Environmental Monitoring and Assessment最新文献

{"title":"Fluoride: a double-edged sword in public health and environmental toxicology.","authors":"Maísa Rizzotto Sotili, Tatiana Staudt, Diênifer Tramontina, Nathalia de Souza Rodrigues, Gabriele Luiza Alba, Vitória Citolin Crestani, Hamid Omidian, Charise Dallazem Bertol","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14175-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14175-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluoride exposure has raised global concerns due to its potential neurodevelopmental, systemic, and ecological impacts. This review consolidates advancements in fluoride toxicity, highlighting molecular mechanisms like mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy disruption, and epigenetic alterations. Prenatal exposure is linked to cognitive deficits, while systemic effects include renal, hepatic, and thyroid dysfunction. Novel therapeutic strategies, such as natural compounds and microbiota modulation, offer promise, but translational barriers persist. Real-world co-exposures amplify toxicity, underscoring the need for interdisciplinary research. Environmental contamination challenges demand innovative remediation and global policy reform. This review identifies key knowledge gaps, advocating for longitudinal studies, multi-omics integration, and sustainable interventions to mitigate fluoride's health burden and ecological risks. These findings lay a foundation for targeted public health strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 7","pages":"710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Source profiling, pollution and health risk assessment of heavy metals in agricultural soils around an industrial cluster using PCA and GIS-assisted PMF.","authors":"Zahid Bashir, Deep Raj, Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14135-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14135-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The continuous release of heavy metals (HMs) from nearby industries leads to the contamination of surrounding agricultural areas. This study employed an integrated approach, combining contamination factor (CF), enrichment factor (EF) and geo-accumulation index (I_geo) for pollution assessment, alongside source apportionment using principal component analysis (PCA) and Geographic Information System (GIS)-based positive matrix factorization (PMF), to evaluate HM contamination in agricultural soils of the northeast Guntur district, India. The mean concentrations of HMs, Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni, Cd and Pb exceeded the Indian natural background soil values by 2.59, 1.21, 2.24, 2.09, 1.15 and 1.4 respectively. Pollution indices revealed high contamination for Ni (CF = 2.21) and Cr (CF = 2.05), with Cr showing moderate enrichment (EF ≈ 1.5) and contamination (I_geo = 0.75). PCA identified three components explaining 78.37% of the total variation while GIS-based PMF identified industrial discharges, waste incineration, agriculture and vehicular and industrial emissions as pollution sources. Ni, Cu and Cr were identified as the primary contaminants, with industrial emissions, vehicular traffic and agricultural activities as key contributors to HM pollution. Cr accounted for ~ 80% of the total hazard index, posing significant non-carcinogenic risks for children via ingestion. Carcinogenic risks through ingestion of Ni and Cr were 2.8 and 1.9 times higher than acceptable levels for adults and 3.9 and 2.6 times higher than acceptable levels for children. Additionally, the high bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Lantana viburnoides (Forssk.) with a BCF of 18.29 for Cd suggests a potential environmental hazard. It is imperative to monitor emissions rigorously to safeguard soil quality and optimize industry standards in this region.</p>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 7","pages":"711"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracting XCO₂-NASA data with XCODEX: a Python package designed for data extraction and structuration.","authors":"Henrique Fontellas Laurito, Thaís Rayane Gomes da Silva, Newton La Scala, Glauco de Souza Rolim","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14174-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14174-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurately monitoring atmospheric carbon dioxide (XCO₂) is fundamental to advancing climate change research. However, the intricate netCDF4 data format used by NASA's OCO-2 satellite complicates efficient data extraction and organization, limiting researchers' ability to fully utilize these datasets. To address this challenge, we developed XCODEX, a user-friendly Python package that automates the retrieval and structuring of daily XCO₂ measurements from OCO-2 data. XCODEX processes raw files by defining variables, matching dates, and extracting targeted data points for multiple geographic locations, while minimizing missing data through intelligent reprocessing. Validation against ground-based TCCON measurements and Mauna Loa observations demonstrated high accuracy and reliability, with adjusted R² values above 0.97 and root mean square errors below 1 ppm. Additionally, a regional analysis of XCO₂ concentrations was conducted across 10 sites worldwide, including locations in both the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere. This analysis revealed significant regional differences with a consistent rising trend of approximately 2.4 ppm per year, aligned with global increases in atmospheric CO₂ influenced by natural and anthropogenic factors. By streamlining data handling and providing results in accessible Pandas DataFrame formats, XCODEX empowers researchers to focus on analytical insights rather than data preprocessing challenges. This package represents a valuable tool for global carbon cycle studies and contributes to improved environmental monitoring and climate modeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 7","pages":"712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline oxidative stress responses and cytochrome P450 gene expression in Tympanotonos fuscatus from PAH-contaminated ecosystem in the Niger Delta, Nigeria.","authors":"Amarachi Paschaline Onyena, Cathrine Sumathi Manohar, Lawrance Irudayarajan, Joseph A Nkwoji, Lucian O Chukwu","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14120-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14120-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pervasive contamination of aquatic ecosystems by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) poses risks to benthic macroinvertebrates. This study investigates Tympanotonos fuscatus biochemical and molecular responses to PAH exposure in Chanomi Creek to assess its biomarker potential. Tissue samples were collected from two stations with varying PAH levels and analyzed for PAH concentrations, oxidative stress biomarkers, and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) gene expression. PAH concentrations were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), while oxidative stress biomarkers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), guaiacol peroxidase (GPx), ascorbate peroxidase (APx), glutathione reductase (GR), and malondialdehyde (MDA), were quantified spectrophotometrically. CYP450 gene expression was assessed through real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Mean PAH concentrations were 0.42 ± 0.63 mg/kg (Station A) and 0.60 ± 1.16 mg/kg (Station B) in the sampling stations. Significant correlations were observed between CAT and MDA (r = 0.64, P < 0.05), suggesting increased oxidative stress due to PAH bioaccumulation. Furthermore, MDA levels correlated positively with CYP450 gene expression (r = 0.89), reinforcing the role of PAH metabolism in oxidative damage. CYP450 expression was upregulated at Station A and downregulated at Station B, though differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The observed biochemical alterations indicate cellular stress responses to PAH exposure, yet the variability in CYP450 expression suggests additional regulatory mechanisms. This study highlights T. fuscatus as a potential bioindicator of PAH contamination, though further validation through controlled exposure experiments and seasonal monitoring is required to establish its biomonitoring efficacy. These findings provide critical insights into PAH-induced biochemical and molecular responses, supporting improved ecosystem assessment and management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 7","pages":"717"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A topological approach in analyzing the shifts in air pollutants' dynamics pre- and post-COVID-19 lockdown era.","authors":"Vine Nwabuisi Madukpe, Chukwuma Bright Ugoala, Nkechi Nnadi, Nur Fariha Syaqina Zulkepli","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14159-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14159-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic, which intensified in early 2020, disrupted global activities and significantly impacted human behavior, leading to changes in air pollutant behavior that were ambiguous. These shifts introduced complex variations in urban air quality. This study aims to investigate whether air pollutants' behaviors post-COVID-19 lockdown have reverted to pre-lockdown patterns or if the lockdown-induced changes have persisted. Daily concentrations of five key pollutants, PM₁₀, PM_2.5, NO₂, CO, and O₃, recorded at 500 monitoring stations across the United States between 2017 and 2023 were analyzed. Utilizing the Mapper algorithm, a topological data analysis (TDA) method, yearly topological networks were constructed to visualize pollutant dynamics. The structure of these networks was further examined using degree distribution line plots and network density metrics. Results revealed widespread disruptions in pollutant patterns during the 2020 lockdown across all pollutants. While most pollutants exhibited varying degrees of reversion to pre-lockdown behavior in subsequent years, O₃ displayed a distinct and persistent new structural pattern, and CO demonstrated only subtle changes. These findings highlight the importance of the qualitative TDA approach in uncovering hidden patterns in complex air quality data, complementing traditional statistical methods and offering insight into the long-term impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on air pollutant behavior, potentially informing future environmental policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 7","pages":"719"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LULC changes in Türkiye's mountains for the 2000-2022 period and its implications on national GHG emissions.","authors":"Ayhan Ateşoğlu, Yusuf Serengil, Hüseyin Şensoy, F Şevval Bulut","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14136-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14136-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given the ecological significance and extensive coverage of mountainous regions in Türkiye, this study evaluates the effects of land use and land cover (LULC) changes in these areas on national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions between 2000 and 2022. Collect Earth (CE), an open-source program developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), was used to monitor the LULC changes. Collect Earth monitoring relies on high-resolution imagery from Google Earth and Bing Maps, enabling detailed plot-level assessments from local to national scales. The coefficients and emission factors to estimate GHG emission and removals were taken from the most recent National GHG Inventory Report (NIR) to ensure consistency and comparability. The land monitoring system revealed that 60.96 million hectares, constituting more than three-fourths of the country, are classified as mountainous. During the monitoring period, the settlement was the land use class with the most significant proportional increase (30.36%), mainly consuming cropland and grassland. Our results revealed that cropland (0.05%) and grassland (2.19%) areas shrank, while forestland (0.28%) and reservoir areas (6.03%) increased since the year 2000. Even though net forest cover (afforestation-deforestation) increased by around 59.3 Kha, the sole forest-related conversions increased the GHG emissions by 25.1 Mt CO₂eq. The total effect of LULC changes on the GHG balance was a net 47.1 Mt CO₂eq of emissions. Thus, LULC changes in Türkiye's mountainous areas acted as a net emission source, adding over 2 MtCO₂eq annually during the 20-year period.</p>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 7","pages":"715"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollution load of bisphenol a in the effluent of plastic recycling industries in the coastal areas of Southern Caspian Sea.","authors":"Sepideh Keshtkar Sahnsarayi, Fatemeh Shariati, Hasan Karimzadegan","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14102-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14102-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The release of pollutants, especially bisphenol A, the most important endocrine disruptor, from plastic recycling industries is critical. This study aims to examine the pollution load of bisphenol A (BPA) in the effluent of plastic recycling facilities located in the coastal provinces of the southern Caspian Sea to achieve a comprehensive understanding of their release into the environment. Physicochemical factors (Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and pH) were measured as influential factors. BPA measurement was conducted using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after extraction. The average concentration of BPA, BOD, COD, and pH value in the effluent of recycling units without treatment was 0.24 ppb, 2502.33 mg/L, 8497.61 mg/L and 7.44, and with treatment was 0.13 ppb, 353.3 mg/L, 1201.43 mg/L and 6.92, respectively. The highest concentration of BPA is related to the effluent of the untreated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) unit in Gilan province (0.71 ppb), which indicated the effect of the treatment in the reduction of pollutants. A positive correlation was observed between COD with BPA concentration (P < 0.05). The ecological risk of BPA for the effluent of PET units without treatment was 0.11 ppb which was in moderate ecological risk and higher than the others.</p>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 7","pages":"716"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of nitrothal-isopropyl and endosulfan from wastewater using modified coffee grounds by diethylenetriamine nanocomposites: adsorption kinetics and density functional theory study.","authors":"Dereje Fedasa Tegegn, Habtamu Zewude Belachew","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14113-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14113-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Water pollution containing high concentrations of organic pollutants such as nitrothal-isopropyl and endosulfan is a serious concern in the environment because both are implicated in the eutrophication of receiving water. Nitrothal-isopropyl and endosulfan are two main organic pollutants that cause water eutrophication. In this study, modified coffee grounds-diethylenetriamine (MCG-DETA) nanocomposites used as a strong bio-adsorbent for the removal of nitrothal-isopropyl and endosulfan from wastewater were investigated. The aim of this study is to recycle coffee grounds and prepare MCG-DETA nanocomposites for the adsorption of nitrothal-isopropyl and endosulfan compounds. Nitrothal-isopropyl has an optimal adsorption capacity of 35.74 mg/g, while endosulfan has an optimal adsorption capacity of 19.21 mg/g. For nitrothal-isopropyl and endosulfan adsorption, the Freundlich isotherm model was suitable. MCG-DETA can serve as a potential low-cost adsorbent to remove nitrothal-isopropyl and endosulfan organic pollutants from wastewater. According to density functional theory calculations, electrostatic interactions between nitrothal-isopropyl and endosulfan with modified coffee grounds were verified. DFT calculation reveals that the calculated adsorption energy of nithrothal-isopropyl is -0.349 eV which is greater than that of endosulfan, -0.219 eV. The highest possibility of the attraction between modified coffee grounds and nitrothal-isopropyl was between -COOH in modified coffee grounds and -NO₂ in nitrothal-isopropyl. In addition, the attraction of modified coffee grounds and endosulfan is due to the COOH and NH₂ in modified coffee grounds and sulfonyl and halide in endosulfan. This effort enhanced researchers' thoughtfulness in the elimination of the mentioned organic pollutants from wastewater by using MCG-DETA nanocomposites experimentally and theoretically via density functional theory.</p>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 6","pages":"705"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentially toxic elements in urban soils across functional zones: risk assessment, sources, and spatial distribution (Ufa City, Russia).","authors":"Azamat Suleymanov, Timur Nizamutdinov, Andrey Kulagin, Ruslan Suleymanov, Evgeny Abakumov, Nicolas P A Saby, Marija Yurkevich, Olga Bakhmet, Iren Tuktarova, Larisa Belan, Ruslan Shagaliev, Azamat Nigmatullin","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14137-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14137-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pervasive contamination of urban soils, varying across city zones, demands urgent remediation strategies tailored to specific local conditions. In this study, we examined the concentrations of seven potentially toxic elements (PTEs) within urban functional zones. For these purposes, we collected a 250 topsoil samples from six major urban functional zones: (1) public (business), (2) recreational, (3) residential, (4) industrial, (5) gardening, and (6) transport zones. Statistical and geostatistical (variogram analyses and ordinary kriging) techniques were employed to study and evaluate the spatial distribution of PTEs. Results showed that the average PTE concentrations were higher than corresponding background levels and below the maximum and approximate permissible limits (MPC, APC), although some samples exceeded these limits. Exceedance of normative levels was most prevalent for Cu, Ni, and Zn, specifically in public (for Cu and Zn), recreational (for Ni and Zn), residential (for Cu and Zn), and industrial areas (for Zn). According to several pollution indices, the overall levels of pollution were low and not dangerous. We found a positive correlation between Pb and Zn (r = 0.51). PTEs demonstrated strong (Ni), moderate (Pb, Cu, Zn), and weak (Cd, As, Hg) spatial correlation, while maps showed elevated concentrations for most PTEs in industrial zones. These findings suggest that PTEs are impacted by both natural sources and multiple external contamination factors. Our study revealed that some PTEs varied across urban zones, prompting us to take this information into account in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 6","pages":"703"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144186178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastic contamination and ecological risk in a riverine system: A case study from the Valvanti River, Goa, India.","authors":"Shritesh Mhapsekar, Niyati Kalangutkar, Nitesh Joshi","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14168-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14168-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics (MPs) are emerging global pollutants of critical environmental concern due to their widespread distribution and ecological impact. Although numerous studies have focused on marine and estuarine ecosystems, riverine systems- particularly in Goa, remain underexplored. This research presents a comprehensive assessment of MP contamination in the Valvanti River, North Goa, including an evaluation of MP abundance, physical characteristics, polymer composition, ecological risks, surface degradation, and heavy metal associations. MP concentrations in surface water ranged from 1.1 to 7.5 MPs/L, with an average (± SD) of 2.91 ± 1.69 MPs/L. The majority were colourless (70.49%) and fibrous in shape (96.9%). MPs within the 0.1-0.3 mm size range were most common (40.53%), followed by 0.3-0.85 mm (37.50%) and 0.85-5 mm (21.97%). Polymer analysis revealed polypropylene (27.86%), polyamide (26.10%), polyethylene terephthalate (25.20%), and polyethylene (16.59%) as dominant types. Risk assessments using the Pollution Load Index (PLI = 1.53), Polymer Hazard Index (hazard level V), and Potential Ecological Risk Index (464.4) indicated that, despite moderate MP concentrations, the river is subject to high ecological risk. Surface analysis through SEM-EDS showed evidence of degradation and the presence of elemental contaminants, indicating potential chemical interactions that may heighten environmental threats. Given the importance of rivers as pathways for MPs to marine environments, these findings underscore the need for regular monitoring and mitigation strategies. This study provides the first detailed ecological risk assessment of MPs in the Valvanti River and offers critical insights into freshwater contamination within an underexplored riverine system of Goa.</p>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 6","pages":"706"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}