani, Leonardo Gomes Marcelino, Zubin Vicky Driver, Galib Mirza Nasirul Islam, Sedat Kandemirli, Akira Kawashima, Carol J Homan, Eli Diamond, Malak Itani, Aarti Sekhar, Yashant Aswani","doi":"10.1148/rg.250179","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.250179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare, clinically heterogeneous, multisystem, non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. The discovery of recurrent and somatic mutations in the <i>MAPK</i> signaling pathway in a subset of these patients, starting in 2016, subsequently led to a reclassification of RDD from an inflammatory disorder to a neoplastic process. It is now included in the revised 2022 World Health Organization classification of hematolymphoid tumors. The hallmark of RDD is massive painless cervical lymphadenopathy, although any nodal station can be affected. RDD can also manifest as histiocyte-rich soft-tissue infiltrates in any organ system. Multiple varied pathologic conditions, including autoimmune and hereditary disorders and even malignancies, can coexist with RDD and thus further confound the clinical findings. Radiologic findings often provide the first clue to the presence of RDD by detecting nonspecific lymphadenopathy or masslike extranodal disease. However, imaging findings are nonspecific, similar to the clinical manifestations, and are best interpreted in conjunction with histologic features. Imaging allows determination of target sites for biopsy and the extent of the disease, helps predict prognosis, and assesses treatment response. The rarity of the disease and a lack of uniform guidelines make management challenging. Nevertheless, radiologic findings help assess treatment response and guide further management. The authors discuss various radiologic findings of RDD, along with differential diagnoses, by using an organ system-based approach and briefly describe the consensus management guidelines for RDD discussed in the 2016 annual meeting of the 32nd Histiocyte Society. ^©RSNA, 2026 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"46 7","pages":"e250179"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13324555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148334479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}