Environmental Monitoring and Assessment最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of cooking technologies in energy transition: impacts on pollutant concentrations","authors":"Adriana Gioda,&nbsp;Luiz Felipe de Menezes Correia da Silva,&nbsp;Alex Ruben Huamán De La Cruz","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14155-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-14155-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of firewood in rudimentary stoves remains common in several regions worldwide, including Brazil, leading to high exposure to pollutants. A viable alternative is replacing these stoves with improved models or transitioning to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). This study aimed to evaluate real-time exposure levels to PM₁₀, PM_2.5, CO₂, and HCHO in kitchens using rudimentary, Eco-Efficient, and LPG stoves. Additionally, we discuss energy transition based on Brazilian household fuel use. This study contributes to the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs, SDG3, SDG7, and SDG13), by highlighting the health and environmental benefits of cleaner household energy solutions. The results showed that mean 8-h PM concentrations were significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in houses with rudimentary stoves (210 ± 284 µg m⁻³ for PM₁₀ and 118 ± 213 µg m⁻³ for PM_2.5) compared to Eco-Efficient (64 ± 162 µg m⁻³ for PM₁₀ and 50 ± 284 µg m⁻³ for PM_2.5) and LPG stoves (20 ± 21 µg m⁻³ for PM₁₀ and 10 ± 14 µg m⁻³ for PM_2.5). Formaldehyde concentrations were also higher in kitchens using rudimentary stoves. CO₂ levels were statistically similar across stove types. The Eco-Efficient stove represents a promising alternative, reducing both pollution and firewood consumption, especially for rural communities reliant on biomass. However, LPG remains the preferred option due to its broad distribution and lower emissions. Successful energy transition will require government financial support for low-income households and increased investment in renewable technologies to minimize dependence on fossil fuels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10661-025-14155-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentially toxic elements in artisanal gold mine soils: contamination assessment, spatial distribution and associated risks in Ghana","authors":"Alex Amerh Agbeshie,&nbsp;Richard Awuah,&nbsp;Daniel Adusu,&nbsp;Rechiatu Asei,&nbsp;Prince Kwabena Agyapong,&nbsp;Vicentia Amoako,&nbsp;Precious Baryeh,&nbsp;Adisa Zibilila","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14150-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-14150-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil contamination from toxic elements (TEs) is a prominent issue threatening environmental sustainability and human health. In this study, we assess the impact of illegal gold mining on TE concentrations, and its ecological and human health risks in Atwima Mponua and Amansie West, two illegal mining hotspot districts in the Ashanti region of Ghana. A total of thirty-five composite soil samples were collected, air-dried and analysed for TE (Hg, Pb, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, and Zn) concentrations. The results revealed that TE concentrations ranked as Ni (2.36 mg kg⁻¹) &lt; Hg (9.33 mg kg⁻¹) &lt; As (12.36 mg kg⁻¹) &lt; Cd (17.02 mg kg⁻¹) &lt; Pb (18.22 mg kg⁻¹) &lt; Zn (452.17 mg kg⁻¹) &lt; Cu (530.79 mg kg⁻¹) &lt; Fe (3574.20 mg kg⁻¹). Except for Pb, As, and Ni, all other TEs examined in the study were higher than the WHO/FAO standards. The enrichment and contamination factors and geoaccumulation index revealed that Hg, As, and Cd were the highest contaminants and posed a substantially higher ecological risk. High non-carcinogenic (&gt; 1) and carcinogenic risks (&gt; 1.00E-04) for children than adults were linked to TE-contaminated soils due to illegal gold mining. Arsenic (34–35%) and Hg (27–28%) were the major contributors to non-carcinogenic health risks, whereas As (80–81%) and Ni (18–19%) contributed more to carcinogenic health risks. It is concluded that Hg, As, and Cd are the most lethal TEs in the study area, requiring immediate remediation. Consequently, awareness creation and regular monitoring should be implemented, coupled with epidemiological studies to ascertain disease conditions from illegal gold mining activities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined effects of land use and geology on potentially toxic elements contamination in lacustrine sediments from the Araguaia River floodplain, Brazilian Savanna","authors":"Lucas Cabrera Monteiro,&nbsp;Ludgero Cardoso Galli Vieira,&nbsp;José Vicente Elias Bernardi,&nbsp;Thiago Aluisio Maciel Pereira,&nbsp;Walkimar Aleixo da Costa Júnior,&nbsp;Wesley Pinheiro da Silva,&nbsp;Leonardo Almeida Guerra dos Santos,&nbsp;José Francisco Gonçalves Júnior,&nbsp;João Carlos Nabout,&nbsp;José Alexandre Felizola Diniz Filho,&nbsp;Jeremie Garnier,&nbsp;Cleber Lopes Filomeno,&nbsp;Ronaldo de Almeida,&nbsp;Wanderley Rodrigues Bastos","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14118-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-14118-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Freshwater ecosystems play a fundamental role in maintaining biodiversity and supporting human societies; however, the mobilization of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) poses a significant threat to their integrity. Here, we characterized the elemental composition of the bottom sediments of 72 lakes in the Araguaia River floodplain, a region that has been undergoing large-scale environmental degradation due to the advance of anthropogenic activities. The objectives of this study were to assess the degree of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn contamination in bottom sediments, identify critically contaminated areas, and evaluate the contribution of anthropogenic and natural factors to the distribution of PTEs in the floodplain. The contamination and enrichment factors followed the order of Ni &gt; Cr &gt; Pb &gt; Cu &gt; Zn. Notably, Ni and Cr showed the highest proportions of samples with moderate and significant enrichment, respectively, with a considerable and very high degree of contamination. Critical areas of PTE contamination have been identified in lakes with intense anthropogenic land use and igneous and metamorphic rocks derived from mafic parent materials. All PTEs were strongly correlated with the Mg concentrations in the sediments, which were used here as a proxy for regional geology characterization. Land-use intensity was positively associated with higher Cr and Ni concentrations in sediments. Organic matter content significantly influenced the accumulation of PTEs in sediments (except for Cr). This study offers valuable insights into the sources, distribution, and control of PTE contamination in floodplain lakes, underscoring the importance of sustainable land use management in mitigating contamination risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative estimation and influencing factors of transboundary air pollution from the perspective of regional heterogeneity","authors":"Beidi Diao,&nbsp;Wenhua Lu,&nbsp;Yulong Wang,&nbsp;Ying Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14119-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-14119-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transboundary air pollution (TAP) imposes high health and economic burdens on neighboring regions, further causing the issue of environmental injustice. In this study, changes in PM_2.5 concentrations resulting from TAP across various provinces in China were quantitatively analyzed, and the quadratic assignment procedure (QAP) method was employed to explore influencing factors from a regional heterogeneity perspective, with the aim of reducing the impact of transboundary pollution. The results reveal the following: (1) The impact of TAP continued to decrease in all provinces. Compared with those in other regions, inland central cities were more significantly affected. (2) Hebei and Jiangsu were identified as the primary pollution sources, and they exported significant amounts of pollutants to neighboring provinces. In contrast, Shaanxi and Chongqing were the main recipients. The reason for this finding is that TAP is influenced by both geographical proximity and regional development differences. (3) Disparities in the total factor energy efficiency played a crucial role in determining pollution spillover in the short term. In the long term, reducing the gaps in environmental regulations between regions constituted the core element for mitigating TAP. Additionally, the subregional regression analysis results indicated that differences in the industrial structure positively affected the broker and net spillover sectors. On the basis of these findings, targeted policy recommendations for regional collaboration, balanced spatial development, and differentiated governance were formulated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal variations in rural and urban beach microplastics accumulation in sediment along Sarangani Bay Protected Seascape, Mindanao, the Philippines.","authors":"Arlene S Escañan, Ming-Huang Wang, Frank T Acot, Zy D Perpetua, Recca E Sajorne, Frank Paolo Jay B Albarico, Chiu-Wen Chen, Cheng-Di Dong, Hernando P Bacosa","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14106-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14106-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the seasonal changes in the abundance and composition of microplastics in beach sands from urban and rural beaches along Sarangani Bay Protected Seascape, Mindanao, the Philippines. Sand samples were collected during the wet season (August) and dry season (December) using the quadrat-based protocol, and microplastics were extracted using the flotation method. A total of 110 microplastics were collected, with 87 found in the wet and 23 in the dry seasons. Urban beaches during the wet season (0.047 particles/g) exhibited significantly higher (p < 0.05) microplastics than during the dry season (0.015 particles/g). Microplastics are significantly influenced by seasonal changes, particularly during the rainy season when increased precipitation enhances water flow, facilitating the transport of plastic materials from land sources into aquatic environments, leading to higher microplastic concentrations. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was employed to identify the chemical composition of the microplastics, revealing the primary polymers present, including polyester (23.1%) and polyethylene (23.1%). In urban areas during the wet season, both polyethylene and polyester were the most dominant polymer types, each comprising 37.5% of the total. In contrast, during the dry season, phenoxy resin emerged as the sole dominant polymer type. Rural areas displayed a more varied composition during the wet season, with three polymer types recorded: propylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and butyl methacrylate, each at 33.3%. However, only PET was recorded during the dry season. The highest microplastic abundance was observed in urban beach sediments during the wet season, suggesting urban runoff sources. The findings highlight the influence of human activities on coastal plastic pollution, enhanced by erosion and wet deposition during the wet season. These are crucial to reducing the influx of microplastics, safeguarding the marine ecosystem, and ensuring sustainable coastal environments for future generations.</p>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 6","pages":"687"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) soil extractions and instrumental analysis: large-volume injection liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, EPA Method 1633, and commercial lab results for 40 PFAS in various soils.","authors":"Morgan Eldridge, Jessica LaFond, Todd Anderson, Jennifer Guelfo, W Andrew Jackson","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14138-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-14138-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantifying per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in soil is a crucial part of site evaluations. Several methods are currently used in commercial and academic labs to evaluate PFAS-affected soils, with differences in extraction solvent, extraction method, cleanup procedure, and instrumental analysis among laboratories. This study aims to compare the accuracy and efficiency of a legacy in-house soil extraction method for PFAS with EPA Method 1633 for sample extraction and analysis using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). An aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF)-impacted field soil (Soil A), a \"clean soil\" (Ottawa sand), and a certified reference soil were subjected to both extraction methods. Subsamples of these soils were also submitted to an accredited commercial lab. The commercial lab analyzed samples in accordance with EPA Method 1633 both for extraction and analysis. For comparison, our lab extracted the samples with both EPA Method 1633 and the in-house legacy soil extraction method, followed by a large-volume injection (LVI) adaptation of EPA Method 1633 instrumental analysis method. The EPA Method 1633 followed by LVI analysis quantified slightly more compounds without quality control flags than the legacy extraction method followed by LVI analysis for Soil A and the certified reference soil. Both in-house extractions had 76% of reportable compound concentrations within ± 15% relative standard deviation. The commercial small-volume injection results returned the least number of quality control flags, but quantified fewer compounds at low concentrations. Considering the time and cost of EPA Method 1633 and commercial analysis, this study supports the suitability of the legacy soil extraction method with LVI LC-MS/MS analysis for in-house soil analysis with comparable results to EPA Method 1633 as well as commercial analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 6","pages":"686"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastics in agricultural soils: sources, impacts, and mitigation strategies","authors":"Mohd Mohasin,&nbsp;Khalid Habib,&nbsp;P. Smriti Rao,&nbsp;Mahtab Ahmad,&nbsp;Saba Siddiqui","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14114-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-14114-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plastic particles smaller than 5 mm are known as microplastics, and they are becoming a major ecological and environmental hazard in agricultural soils. These particles come from a variety of sources, such as atmospheric deposition, wastewater irrigation, the breakdown of plastic mulches, and the use of biosolids. Once in the soil, microplastics change the microbial communities, water retention, and soil structure through interactions with physical, chemical, and biological processes. They may worsen soil contamination and possibly introduce harmful substances into the food chain by serving as vectors for organic pollutants and heavy metals. Sustainable agriculture is threatened by the presence of microplastics in agricultural soils, which also endanger crop productivity, ecosystem services, and soil health. Reducing plastic use, switching to biodegradable substitutes, improving waste management procedures, and creating cutting-edge technologies for the removal of microplastics are all examples of mitigation techniques. In order to protect soil health and agricultural sustainability, this review examines the causes, effects, and mitigation techniques of microplastics in agricultural soils, highlighting the necessity of coordinated research and policy interventions. </p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Putting biomonitors to work: native moss as a screening tool for solid waste incineration","authors":"Sarah Jovan,&nbsp;Eleonore Jacobson,&nbsp;Jason M. Unrine,&nbsp;Nasser Jalili-Jahani,&nbsp;Bruce McCune","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14144-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-14144-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10661-025-14144-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anammox at low temperature: effectiveness, mechanisms and prospect of embedding immobilization to enhance AnAOB activity","authors":"Aifang Wang,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Wu,&nbsp;Hejia Sun,&nbsp;Ning Wang,&nbsp;Yonghong Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14170-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-14170-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Low temperature critically restricts the widespread application of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in wastewater treatment by impairing microbial metabolic activity and nitrogen removal efficiency. To address this limitation, embedding immobilization technology (EIT) has emerged as a strategic approach to <i>in-situ</i> enhance the cryotolerance of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB). Here, the efficacy of EIT in revitalizing AnAOB activity under low-temperature, with a focused analysis of its mechanisms, material innovations, and future research priorities are reviewed systematically evaluated. Mechanistic studies reveal that EIT establishes a protective microenvironment, mitigating temperature-induced physiological stress and significantly upregulating key enzymatic activities. Notably, at 10°C, EIT elevates hydrazine dehydrogenase (HDH) and hydrazine synthase (HZS) activities by 67% (0.16 μmol cytochrome-c/(min·mg protein)) and 85% (0.53 nmol/(min·mg protein)), respectively, thereby optimizing nitrogen metabolic flux, achieving stable ammonium removal efficiency (ARE) and nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of ~ 80% and ~ 90%, respectively, at 10–13°C. The effectiveness of EIT is intricately tied to the physicochemical and biological properties of encapsulation materials. Future advancements require targeted optimization of material stability, biocompatibility, and substrate permeability, alongside the integration of functional additives (e.g., conductive polymers, inorganic hybrids) to enhance electron transfer and long-term operational resilience. This review provides a theoretical and practical framework for the application of EIT technology in the low-temperature resistance of anammox.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluoride contamination in plum and peach orchards and its impact on earthworm growth and reproduction","authors":"Muhammad Nauman Ahmad,&nbsp;Shah Saud,&nbsp;Afia Zia,&nbsp;Muhammad Baseer Us Salam,&nbsp;Somaira Bibi,&nbsp;Ayaz AlI Khan,&nbsp;Tariq Aziz,&nbsp;Saleh A. Alghamdi,&nbsp;Abdulhakeem S. Alamri,&nbsp;Majid Alhomrani","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14187-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-14187-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated fluoride contamination in plum (<i>Prunus domestica</i>) and peach (<i>Prunus persica</i>) orchards near brick kilns in Urmar, Peshawar, Pakistan, and its impact on the growth and reproduction of <i>Eisenia fetida</i> spp. of earthworms. Soil and leaf samples (<i>n</i> = 24 per site, 12 per orchard) were collected from a test site within 500 m of brick kilns and a control site 30 km away. Fluoride levels, analyzed using ion-selective electrodes, were significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) at the test site, with soil concentrations of 13.5 µg/g (peach) and 13.0 µg/g (plum) compared to 2.57 µg/g and 2.50 µg/g at the control site, and leaf concentrations of 68.57 μg/g (peach) and 31.0 μg/g (plum) versus 5.23 µg/g and 4.86 µg/g at the control site. Earthworms exposed to contaminated, non-contaminated, and control treatments showed significant reductions in biomass (1.37–2.88 g), length (10.18–13.37 mm), and cocoon production (6.25–30.25) in fluoride-contaminated treatments compared to controls (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05, ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD). Elevated fluoride levels, attributed to brick kiln emissions, impaired earthworm growth and reproduction, threatening soil health. Regular monitoring and mitigation strategies are recommended to manage fluoride pollution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}