Trends in GeneticsPub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-05-11DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2024.04.008
Ting Qi, Liyang Song, Yazhou Guo, Chang Chen, Jian Yang
{"title":"From genetic associations to genes: methods, applications, and challenges.","authors":"Ting Qi, Liyang Song, Yazhou Guo, Chang Chen, Jian Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tig.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified numerous genetic loci associated with human traits and diseases. However, pinpointing the causal genes remains a challenge, which impedes the translation of GWAS findings into biological insights and medical applications. In this review, we provide an in-depth overview of the methods and technologies used for prioritizing genes from GWAS loci, including gene-based association tests, integrative analysis of GWAS and molecular quantitative trait loci (xQTL) data, linking GWAS variants to target genes through enhancer-gene connection maps, and network-based prioritization. We also outline strategies for generating context-dependent xQTL data and their applications in gene prioritization. We further highlight the potential of gene prioritization in drug repurposing. Lastly, we discuss future challenges and opportunities in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"642-667"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140908983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in GeneticsPub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-06-15DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2024.06.001
Daniel F Hughes
{"title":"A personality SNP? Behavioral genetics in African cichlids.","authors":"Daniel F Hughes","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tig.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Speciation is familiar in radiations, but personality is not. In a recent article, Sommer-Trembo et al. linked exploratory behavior in African cichlids to a SNP in the promoter of a gene, the homolog of which is associated with human personality disorders, offering clues about the first fish of this radiation, with implications for vertebrate evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"633-635"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in GeneticsPub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2024.05.003
Sou Tomimoto, Akiko Satake
{"title":"Tropical trees inherit low-frequency somatic mutations.","authors":"Sou Tomimoto, Akiko Satake","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tig.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new study by Schmitt et al. revealed that somatic mutations in tropical trees are passed on to their offspring. Furthermore, the study noted that the majority of inherited mutations were present at low allelic frequencies within the tree.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"636-637"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141629270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in GeneticsPub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-05-08DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2024.04.003
Johan A den Boon, Masaki Nishikiori, Hong Zhan, Paul Ahlquist
{"title":"Positive-strand RNA virus genome replication organelles: structure, assembly, control.","authors":"Johan A den Boon, Masaki Nishikiori, Hong Zhan, Paul Ahlquist","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2024.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tig.2024.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Positive-strand RNA [(+)RNA] viruses include pandemic SARS-CoV-2, tumor-inducing hepatitis C virus, debilitating chikungunya virus (CHIKV), lethal encephalitis viruses, and many other major pathogens. (+)RNA viruses replicate their RNA genomes in virus-induced replication organelles (ROs) that also evolve new viral species and variants by recombination and mutation and are crucial virus control targets. Recent cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) reveals that viral RNA replication proteins form striking ringed 'crowns' at RO vesicle junctions with the cytosol. These crowns direct RO vesicle formation, viral (-)RNA and (+)RNA synthesis and capping, innate immune escape, and transfer of progeny (+)RNA genomes into translation and encapsidation. Ongoing studies are illuminating crown assembly, sequential functions, host factor interactions, etc., with significant implications for control and beneficial uses of viruses.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"681-693"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in GeneticsPub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-05-22DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2024.04.012
Anupam K Mondal, Mohita Gaur, Jayshree Advani, Anand Swaroop
{"title":"Epigenome-metabolism nexus in the retina: implications for aging and disease.","authors":"Anupam K Mondal, Mohita Gaur, Jayshree Advani, Anand Swaroop","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2024.04.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tig.2024.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intimate links between epigenome modifications and metabolites allude to a crucial role of cellular metabolism in transcriptional regulation. Retina, being a highly metabolic tissue, adapts by integrating inputs from genetic, epigenetic, and extracellular signals. Precise global epigenomic signatures guide development and homeostasis of the intricate retinal structure and function. Epigenomic and metabolic realignment are hallmarks of aging and highlight a link of the epigenome-metabolism nexus with aging-associated multifactorial traits affecting the retina, including age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma. Here, we focus on emerging principles of epigenomic and metabolic control of retinal gene regulation, with emphasis on their contribution to human disease. In addition, we discuss potential mitigation strategies involving lifestyle changes that target the epigenome-metabolome relationship for maintaining retinal function.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"718-729"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11303112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141088491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in GeneticsPub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-06-15DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2024.05.009
Ashwini V Mohan, Paula Escuer, Camille Cornet, Kay Lucek
{"title":"A three-dimensional genomics view for speciation research.","authors":"Ashwini V Mohan, Paula Escuer, Camille Cornet, Kay Lucek","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2024.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tig.2024.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genomic information is folded in a three-dimensional (3D) structure, a rarely explored evolutionary driver of speciation. Technological advances now enable the study of 3D genome structures (3DGSs) across the Tree of Life. At the onset of 3D speciation genomics, we discuss the putative roles of 3DGSs in speciation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"638-641"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in GeneticsPub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2024.04.009
Abdella M Habib, James J Cox, Andrei L Okorokov
{"title":"Out of the dark: the emerging roles of lncRNAs in pain.","authors":"Abdella M Habib, James J Cox, Andrei L Okorokov","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2024.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tig.2024.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dark genome, the nonprotein-coding part of the genome, is replete with long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). These functionally versatile transcripts, with specific temporal and spatial expression patterns, are critical gene regulators that play essential roles in health and disease. In recent years, FAAH-OUT was identified as the first lncRNA associated with an inherited human pain insensitivity disorder. Several other lncRNAs have also been studied for their contribution to chronic pain and genome-wide association studies are frequently identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms that map to lncRNAs. For a long time overlooked, lncRNAs are coming out of the dark and into the light as major players in human pain pathways and as potential targets for new RNA-based analgesic medicines.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"694-705"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The ribosome’s comeback: new role in body weight regulation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2024.07.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2024.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The recent discovery of an association between ribosomal DNA (rDNA) copy number and body mass index (BMI) by <span><span>Law <em>et al.</em></span><svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"><path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795H5.89111V2.90281L0.784057 8L0 7.21635L5.11902 2.1072H1.12949Z\"></path></svg></span> sheds light on a possible role of 45S rDNA in body-weight regulation. This finding opens new avenues for further investigations into the effect of rDNA on various human phenotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in GeneticsPub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.1016/s0168-9525(24)00140-9
{"title":"Subscription and Copyright Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s0168-9525(24)00140-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9525(24)00140-9","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141569420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in GeneticsPub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.1016/s0168-9525(24)00137-9
{"title":"Advisory Board and Contents","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s0168-9525(24)00137-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9525(24)00137-9","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141569419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}