Emilia Nunzi, Marilena Pariano, Claudio Costantini, Enrico Garaci, Paolo Puccetti, Luigina Romani
{"title":"Host-microbe serotonin metabolism.","authors":"Emilia Nunzi, Marilena Pariano, Claudio Costantini, Enrico Garaci, Paolo Puccetti, Luigina Romani","doi":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.07.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.07.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a result of a long evolutionary history, serotonin plays a variety of physiological roles, including neurological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and endocrine functions. While many of these activities can be accommodated within the serotoninergic activity, recent findings have revealed an unsuspected role of serotonin in orchestrating host and microbial dialogue at the tryptophan dining table, to the benefit of local and systemic homeostasis. Herein we review the dual role of serotonin at the host-microbe interface and discuss how unraveling the interconnections among the host and microbial pathways of tryptophan degradation may help to accommodate the versatility of serotonin in physiology and pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":54415,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"83-95"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tim Gruber, Franziska Lechner, Jean-Philippe Krieger, Cristina García-Cáceres
{"title":"Neuroendocrine gut-brain signaling in obesity.","authors":"Tim Gruber, Franziska Lechner, Jean-Philippe Krieger, Cristina García-Cáceres","doi":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The past decades have witnessed the rise and fall of several, largely unsuccessful, therapeutic attempts to bring the escalating obesity pandemic to a halt. Looking back to look ahead, the field has now put its highest hopes in translating insights from how the gastrointestinal (GI) tract communicates with the brain to calibrate behavior, physiology, and metabolism. A major focus of this review is to summarize the latest advances in comprehending the neuroendocrine aspects of this so-called 'gut-brain axis' and to explore novel concepts, cutting-edge technologies, and recent paradigm-shifting experiments. These exciting insights continue to refine our understanding of gut-brain crosstalk and are poised to promote the development of additional therapeutic avenues at the dawn of a new era of antiobesity therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":54415,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"42-54"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141184966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miguel López, Carlos Diéguez, Manuel Tena-Sempere, Ismael González-García
{"title":"Ceramides in the central control of metabolism.","authors":"Miguel López, Carlos Diéguez, Manuel Tena-Sempere, Ismael González-García","doi":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Central ceramides regulate energy metabolism by impacting hypothalamic neurons. This allows ceramides to integrate endocrine signals - such as leptin, ghrelin, thyroid hormones, or estradiol - and to modulate the central control of puberty. In this forum article we discuss recent evidence suggesting that specific ceramide species and neuronal populations are involved in these effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":54415,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"11-14"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141555984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Non-SCFA microbial metabolites associated with fiber fermentation and host health.","authors":"Erica T Grant, Hélène De Franco, Mahesh S Desai","doi":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dietary fiber is degraded by commensal gut microbes to yield host-beneficial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), but personalized responses to fiber supplementation highlight a role for other microbial metabolites in shaping host health. In this review we summarize recent findings from dietary fiber intervention studies describing health impacts attributed to microbial metabolites other than SCFAs, particularly secondary bile acids (2°BAs), aromatic amino acid derivatives, neurotransmitters, and B vitamins. We also discuss shifts in microbial metabolism occurring through altered maternal dietary fiber intake and agricultural practices, which warrant further investigation. To optimize the health benefits of dietary fibers, it is essential to survey a range of metabolites and adapt recommendations on a personalized basis, according to the different functional aspects of the microbiome.</p>","PeriodicalId":54415,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"70-82"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141592102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christoph Buettner, Kenichi Sakamoto, Mary A Butera
{"title":"Why do some individuals with obesity remain metabolically healthy?","authors":"Christoph Buettner, Kenichi Sakamoto, Mary A Butera","doi":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.06.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.06.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A recent study by Peterson et al. that characterized individuals with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) in depth provides insights into the potential pathogenesis of MUO that accounts for much of the cardiometabolic disease and excess mortality caused by the obesity epidemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":54415,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11693770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141499648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jorge R Soliz-Rueda, Cristina Cuesta-Marti, Siobhain M O'Mahony, Gerard Clarke, Harriët Schellekens, Begoña Muguerza
{"title":"Gut microbiota and eating behaviour in circadian syndrome.","authors":"Jorge R Soliz-Rueda, Cristina Cuesta-Marti, Siobhain M O'Mahony, Gerard Clarke, Harriët Schellekens, Begoña Muguerza","doi":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eating behaviour and circadian rhythms are closely related. The type, timing, and quantity of food consumed, and host circadian rhythms, directly influence the intestinal microbiota, which in turn impacts host circadian rhythms and regulates food intake beyond homeostatic eating. This Opinion discusses the impact of food intake and circadian disruptions induced by an obesogenic environment on gut-brain axis signalling. We also explore potential mechanisms underlying the effects of altered gut microbiota on food intake behaviour and circadian rhythmicity. Understanding the crosstalk between gut microbiota, circadian rhythms, and unhealthy eating behaviour is crucial to addressing the obesity epidemic, which remains one of the biggest societal challenges of our time.</p>","PeriodicalId":54415,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"15-28"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141879809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julia An, Ariel S Thorson, David H Wasserman, John M Stafford, Lin Zhu
{"title":"Sex- and endurance training-mediated cardiovascular protection through lipids during exercise.","authors":"Julia An, Ariel S Thorson, David H Wasserman, John M Stafford, Lin Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Premenopausal women and endurance-trained individuals of either sex have reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Endurance training shifts fuel selection towards fats to spare carbohydrates; interestingly, women prioritize fats as an energy resource more than men do during exercise. Relying on fats during exercise drives whole-body lipolysis and promotes lipid uptake and oxidation capacity in skeletal muscles. These metabolic adaptations during exercise result in protection against diet-induced obesity, a healthy body fat distribution, and reduced plasma triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations. Here, we analyze how sex differences and endurance training mediate changes in skeletal muscles, including exercise-induced lipolysis, lipid uptake and β-oxidation, intramuscular TG storage, and postexercise lipid metabolism, and discuss how regulating this processes affects CVD risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":54415,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lipids guide T cell antitumor immunity by shaping their metabolic and functional fitness.","authors":"Letizia Rumiano, Teresa Manzo","doi":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.11.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2024.11.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipids are metabolic messengers essential for energy production, membrane structure, and signal transduction. Beyond their recognized role, lipids have emerged as metabolic rheostats of T cell responses, with distinct species differentially modulating CD8+ T cell (CTL) fate and function. Indeed, lipids can influence T cell signaling by altering their membrane composition; in addition, they can affect the differentiation path of T cells through cellular metabolism. This Review discusses the ability of lipids to shape T cell phenotypes and functions. Based on this link between lipid metabolism, metabolic fitness and immunosurveillance, we suggest that lipid could be rationally integrated in the context of immunotherapies to fine-tune fitness and function of adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) products.</p>","PeriodicalId":54415,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epigenetic inheritance of PCOS by developmental programming and germline transmission.","authors":"Elisabet Stener-Victorin, Qiaolin Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder, affecting approximately 11-13% of women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS experience a higher prevalence of infertility, pregnancy complications, and cardiometabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, psychiatric comorbidities, including depression and anxiety, significantly impact the quality of life in this population. Although obesity exacerbates these health risks, the exact etiology and pathophysiology of PCOS remain complex and only partially understood. Emerging research suggests potential transgenerational inheritance through genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, highlighting the possibility of PCOS-related risks affecting subsequent generations, including sons. This review synthesizes recent findings on PCOS inheritance patterns and underscores areas for future clinical and research exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":54415,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can ferroptosis be a target for reproductive health?","authors":"Mengchun Hu, Yingying Qin, Xue Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.11.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2024.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ferroptosis has been implicated in several reproductive disorders, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown; thus, interventions targeting this pathway are lacking. Here we summarize the emerging findings on ferroptosis in reproductive biology and corresponding disorders, and highlight perspectives and challenges on future ferroptosis research with potential clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":54415,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}