Radiographics最新文献

{"title":"Prone Tomosynthesis-guided Breast Biopsy: A Primer.","authors":"Tatiana Cardoso de Mello Tucunduva, André Tito Pereira Bueno, Luciano Fernandes Chala, Michelle V Lee, Ulysses S Torres, Lucy Tiemi Sato, Carlos Shimizu, Giselle Guedes Netto de Mello","doi":"10.1148/rg.230192","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.230192","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"44 6","pages":"e230192"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141088708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Thymic Imaging: The Critical Need for Differentiating Thymolipoma from Liposarcoma in Clinical Practice.","authors":"Furkan Ufuk, Iclal Ocak","doi":"10.1148/rg.240112","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.240112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"44 6","pages":"e240112"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroimaging Features of Cytokine-related Diseases","authors":"Mariko Kurokawa, Ryo Kurokawa, Akira Baba, Taku Gomi, Shinichi Cho, Kyohei Yoshioka, Taisuke Harada, John Kim, Pinarbasi Emile, Osamu Abe, Toshio Moritani","doi":"10.1148/rg.230069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.230069","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cytokines are small secreted proteins that have specific effects on cellular interactions and are crucial for functioning of the immune system. Cytokines are involved in almost all diseases, but as microscopic chemical compounds they cannot be visualized at imaging for obvious reasons. Several imaging manifestations have been well recognized owing to the development of cytokine therapies such as those with bevacizumab (antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and the establishment of new disease concepts such as interferonopathy and cytokine release syndrome. For example, immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity is the second most common form of toxicity after CAR T-cell therapy toxicity, and imaging is recommended to evaluate the severity. The emergence of COVID-19, which causes a cytokine storm, has profoundly impacted neuroimaging. The central nervous system is one of the systems that is most susceptible to cytokine storms, which are induced by the positive feedback of inflammatory cytokines. Cytokine storms cause several neurologic complications, including acute infarction, acute leukoencephalopathy, and catastrophic hemorrhage, leading to devastating neurologic outcomes. Imaging can be used to detect these abnormalities and describe their severity, and it may help distinguish mimics such as metabolic encephalopathy and cerebrovascular disease. Familiarity with the neuroimaging abnormalities caused by cytokine storms is beneficial for diagnosing such diseases and subsequently planning and initiating early treatment strategies. The authors outline the neuroimaging features of cytokine-related diseases, focusing on cytokine storms, neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, cytokine-related tumors, and cytokine-related therapies, and describe an approach to diagnosing cytokine-related disease processes and their differentials.</p><p>^©RSNA, 2024</p><p>Supplemental material is available for this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140829164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invited Commentary: Important Features in MRI Reports of Soft-Tissue Tumors","authors":"Mark D. Murphey","doi":"10.1148/rg.240039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.240039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140842538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Acute Abdomen: A Case-based Survival Guide to What the Surgeon Wants to Know","authors":"John W. Kirby, Kelly K. Horst, James H. Boyum, Cornelius A. Thiels, Adam T. Froemming, Ashish Khandelwal","doi":"10.1148/rg.230161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.230161","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140800393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noncontrast MR Lymphography: A Noninvasive and Useful Imaging Modality","authors":"Lionel Arrivé, Hedi Chekir, Sanaâ El Mouhadi","doi":"10.1148/rg.240054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.240054","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140800392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response Evaluation Criteria in Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Cancers: Which to Use and How to Measure","authors":"Francesca Castagnoli, Justin Mencel, Derfel ap Dafydd, Jessica Gough, Brent Drake, Naami Charlotte Mcaddy, Samuel Joseph Withey, Angela Mary Riddell, Dow-Mu Koh, Joshua David Shur","doi":"10.1148/rg.230047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.230047","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As the management of gastrointestinal malignancy has evolved, tumor response assessment has expanded from size-based assessments to those that include tumor enhancement, in addition to functional data such as those derived from PET and diffusion-weighted imaging. Accurate interpretation of tumor response therefore requires knowledge of imaging modalities used in gastrointestinal malignancy, anticancer therapies, and tumor biology. Targeted therapies such as immunotherapy pose additional considerations due to unique imaging response patterns and drug toxicity; as a consequence, immunotherapy response criteria have been developed. Some gastrointestinal malignancies require assessment with tumor-specific criteria when assessing response, often to guide clinical management (such as watchful waiting in rectal cancer or suitability for surgery in pancreatic cancer). Moreover, anatomic measurements can underestimate therapeutic response when applied to molecular-targeted therapies or locoregional therapies in hypervascular malignancies such as hepatocellular carcinoma. In these cases, responding tumors may exhibit morphologic changes including cystic degeneration, necrosis, and hemorrhage, often without significant reduction in size. Awareness of pitfalls when interpreting gastrointestinal tumor response is required to correctly interpret response assessment imaging and guide appropriate oncologic management. Data-driven image analyses such as radiomics have been investigated in a variety of gastrointestinal tumors, such as identifying those more likely to respond to therapy or recur, with the aim of delivering precision medicine. Multimedia-enhanced radiology reports can facilitate communication of gastrointestinal tumor response by automatically embedding response categories, key data, and representative images.</p><p>^©RSNA, 2024</p><p>Test Your Knowledge questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.</p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140800473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and Utilization of Flow Artifacts at CT","authors":"Caroline L. Robb, Kaitlin M. Marquis, Kacie L. Steinbrecher, Mark M. Hammer, Travis Henry, Sanjeev Bhalla, Constantine A. Raptis","doi":"10.1148/rg.230134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.230134","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Flow artifacts are commonly encountered at contrast-enhanced CT and can be difficult to discern from true pathologic conditions. Therefore, radiologists must be comfortable distinguishing flow artifacts from true pathologic conditions. This is of particular importance when evaluating the pulmonary arteries and aorta, as a flow artifact may be mistaken for a pulmonary embolism or dissection flap. Understanding the mechanics of flow artifacts and how these artifacts are created can help radiologists in several ways. First, this knowledge can help radiologists appreciate how the imaging characteristics of flow artifacts differ from true pathologic conditions. This information can also help radiologists better recognize the clinical conditions that predispose patients to flow artifacts, such as pneumonia, chronic lung damage, and altered cardiac output. By understanding when flow artifacts may be confounding the interpretation of an examination, radiologists can then know when to pursue other troubleshooting methods to assist with the diagnosis. In these circumstances, the radiologist can consider several troubleshooting methods, including adjusting the imaging protocols, recommending when additional imaging may be helpful, and suggesting which imaging study would be the most beneficial. Finally, flow artifacts can also be used as a diagnostic tool when evaluating the vascular anatomy, examples of which include the characterization of shunts, venous collaterals, intimomedial flaps, and alternative patterns of blood flow, as seen in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuits.</p><p>^©RSNA, 2024</p><p>Test Your Knowledge questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.</p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140800391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adrenal Vein Sampling: Tips and Tricks","authors":"Katsuhiro Kobayashi, Leen Alkukhun, Emily Rey, Abhijit Salaskar, Runa Acharya","doi":"10.1148/rg.230115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.230115","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is the standard method for distinguishing unilateral from bilateral sources of autonomous aldosterone production in patients with primary aldosteronism. This procedure has been performed at limited specialized centers due to its technical complexity. With recent advances in imaging technology and knowledge of adrenal vein anatomy in parallel with the development of adjunctive techniques, AVS has become easier to perform, even at nonspecialized centers. Although rare, anatomic variants of the adrenal veins can cause sampling failure or misinterpretation of the sampling results. The inferior accessory hepatic vein and the inferior emissary vein are useful anatomic landmarks for right adrenal vein cannulation, which is the most difficult and crucial step in AVS. Meticulous assessment of adrenal vein anatomy on multidetector CT images and the use of a catheter suitable for the anatomy are crucial for adrenal vein cannulation. Adjunctive techniques such as intraprocedural cortisol assay, cone-beam CT, and coaxial guidewire-catheter techniques are useful tools to confirm right adrenal vein cannulation or to troubleshoot difficult blood sampling. Interventional radiologists should be involved in interpreting the sampling results because technical factors may affect the results. In rare instances, bilateral adrenal suppression, in which aldosterone-to-cortisol ratios of both adrenal glands are lower than that of the inferior vena cava, can be encountered. Repeat sampling may be necessary in this situation. Collaboration with endocrinology and laboratory medicine services is of great importance to optimize the quality of the samples and for smooth and successful operation.</p><p>^©RSNA, 2024</p><p>Test Your Knowledge questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.</p>","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140800404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invited Commentary: The Double-edged Sword of Bias in Medical Imaging Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Pouria Rouzrokh, Bradley J. Erickson","doi":"10.1148/rg.230243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.230243","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}