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Trends in large-scale human population cohorts. 大规模人群队列的趋势。
IF 12.9 2区 生物学
Trends in Genetics Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2026.08.002
Xiaoxi Jing, Zeqi Yan, Shuo Zhang, Yajie Zhao
{"title":"Trends in large-scale human population cohorts.","authors":"Xiaoxi Jing, Zeqi Yan, Shuo Zhang, Yajie Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2026.08.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2026.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a foundational infrastructure of biomedical research, large-scale human population cohorts have undergone rapid progress over the past decades. Driven by advances in high-throughput omics technologies, widespread adoption of electronic health records, and the emergence of artificial intelligence, these cohorts now integrate deep molecular profiling with longitudinal real-world data at an unprecedented scale. This transformation has shifted cohort research from primarily descriptive association studies toward mechanistic discovery, refined risk stratification, and genetically informed therapeutic development. In parallel, cohort initiatives are expanding globally beyond Western populations, accompanied by increasingly diverse funding, governance, and data-sharing models. Here, we review the major transformative trends shaping large-scale human population cohorts and discuss how these resources are redefining disease biology, translational research, and the future of precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Histone tail mutants: versatile tools for decoding chromatin, development, and disease. 组蛋白尾部突变体：解码染色质、发育和疾病的多功能工具。
IF 12.9 2区 生物学
Trends in Genetics Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2026.08.001
Masaki Yagi, Xiangle Ren, Konrad Hochedlinger
{"title":"Histone tail mutants: versatile tools for decoding chromatin, development, and disease.","authors":"Masaki Yagi, Xiangle Ren, Konrad Hochedlinger","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2026.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tig.2026.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Histone modifications have been associated with transcriptional regulation, development, and disease, yet their direct functional roles remain incompletely understood due to the redundancy and promiscuity of cognate histone-modifying enzymes. Experimental strategies based on cis- or trans-acting histone mutants, including lysine-to-methionine (K-to-M) substitutions of histone H3 and other cancer-associated oncohistone variants, enable direct interrogation of individual chromatin marks and circumvent potentially confounding effects of histone-modifying enzyme knockouts. Here, we review how histone mutants have been leveraged to uncover novel principles by which chromatin pathways govern physiological, pathological, and experimental cell fate transitions and discuss the ways in which these discoveries could be exploited in the future for therapeutic benefit.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13523005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Uncovering an adaptive immune hallmark of extreme longevity. 揭示了极度长寿的适应性免疫标志。
IF 12.9 2区 生物学
Trends in Genetics Pub Date : 2026-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.009
Pingzhang Wang
{"title":"Uncovering an adaptive immune hallmark of extreme longevity.","authors":"Pingzhang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a recent paper, Hashimoto et al. used single-cell profiling to reveal that supercentenarians harbor expanded, nonexhausted CD4<sup>+</sup> cytotoxic T lymphocytes. These cells retain potent cytotoxicity and functional plasticity, suggesting an adaptive immune restructuring to manage persistent MHC class II-restricted antigens, potentially contributing to their exceptional healthy aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148801707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
'Tango' or 'tangle' in transcriptional condensates. “Tango”或“tangle”在转录凝聚体中。
IF 12.9 2区 生物学
Trends in Genetics Pub Date : 2026-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.008
Yixuan Pan, Bing Li
{"title":"'Tango' or 'tangle' in transcriptional condensates.","authors":"Yixuan Pan, Bing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transcription is organized through a continuum of protein-protein interactions spanning from highly specific, stoichiometric assemblies to dynamic, multivalent contacts. In this review, we summarize structural, biochemical, and functional evidence; discuss transcriptional regulation both within and beyond condensate-based models; and introduce a conceptual framework in which structured core complexes and intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) act in concert to choreograph the spatiotemporal control of RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II). While transcriptional condensates represent one important mechanism, we discuss additional IDR-mediated allosteric regulation, context-dependent conformations, and post-translational-modification-sensitive tuning. We propose that initiation and splicing are shaped by a stochastic 'tangle', whereas elongation hubs rely on a precise molecular 'tango' between ordered and disordered elements within an RNA Pol II superassembly paradigm.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148801660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rethinking evidence for epigenetic inheritance in human research. 重新思考人类研究中的表观遗传证据。
IF 12.9 2区 生物学
Trends in Genetics Pub Date : 2026-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.007
Solveig Løkhammer, Charlotte A M Cecil, Astanand Jugessur, Stéphanie Le Hellard, Isabelle M Mansuy
{"title":"Rethinking evidence for epigenetic inheritance in human research.","authors":"Solveig Løkhammer, Charlotte A M Cecil, Astanand Jugessur, Stéphanie Le Hellard, Isabelle M Mansuy","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In multicellular organisms, epigenetic inheritance is a process by which traits induced by life experiences or environmental factors in a parent are passed to offspring without involving changes in the DNA sequence, but rather in the epigenome. While epigenetic inheritance is evident in many species, from plants to rodents, it remains unproven in humans because of biological barriers, methodological complexity, and the difficulty of disentangling environmental from social and genetic factors. The unique human context of prolonged parental care, as well as cross-generational cultural and societal effects, compounds these difficulties and highlights the need for clear criteria to assess epigenetic inheritance claims. This article aims to help the field move from cataloging biological markers to conducting rigorous human research by clarifying key concepts and defining testable criteria as a guiding framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148760190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A categorization of spatial transcriptomics methods for cell-cell communication analysis. 细胞-细胞通讯分析的空间转录组学方法分类。
IF 12.9 2区 生物学
Trends in Genetics Pub Date : 2026-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.004
Zlatka Fischer, Katharina Imkeller, Marcel H Schulz, Nina Baumgarten
{"title":"A categorization of spatial transcriptomics methods for cell-cell communication analysis.","authors":"Zlatka Fischer, Katharina Imkeller, Marcel H Schulz, Nina Baumgarten","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cell-cell communication (CCC) is involved in regulating cellular behavior in tissues. Spatial transcriptomics adds local context to gene expression, enabling more biologically grounded CCC inference than single-cell RNA-seq alone. Rapid method development has yielded diverse CCC methods, each addressing distinct biological questions through varied analytical frameworks. We review 33 recent methods and organize them into three categories: inference of communication networks at cell-type or single-cell resolution, modeling of microenvironment-driven transcriptional variability and regulatory modules, and estimation of spatially informed signaling gene co-associations and higher-order interaction structures. We offer a structured guide for method selection aligned with researchers' analytical goals, highlighting strengths, limitations, and key technical features to support the informed application of CCC inference methods in spatial transcriptomic research.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Everything, everywhere: FSHD as a model for complex genetic disease. 一切，无处不在：FSHD作为复杂遗传疾病的模型。
IF 12.9 2区 生物学
Trends in Genetics Pub Date : 2026-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.006
Valentina Salsi, Francesca Losi, Rossella Tupler
{"title":"Everything, everywhere: FSHD as a model for complex genetic disease.","authors":"Valentina Salsi, Francesca Losi, Rossella Tupler","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tig.2026.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medical genetics can reveal how genetic variations shape human biology by addressing a critical question: how does a genetic lesion become a phenotype? Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), exemplifies how a seemingly simple genetic lesion can affect multiple layers of cellular regulation, affecting 'everything, everywhere all at once'.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148727401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alternative splicing and climate-resilient crops. 替代剪接和适应气候的作物。
IF 12.9 2区 生物学
Trends in Genetics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2026.01.006
Yingying Tan, Siying Ye, Anqi Zhang, Ling-Ling Chen, Jia-Ming Song
{"title":"Alternative splicing and climate-resilient crops.","authors":"Yingying Tan, Siying Ye, Anqi Zhang, Ling-Ling Chen, Jia-Ming Song","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2026.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tig.2026.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abiotic stress severely restricts plant growth and crop yield, potentially impacting food security during climate shifts. Alternative splicing (AS), a widely conserved gene regulatory mechanism tightly coupled to transcription, impacts stress responses by altering protein levels and function. Such molecular plasticity supports rapid environmental responses. Advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies have enabled genome-wide AS profiling, revealing that abiotic stresses extensively reshape splicing landscapes, affecting transcripts encoding heat shock transcription factors, calcium signaling components, and splicing regulators. Here, we synthesize current knowledge on plant AS mechanisms, advances in AS detection, and stress-induced AS regulation under temperature fluctuations, drought, and salinity. We further discuss prospects for manipulating AS in breeding stress-resistant crops, providing a paradigm for genetic improvement with relevance beyond stress resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"738-756"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146229770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Co-transcriptional splicing: Distinct phases, mutual benefits, and basis for nuclear architecture. 共转录剪接：不同的阶段，互利，和核结构的基础。
IF 12.9 2区 生物学
Trends in Genetics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2026.05.016
Changwei Shao, Zhenwei Zhang, Xiang-Dong Fu
{"title":"Co-transcriptional splicing: Distinct phases, mutual benefits, and basis for nuclear architecture.","authors":"Changwei Shao, Zhenwei Zhang, Xiang-Dong Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2026.05.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tig.2026.05.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Co-transcriptional splicing is the process by which splicing takes place on nascent RNA before transcription terminates. Imaging- and sequencing-based technologies have revealed co-transcriptional splicing in eukaryotes, but more interesting questions arise about the mechanisms mediating such a process and its functional impact. This forum article summarizes recent advances in understanding co-transcriptional splicing.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"676-679"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148240646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beyond gene expression: Single-cell transcriptomics at isoform resolution. 超越基因表达：单细胞转录组学在同种异构体的分辨率。
IF 12.9 2区 生物学
Trends in Genetics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2026.05.013
Feng Wang, Yi Xing, Lan Lin
{"title":"Beyond gene expression: Single-cell transcriptomics at isoform resolution.","authors":"Feng Wang, Yi Xing, Lan Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.tig.2026.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tig.2026.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revolutionized our understanding of cellular heterogeneity, yet traditional scRNA-seq methods primarily capture transcript ends, limiting analyses to total gene expression. Advances in isoform-resolved scRNA-seq, including short-read technologies that span full-length transcripts and long-read technologies that directly sequence full-length transcripts end-to-end, have enabled the characterization of alternative splicing variation and transcript isoform diversity at single-cell resolution. These advances fill critical knowledge gaps about cell-type-specific transcript isoform usage and its regulation in single cells. Here, we review the evolution of isoform-resolved single-cell transcriptomics, highlighting experimental and computational innovations. We discuss its broad applications in characterizing transcriptome variation and RNA processing, and explore its emerging impact across new dimensions of single-cell biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":54413,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"722-737"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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