Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association最新文献

{"title":"Vaccine hesitancy of adolescents and their parents in a possible future Pandemic based on their COVID-19 experience.","authors":"Suzan Tek Ayaz, Aysenur Keles, Dogukan Ciliz, Sude Topal","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.11061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.11061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy and its influencing factors among adolescents and their parents during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in central Turkiye in May 2022, one month after the government lifted social distancing restrictions related to the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic. The sample comprised adolescents aged 12-18 years and their parents. Data was collected using a personal information form and the Vaccine Hesitancy Scale in Pandemics. Data was analysed using SPSS 26. Necessary permissions were obtained from the Provincial Directorate of National Education, the Scientific Research Platform of the Ministry of Health, and the Ethics Committee of Yozgat Bozok University.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1,324 adolescents, 828(62.5%) were females and 496(37.5%) were males with overall mean age 14.94±1.71 years. Of the 1,305 parents, 689(52.8%) were females and 616(47.2%) were males with overall mean age 41.27±6.27 years. Among the adolescents, 1,215(91.8%) had not received the coronavirus disease-2019 vaccine. Among the parents, 264(20.2%) had not received the vaccine. Among adolescents, 544(44.8%) and among parents, 736(60.6%) cited concerns about potential side effects as the reason for not getting themselves or their child vaccinated. Additionally, 654(49.4%) adolescents and 339(26%) parents expressed vaccine hesitancy in the face of a possible future pandemic. Mean vaccine hesitancy score was 30.78±8.88 among the adolescents, and 31.94±7.72 among the parents. Age, level of their information about the pandemic, intent to be vaccinated in a possible future pandemic, and sources of information about the pandemic were significant factors related to vaccine hesitancy (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was considerable vaccine hesitancy among the subjects, which calls for focussing on strategies to address the issue to avoid potential negative impact during any future pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 3","pages":"393-399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential for Nirsevimab use in Pakistan.","authors":"Muhammad Moaz, Basum Hayat","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.20282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.20282","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 3","pages":"528"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of chemotherapy on cognitive functioning and quality of life among cancer patients in Peshawar.","authors":"Summaiya Arif","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.10319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.10319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The time series study was planned to assess the possible effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on cognitive functioning and patients' quality of life. Conducted at the Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan, from 1st January, 2021 to 15th April, 2021, the study comprised 60 patients who were divided into chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and healthy control groups. Data was collected using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-cognitive questionnaire and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30. Chemotherapy significantly affected the cognitive functioning of participants compared to the other groups (p<0.05). The quality of life of the patients in chemotherapy and radiotherapy groups was significantly impaired compared to the controls (p<0.05). The findings showed the negative side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 3","pages":"476-479"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adrenal Asthenia.","authors":"Sanjay Kalra, Atul Dhingra, Nitin Kapoor","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.25-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.25-18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The terms 'adrenal asthenia', 'adrenal fatigue' and 'adrenal burnout', sometimes used in lay language, are not a part of the medical or endocrine lexicon. In this opinion piece, we explore the relevance of adrenal asthenia and describe how it can be used in different clinical situations, with varying connotations. Adrenal asthenia may refer to adrenocortical insufficiency, increased parasympathetic or reduced adrenergic tone, or fatigue due to excessive and continuous exposure to stress. It may be mediated by hypoglycaemia or dyselectrolytaemia. The term adrenal asthenia has important clinical and public health advantages.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 3","pages":"498-500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel advances in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatment: Ensifentrine.","authors":"Aamrah Wakil, Taha Ahmad Siddiqui, Eesha Arshad","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.21488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.21488","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 3","pages":"523"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency, associated factors and outcome of raised intraocular pressure in live-related renal transplant recipients: A single-centre experience.","authors":"Fatema Ali Lanewala, Akhtar Jamal Khan, Mirza Naqi Zafar, Tahir Aziz","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.21710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.21710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the frequency, associated factors and outcomes of elevated intraocular pressure in live-related renal transplant recipients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, in 2023. The data was divided into group A cases having intraocular pressure ≥23mmHg and group B controls having intraocular pressure <23mmHg. The groups were compared for factors such as immunosuppression medications, acute rejection episodes, human leukocyte antigen match, duration of dialysis before transplant, and pre-existing microvascular diseases. Data was analysed using SPSS 22.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2,738 patients screened, 131(4.8%) exhibited intraocular pressure ≥23mmHg. Intergroup comparison between group A and group B showed no significant relationship of intraocular pressure increase with cyclosporine, tacrolimus and everolimus (p>0.05). Azathioprine demonstrated significant association with intraocular pressure elevation at the time of measuring intraocular pressure (p<0.05). Mycophenolate mofetil showed an association with IOP only when assessed as initial immunesuppression at the time of transplantation (p<0.05). At the time of IOP assessment, MMF was not found to be a significant factor responsible for IOP elevation (p>0.05). Patients who had received Antithymocyte globulin (ATG) were found to have remarkable association with raised IOP. No significant link was noted between hypertension, dialysis duration and human leukocyte antigen match (p>0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that Azathioprine was the only factor associated with raised IOP at the time of assessment (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was a potential risk of medication side effects, including secondary glaucoma, among renal transplant recipients.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 3","pages":"451-455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteriophage therapy: A potentially effective tool in combatting tooth decay.","authors":"Mehwash Kashif, Aman Ashar","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.25-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.25-17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 3","pages":"374-375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowering independence: the role of occupational therapy in overcoming life challenges.","authors":"Sadia Saleem, Khadija Saleem, Sabeen Masood, Faiza Yousaf, Laiba Saleem","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.21022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.21022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 3","pages":"518-519"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis self-regulation model based on belief in self-care in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.","authors":"Nilawati Uly, Marisna Eka Yulianita, Michael Batupadang","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.11076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.11076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of the self-regulation model based on belief to enhance the ability of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus to take care of themselves.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The survey-based study was conducted in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, from May to August 2023, and comprised type 2 diabetes mellitus patients of either gender whose blood glucose level was >200mg/dl. The survey comprised multiple questionnaires exploring the impact of exogenous variables on endogenous variables. Data was analysed using Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Squares method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 180 patients, 97(53.9%) were women and 83(41.6%) were men. The overall mean age was 55.8±6.55 years. Of the total, 110(61.1%) patients experienced complications in the form of hypertension or stroke, and 70(38.9%) were without complications. Characteristic factors influenced problem interpretation (p=0.016) and health (p=0.024). Social support factors influenced problem interpretation (p=0.018) and health (p=0.046). Health service factors influenced problem interpretation (p=0.024) and health (p=0.006). Interpretation of problems in illness had an influence on health (p=0.035) and beliefs (p=0.014). Coping had a significant influence on self-care (p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In order for patients to set goals and take the necessary steps to raise their awareness of performing self-care, health workers must be encouraged to increase patient confidence on solving health problems. This will have an impact on controlling blood glucose levels and preventing disease complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 3","pages":"400-404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivational Therapeutics and Medicine.","authors":"Sanjay Kalra, Suneet Kumar Verma, Nitin Kapoor","doi":"10.47391/JPMA.25-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.25-25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"75 3","pages":"376-377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}