Radiographics最新文献_第10页

Invited Commentary: Liver Masses in Children with Underlying Predispositions: The Need for Multidisciplinary Collaboration. 特邀评论：儿童肝脏肿块的潜在倾向：多学科合作的必要性。

IF 5.2 1区医学

Radiographics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rg.240216

Caroline Rutten, Govind B Chavhan

引用次数: 0

Thoracic and Cardiovascular Imaging Manifestations of Lupus. 狼疮的胸部和心血管影像学表现。

IF 5.2 1区医学

Radiographics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rg.240114

Christian J Gomez, Muhammad Naeem, Meagan A Bechel, Wilson Battle, Sagar Amin, Aws Hamid, Eugene Berkowitz, Srihari Veeraraghavan, Peter Filev

{"title":"Thoracic and Cardiovascular Imaging Manifestations of Lupus.","authors":"Christian J Gomez, Muhammad Naeem, Meagan A Bechel, Wilson Battle, Sagar Amin, Aws Hamid, Eugene Berkowitz, Srihari Veeraraghavan, Peter Filev","doi":"10.1148/rg.240114","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.240114","url":null,"abstract":"Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), commonly referred to as lupus, is a widely prevalent chronic autoimmune disease that can affect any organ system in the body. Although the pathogenesis of this disease is rather complex and poorly understood, ultimately there is an overproduction of multiple self-reactive antinuclear antibodies. These autoantibodies are one of the laboratory hallmarks of the diagnosis and disease activity of SLE. Lupus has a myriad of symptoms and imaging manifestations. Serositis, one of the most common manifestations of the disease, usually occurs with pleural or pericardial effusion with or without associated serosal inflammatory changes. The pulmonary manifestations are heterogeneous, with mostly acute (eg, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, acute lupus pneumonitis) and some chronic (eg, fibrosing interstitial lung disease, shrinking lung syndrome) lung findings. Cardiac and vascular manifestations include myocarditis; coronary artery disease, including accelerated atherosclerosis; myocardial infarction; and spontaneous dissections, along with vasculitis, aneurysms, Libman-Sacks endocarditis, and arterial and venous thromboembolism. Although patient history and risk factor assessment have a vital role in diagnosing lupus, familiarity with the imaging manifestations aids radiologists in optimizing patient care, assessing for complications, and uncovering undiagnosed cases of lupus. This fact emphasizes the importance of recognizing the complex multisystem involvement of lupus seen at imaging. In this article, the authors review the thoracic and cardiovascular imaging manifestations of lupus. © RSNA, 2024.","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 1","pages":"e240114"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scapulothoracic Disorders: Anatomy, Kinematics, Clinical Assessment, and Multimodality Imaging. 肩胛骨疾病：解剖学、运动学、临床评估和多模态成像。

IF 5.2 1区医学

Radiographics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rg.240097

Isabela A N da Cruz, Marília C Fagundes, Lucas N M da Silva, Flávia F Araújo, Dâmaris V C Gonçalves, Breno Schor, Marcelo A C Nico, Nicholas G Rhodes, Júlio B Guimarães, Alípio G Ormond Filho

{"title":"Scapulothoracic Disorders: Anatomy, Kinematics, Clinical Assessment, and Multimodality Imaging.","authors":"Isabela A N da Cruz, Marília C Fagundes, Lucas N M da Silva, Flávia F Araújo, Dâmaris V C Gonçalves, Breno Schor, Marcelo A C Nico, Nicholas G Rhodes, Júlio B Guimarães, Alípio G Ormond Filho","doi":"10.1148/rg.240097","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.240097","url":null,"abstract":"Shoulder and neck concerns are prevalent musculoskeletal issues prompting medical attention, often stemming from scapulothoracic disorders that can serve as both the cause and consequence of other shoulder abnormalities. Scapular dyskinesis, fractures, benign and malignant masses, and neuropathies are frequently overlooked yet can substantially affect shoulder pain and function, particularly in athletes. Scapulothoracic disorders may lead to and/or be worsened by common shoulder abnormalities including those of the rotator cuff, neighboring bursae, and the glenohumeral articulation and labrum. Imaging is pivotal in the evaluation of scapulothoracic disorders because physical examination can be difficult and confounding. Radiographic studies, including standard and dynamic radiographic assessments, can aid in the detection of osseous deformities and abnormalities in scapular motion. CT allows improved detection of osseous variants and identification of occult fractures or tumors and permits precise measurement. MRI offers detailed evaluation of soft-tissue abnormalities, muscle trophism, and nerve structures. Advanced MRI techniques, tailored acquisitions, and optimal image acquisition parameters are essential for accurate interpretation and diagnosis of scapulothoracic disorders. Given the complex three-dimensional morphology and motion at the scapulothoracic joint, a multimodality imaging approach in conjunction with the clinical history and physical examination is necessary for a comprehensive assessment of the scapulothoracic joint. The radiologist can play an important role in assisting the treating provider in the diagnosis and subsequent management of these complex conditions. ©RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material and the slide presentation from the RSNA Annual Meeting are available for this article.","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 1","pages":"e240097"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artifacts at Cardiac MRI: Imaging Appearances and Solutions. 心脏MRI伪影：影像学表现及解决方法。

IF 5.2 1区医学

Radiographics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rg.230200

Prabhakar Shantha Rajiah, Baskaran Sundaram, Ming Yen Ng, Praveen Ranganath, Philip A Araoz, Michael A Bolen

{"title":"Artifacts at Cardiac MRI: Imaging Appearances and Solutions.","authors":"Prabhakar Shantha Rajiah, Baskaran Sundaram, Ming Yen Ng, Praveen Ranganath, Philip A Araoz, Michael A Bolen","doi":"10.1148/rg.230200","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.230200","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiac MRI (CMR) is an important imaging modality in the evaluation of cardiovascular diseases. CMR image acquisition is technically challenging, which in some circumstances is associated with artifacts, both general as well as sequence specific. Recognizing imaging artifacts, understanding their causes, and applying effective approaches for artifact mitigation are critical for successful CMR. Balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP), the most common CMR sequence, is associated with band and flow artifacts, which are amplified at 3-T imaging. This can be mitigated by targeted shimming, by short repetition time, or by using a frequency-scout sequence. In patients with cardiac arrhythmias or poor breath hold, the quality of cine imaging can be improved with a non-electrocardiographically gated free-breathing real-time sequence. Motion artifacts on late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) images can be mitigated by using single-shot technique with motion compensation and signal averaging. LGE images are also prone to partial-volume averaging and incomplete myocardial nulling. In phase-contrast imaging, aliasing artifact is seen when the velocity of blood is higher than the encoded velocity. Aliasing can be mitigated by increasing the encoded velocity or using postprocessing software. In first-pass perfusion imaging, a dark rim artifact due to Gibbs ringing can be distinguished from a true perfusion defect based on earlier appearance and fading after a few cardiac cycles. With implanted cardiac devices, artifactual high signal intensity mimicking scar is seen on LGE images, which can be mitigated using a wide-band sequence. With devices and metallic artifacts, traditional gradient-recalled echo sequence has fewer artifacts than bSSFP. CMR at 3 T requires adaptation of sequences to minimize artifacts. ©RSNA, 2025 Supplemental material is available for this article.","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 1","pages":"e230200"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Importance of RSNA Academic Programs to Improvement of Radiology Research: IRIYA Bibliometric Analysis. RSNA学术计划对提高放射学研究的重要性：IRIYA文献计量分析。

IF 5.2 1区医学

Radiographics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rg.240227

Bruno Hochhegger, Stephan Altmayer, Jay Talati, Claudio Silva

引用次数: 0

Imaging Findings and Management Strategies for Liver Masses in Children with Predisposition Disorders: A Review by the Pediatric LI-RADS Group. 易患性疾病儿童肝脏肿块的影像学表现和治疗策略：儿童LI-RADS小组综述

IF 5.2 1区医学

Radiographics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rg.240063

Amy B Kolbe, Michael R Acord, Geetika Khanna, Cara E Morin, HaiThuy N Nguyen, Mitchell A Rees, Esther Ro, Gary R Schooler, Judy H Squires, Ali B Syed, Elizabeth R Tang, Alexander J Towbin, Adina Alazraki

{"title":"Imaging Findings and Management Strategies for Liver Masses in Children with Predisposition Disorders: A Review by the Pediatric LI-RADS Group.","authors":"Amy B Kolbe, Michael R Acord, Geetika Khanna, Cara E Morin, HaiThuy N Nguyen, Mitchell A Rees, Esther Ro, Gary R Schooler, Judy H Squires, Ali B Syed, Elizabeth R Tang, Alexander J Towbin, Adina Alazraki","doi":"10.1148/rg.240063","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.240063","url":null,"abstract":"Liver masses in children with underlying systemic disease or a predisposing syndrome can be benign or malignant, ranging from focal fat to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Knowledge of the underlying condition, the pathophysiologic effect on the liver, and the development of liver disease and specific liver lesions allows radiologists to guide imaging with regard to modality and frequency and give recommendations for biopsy when appropriate. In some predisposition disorders, such as Beckwith Wiedemann spectrum, familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome, and tuberous sclerosis complex, established guidelines for imaging screening exist. In many of the syndromes discussed, masses may occur outside of the liver and the liver may not be the primary focus of screening. For other entities, no consensus recommendations exist. Screening recommendations may be based on the risk of development of chronic liver disease. Once cirrhosis occurs, the risk of developing HCC is elevated. The authors summarize the spectrum of liver lesions that may be encountered in children with predisposing syndromes and systemic diseases, the imaging appearance of the lesions with various modalities, and screening guidelines where published. ©RSNA, 2024 See the invited commentary by Rutten and Chavan in this issue.","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 1","pages":"e240063"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nuclear Medicine Imaging in Epilepsy. 癫痫的核医学成像。

IF 5.2 1区医学

Radiographics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rg.240062

Aakanksha Sriwastwa, Andrew Timothy Trout, Bruce Wayne Mahoney, Lily L Wang, Jennifer L Scheler

{"title":"Nuclear Medicine Imaging in Epilepsy.","authors":"Aakanksha Sriwastwa, Andrew Timothy Trout, Bruce Wayne Mahoney, Lily L Wang, Jennifer L Scheler","doi":"10.1148/rg.240062","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.240062","url":null,"abstract":"Approximately one-third of patients with focal epilepsy have medically refractory focal epilepsy (MRFE), which significantly impacts their quality of life. Once a seizure focus is identified and determined to be in the noneloquent cortex, it can be surgically resected with the goal of freedom from seizures and minimal neurocognitive deficit. During noninvasive (phase I) presurgical planning, functional (nuclear) imaging and structural imaging are complementary in the accurate localization of the epileptogenic zone (EZ). PET and SPECT are complementary functional imaging modalities. Fluorine 18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET shows hypometabolism in the EZ, while SPECT radiotracers are used to assess regional cerebral perfusion. Functional imaging plays a more important role in patients with nonlesional epilepsy (approximately one-third of patients with MRFE), in patients with multiple lesions, or in the setting of electrophysiologic-structural discordance. Nuclear medicine imaging also helps in evaluating the functional integrity of the rest of the brain and unmasking abnormalities that are not apparent at structural imaging before surgery. During invasive (phase II) evaluation, the EZ seen at functional imaging helps in guiding intracranial electrode placement. This review of nuclear medicine imaging of epilepsy is focused on the radiotracers used, imaging acquisition and postprocessing, commonly encountered causes of MRFE in adults and children, radiologic appearances of MRFE, imaging artifacts, and interpretation pitfalls. The goal is to guide radiologists in optimally performing and interpreting these studies for effective multidisciplinary discussions of these complex patient cases. ©RSNA, 2025 Supplemental material is available for this article.","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 1","pages":"e240062"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Breast US: Guide for Beginners. 乳房美国：初学者指南。

IF 5.2 1区医学

Radiographics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rg.240161

Marcela Caetano Vilela Lauar, Gabriela Merigue, Lavínia Ferreira Dias, Érica Elisangela Françolin Federicci, Aline Lemgruber Prado Costa, Iviny Yonekura, Michelle V Lee, Ana Claudia Silveira Racy

引用次数: 0

RadioGraphics 2025: Reflections on Connection. 放射学2025：关于连接的思考。

IF 5.2 1区医学

Radiographics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rg.249014

Christine Cooky Menias

引用次数: 0

Motor Neuron Diseases and Central Nervous System Tractopathies: Clinical-Radiologic Correlation and Diagnostic Approach. 运动神经元疾病和中枢神经系统束病变：临床-放射学相关性和诊断方法。

IF 5.2 1区医学

Radiographics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rg.240067

Amit B Desai, Amit Agarwal, Alaa S Mohamed, Khalid H Mohamed, Erik H Middlebrooks, Alok A Bhatt, Vivek Gupta, Neeraj Kumar, Elia Sechi, Eoin P Flanagan, Sebastian López Chiriboga

{"title":"Motor Neuron Diseases and Central Nervous System Tractopathies: Clinical-Radiologic Correlation and Diagnostic Approach.","authors":"Amit B Desai, Amit Agarwal, Alaa S Mohamed, Khalid H Mohamed, Erik H Middlebrooks, Alok A Bhatt, Vivek Gupta, Neeraj Kumar, Elia Sechi, Eoin P Flanagan, Sebastian López Chiriboga","doi":"10.1148/rg.240067","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rg.240067","url":null,"abstract":"White matter tracts within the central nervous system are organized into ascending and descending pathways that transmit sensory input and motor output, respectively. Tractopathy, or damage to these tracts, can impair sensory or motor functions. Motor neuron diseases are pathologic processes affecting the upper or lower motor neurons. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of acquired motor neuron disease. Traditionally, ALS has affected upper and lower motor neurons of the extremities, torso, and head and neck. There are several ALS variants, some of which affect only the upper motor neurons (eg, primary lateral sclerosis), lower motor neurons (eg, progressive muscular atrophy), or motor neurons of the head and neck (eg, progressive bulbar palsy). Characteristic imaging features of ALS include abnormal T2 hyperintensity within the brain along the corticospinal tract, as well as cortical susceptibility signal intensity along the precentral gyrus, termed the \"motor band\" sign. Spinal muscular atrophy is a less common primary motor neuron disease and appears on images as atrophy of the anterior horn of the spinal cord, as well as proximal muscle atrophy. In addition to pure motor neuron diseases, there are numerous toxic and metabolic conditions, genetic disorders, infectious diseases, and immune-mediated disorders that can secondarily affect the corticospinal tracts (corticospinal tractopathies), producing symptoms of upper motor neuron injury. These tractopathies are visible at MRI as T2-hyperintense lesions along varying segments of the corticospinal tract. A comprehensive diagnostic approach that integrates clinical symptoms with radiologic and laboratory findings is crucial to distinguish among these varied conditions. ©RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article.","PeriodicalId":54512,"journal":{"name":"Radiographics","volume":"45 1","pages":"e240067"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0