Ima Fungus最新文献

{"title":"Mitochondrial genome and transcription of <i>Shiraia</i>-like species reveal evolutionary aspects in protein-coding genes.","authors":"Xiao-Ye Shen, Xue-Ting Cao, Xiao-Bo Huang, Lan Zhuo, Hui-Meng Yang, Li Fan, Cheng-Lin Hou","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.138572","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.138572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Shiraia</i>-related species are well-known bambusicolous fungi in <i>Dothideomycetes</i> class, with high value in traditional medicine for producing hypocrellin, as an anticipated photosensitiser. The complete mitogenomes of hypocrellin-producing <i>Pseudoshiraiaconidialis</i> strains were analysed in the present study, with functional gene variations through comparative genomics and transcriptomics. Five strains (ZZZ816, CNUCC1353PR, JAP103846, CNUCC C72, CNUCC C151) were sequenced, which indicated similar genome characteristics. Two of them possess an extra <i>atp6</i> gene, and the associated variable fragment \"<i>HSP1-HSP2-atp6_2</i>\" correlates closely with hypocrellin production capacity. Therefore, these five strains were divided into three groups: ZZZ816 and CNUCC1353PR possessing high production efficiency, CNUCC C72 and JAP103846 with low yield and CNUCC C151 as a transition type. The gene expression changes were screened under various conditions. ZZZ816-related species showed significant changes in mitochondrial genes, especially <i>HSP1</i>, <i>HSP2</i> and <i>atp6_2</i>, linked closely to hypocrellin synthesis and stress response; <i>rps3</i> expression also consistently correlated with hypocrellin production. JAP103846 group showed a stable expression pattern divergently, except for <i>rps3</i> suppression by blue light. These findings would provide new insights into secondary metabolite regulation and ROS resistance. Above all, this study conducted the comprehensive analysis of <i>Shiraia</i>-like fungi mitogenomes and functional gene expression, which can update the understanding of fungal evolution and potential for improved hypocrellin production.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e138572"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovering fungal communities in roots of <i>Zoysiajaponica</i> and characterising novel species and their antifungal activities.","authors":"Haifeng Liu, Hyeongju Choi, Narayan Chandra Paul, Hiran A Ariyawansa, Hyunkyu Sang","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.138479","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.138479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Turf-grasses are economically important horticultural crops, which have been utilised by humans to improve the environment for more than a thousand years. Turf-grasses are widely distributed in landscapes, slopes and sport fields, such as golf courses. Endophytic fungi are a resource of unexplored fungal diversity with potential bioactive compounds. In this study, culture-independent ITS amplicon sequencing and culture-dependent isolation methods were used to reveal fungal community in roots of the turf-grass <i>Zoysiajaponica</i>. A total of 317 OTUs were identified from root samples of <i>Z.japonica</i> by analysis of ITS amplicon reads. Fungal community was dominated by <i>Sordariales</i> (32.45%), followed by <i>Chaetothyriales</i> (18.16%), unknown taxa in <i>Sordariomycetes</i> (14.63%) and <i>Pleosporales</i> (12.48%). During isolation, 151 endophytic fungal strains were obtained from roots of <i>Z.japonica</i> and a variety of taxa were found by ITS amplification and sequencing. Moreover, 11 endophytic fungal species were further characterised in this study, based on morphological characterisation and multi-loci phylogenetic analysis, including <i>Niessliadimorphospora</i>, a newly-recorded species in Korea and 10 novel species (<i>Dactylariahwasunensis</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, <i>Lophiostomajeollanense</i> sp. nov., <i>Magnaporthiopsiszoysiae</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, <i>Poaceascomaendophyticum</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, <i>P.koreanum</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, <i>P.magnum</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, <i>P.zoysiiradicicola</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, <i>Stagonosporaendophytica</i> sp. nov., <i>Setophomazoysiae</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> and <i>Pseudorhypophilapoae</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>). Antifungal activities of these species were tested against the turf-grass brown patch pathogen <i>Rhizoctoniasolani</i> AG2-2(IIIB), with <i>S.zoysiae</i> being the best antagonist. In addition, butanol extract from mycelia of <i>S.zoysiae</i> strongly inhibited <i>R.solani</i> AG2-2(IIIB) <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in planta</i>. The results of this study expand the biodiversity of endophytic fungi and revealed potential biological resources for future turf-grass management and bioactive compound exploitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e138479"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assembly and comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of <i>Daedaleopsissinensis</i> (Polyporaceae, Basidiomycota), contributing to understanding fungal evolution and ecological functions.","authors":"Jin-Xin Ma, Hai-Jiao Li, Can Jin, Hao Wang, Lu-Xin Tang, Jing Si, Bao-Kai Cui","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.141288","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.141288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Daedaleopsissinensis</i> is a crucial wood-decaying fungus with significant lignocellulose-degrading ability, which plays a vital role in the material cycle and energy flow of forest ecosystems. However, the mitochondrial genome of <i>D.sinensis</i> has not yet been revealed. In the present study, the complete mitochondrial genome of <i>D.sinensis</i> was assembled and compared with related species. The mitochondrial genome spans 69,155 bp and has a GC content of 25.0%. It comprises 15 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 26 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes and one DNA polymerase gene (<i>dpo</i>). Herein, we characterised and analysed the codon preferences, variation and evolution of PCGs, repeats, intron dynamics, as well as RNA editing events in the <i>D.sinensis</i> mitochondrial genome. Further, a phylogenetic analysis of <i>D.sinensis</i> and the other 86 Basidiomycota species was performed using mitochondrial genome data. The results revealed that four species, <i>D.confragosa</i>, <i>D.sinensis</i>, <i>D.nitida</i> and <i>Fomesfomentarius</i>, were grouped in a closely-related cluster with high support values, indicating that a close phylogenetic relationship existed between <i>Daedaleopsis</i> and <i>Fomes</i>. This study reported on the initial assembly and annotation of the mitochondrial genome of <i>D.sinensis</i>, which greatly improved the knowledge of the fungus. These results contribute to the limited understanding of the mitochondrial repository of wood-decaying fungi, thereby laying the foundation for subsequent research on fungal evolution and ecological functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e141288"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11882022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal fairy rings: history, ecology, dynamics and engineering functions.","authors":"Maurizio Zotti, Giuliano Bonanomi, Stefano Mazzoleni","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.138320","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.138320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungal fairy rings (FFR) are fascinating natural phenomena that have intrigued people and scientists for centuries. These patterns, often represented by circular distributions of altered vegetation, are found in grasslands and forest habitats. Fairy rings occur when fungi grow radially in the soil, raising from a central point, progressively degrading organic matter and thus affecting vegetation. The observation of such spatial patterns allows mycologists to conduct an in-depth analysis of the role of fungi in ecosystems. This review presents the current knowledge and scientific advancement of the studies of FFRs. An historical appraisal from the most representative pioneer studies until recent works is presented in different scientific fields, including microbiology, chemistry, botany and ecology. Based on a deep analysis of bibliographic data, we synopsised different aspects of FFRs: i) history of studies, ii) taxonomy, iii) ecology (environmental conditions and biogeography), iv) classification of vegetation patterns, v) spatial dynamics, vi) role as ecosystem engineer (impact on soil chemistry, plants and microbiota). In conclusion, beside still open research areas requiring further investigation, a schematic functional model of fungal fairy rings is proposed, in which on one hand the dynamics of the fungal mycelium is explained by self-DNA accumulation and the build-up of autotoxicity. On the other hand, the effects of fungi on plants are related to the intermingled and differently spatially distributed effects of hydrophobicity, phytotoxicity and phytostimulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e138320"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bulbillosins A - E, azaphilones from <i>Tengochaetabulbillosa</i> sp. nov. (<i>Chaetomiaceae</i>), a root endophyte of the Chinese medicinal plant <i>Astertataricus</i>.","authors":"Diana Astrid Barrera-Adame, Yasmina Marin-Felix, Ana Kristin Wegener, Michael Lalk, Marc Stadler, Timo H J Niedermeyer","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.141036","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.141036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Astertataricus</i> is a plant used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. From its roots, we isolated four endophytic fungi strains. After mass spectrometry analysis and subsequent molecular networking and dereplication, one of the strain's extracts showed a cluster of yet undescribed natural products. Additionally, the extract was found to be lethal for the nematode <i>Caenorhabditiselegans</i> and cytotoxic against eukaryotic cell lines. The fungal strain was characterized by morphological and molecular studies, allowing its description as a new species in the genus Tengochaeta (Chaetomiaceae), <i>Tengochaetabulbillosa</i>. After cultivation and extraction of the strain, the major secondary metabolites were isolated. Structure elucidation based on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry revealed these compounds to be five new azaphilones. Additionally, the localization of these azaphilones in the host plant was studied by mass spectrometry imaging of different plant tissues, revealing that they were mainly localized in the aerial parts of the plant. The main compound, bulbillosin A, was evaluated for its activity against sixty cancer cell lines, revealing a differential cytotoxicity profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e141036"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11882021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species descriptions in myxomycetes - can we settle on rules for good taxonomic practice?","authors":"Martin Schnittler, Dmytro Leontyev, Iryna Yatsiuk, Anna Ronikier","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.141199","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.141199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Myxomycetes</i> are a unique branch of life, recognisable by sporophores showing a fungus-like dispersal biology. These structures bear nearly all diagnostic characters for species identification and develop by rapid transformation of plasmodia. During this short period of time, external factors can significantly influence the formation of morphological characters. Therefore, the description of a new species must be carried out with utmost care. Over the last 50 years, approximately 10-15 new species of myxomycetes have been described per year and only some of the latest publications underpin this with molecular data. In this paper, we discuss a set of recommendations for the description of myxomycete species new to science, striving for the following goals: (i) to minimise the number of erroneous descriptions of the species, whose names later have to be put into synonymy; (ii) to make all respective data easily accessible for the scientific community; and (iii) to comply with existing rules of nomenclature. We recommend (1) whenever possible not to describe a new taxon from a single specimen; however, an exception could be made only if supported by molecular data and by unique morphological characters which are unlikely to fall in the range of infraspecific variation of related species; (2) preparing detailed descriptions, including data on developmental stages, microhabitats, ecology, phenology and associated species; (3) providing at least two independent diagnostic characters that tell the new species apart from all others; (4) obtaining a molecular barcode and, whenever possible, providing proof for reproductive isolation of the new species from related taxa; and (5) depositing type specimens in public herbaria. To comply with nomenclatural rules, (6) the new name must be registered in a recognised repository, (7) all published names should be checked for usability before proposing a new name and (8) a unique name should be chosen, preferably highlighting a distinct character of the new species.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e141199"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11882020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative mitogenomic analysis reveals variations and evolution of ectomycorrhizal fungal <i>Strobilomyces</i>.","authors":"Chao Liu, Wan-Ying Li, Le-Xuan Zheng, Mi Dao, Huan-Huan Chen, Li-Hong Han","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.141848","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.141848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Strobilomyces</i>, representing a diverse and widespread group of ectomycorrhizal mushroom-forming fungi, plays a crucial ecological and economical role. However, until now, a comprehensive description of its mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) has been lacking. In our current study, we have successfully assembled and analysed the mitogenomes of five <i>Strobilomyces</i> species. These mitogenomes span a range from 35,618 base pairs (bp) to 42,088 bp, exhibiting a higher nucleotide abundance of AT compared to GC. All five mitogenomes harbour 14 conserved protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and 24 transfer RNAs (tRNAs). Notably, the overall ratio of Ka/Ks for all PCGs was found to be less than 1.0, indicating that these genes have undergone purifying selection during evolution. Intriguingly, the mitogenomic comparison revealed two instances of gene re-arrangement, which were directly linked to the geographical distribution of the <i>Strobilomyces</i> species. The concatenated mitochondrial PCGs (mtPCGs) and nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) phylogenies displayed a robust congruent topology at the family level. Specifically, the <i>Strobilomyces</i> species clustered together and formed sister relationship with other <i>Boletaceae</i> species in the mtPCGs tree. In contrast, the <i>Strobilomyces</i> species grouped at the base of the nrDNA tree when concerning <i>Boletaceae</i>. This study represents the first report on the mitogenomes of the <i>Strobilomyces</i> genus, providing valuable insights into fungal evolution within <i>Boletales</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e141848"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11882025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and characterization of edible mushroom-forming fungi from Swedish nature.","authors":"Mario Walthert, Markus Hiltunen Thorén, Hanna Johannesson","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.142215","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.142215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungi are a highly diverse group of organisms, of which only a small subset has been taken into cultivation for application in biotechnology and food industry. Accordingly, outside of a few model species, there is a lack of knowledge about the isolation and cultivation of fungi. In this study, we isolated 17 wild strains of 14 different species of edible, mushroom-forming fungi growing in Swedish nature. We documented their growth rates under different temperatures, investigated their fruiting characteristics, and compared the results to data obtained from common laboratory strains. Our results show that the strains from commercially cultivated species have a higher mycelial growth rate and tend to grow faster at higher temperatures than strains from less frequently cultivated species. The fruiting experiments led to successful fruiting of four newly collected wild strains, belonging to the species <i>Hericiumcoralloides</i>, <i>Pleurotuspulmonarius</i>, and <i>Schizophyllumcommune</i>. Although some strains fruited on potato dextrose agar (PDA), more specific substrates such as straw or birch pellets indicated more potential for mushroom production. All newly isolated strains of this study have been deposited at the Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute (CBS) collection and are thereby made available for further studies and/or use in application in the food industry or biotechnology. Two species isolated in this study are entirely novel to widely used culture collections, and for nine species no Swedish strain has been deposited previously. The description of the mycelial growth and fruiting of the isolated strains in this study is a first step on their way to further use.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e142215"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11882028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMA GENOME - F20 A draft genome assembly of <i>Agroatheliarolfsii</i>, <i>Ceratobasidiumpapillatum</i>, <i>Pyrenopezizabrassicae</i>, <i>Neopestalotiopsismacadamiae</i>, <i>Sphaerellopsisfilum</i> and genomic resources for <i>Colletotrichumspaethianum</i> and <i>Colletotrichumfructicola</i>.","authors":"Davide D'Angelo, Roberto Sorrentino, Tiphany Nkomo, Xianzhi Zhou, Niloofar Vaghefi, Byron Sonnekus, Tanay Bose, Domenico Cerrato, Loredana Cozzolino, Nicky Creux, Nunzio D'Agostino, Gerda Fourie, Giovanna Fusco, Almuth Hammerbacher, Alexander Idnurm, Levente Kiss, Yanping Hu, Hongli Hu, Ernesto Lahoz, Jason Risteski, Emma T Steenkamp, Maurizio Viscardi, Magriet A van der Nest, Yuan Wu, Hao Yu, Jianjin Zhou, Chinthani S Karandeni Dewage, Loly I Kotta-Loizou, Henrik U Stotz, Bruce D L Fitt, Yongju Huang, Brenda D Wingfield","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.141732","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.141732","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e141732"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11882029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Just the tip of the iceberg: uncovering a hyperdiverse clade of African <i>Russula</i> (<i>Basidiomycota</i>, <i>Russulales</i>, <i>Russulaceae</i>) species with signs of evolutionary habitat adaptations.","authors":"Cathrin Manz, Mario Amalfi, Bart Buyck, Felix Hampe, Nourou S Yorou, Slavomír Adamčík, Meike Piepenbring","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.140321","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.140321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diversity within the ectomycorrhizal genus Russula (Basidiomycota) in West Africa is largely unexplored. The study area was Benin, where only ten out of the 159 species endemic to tropical Africa have been previously reported. We focused on \"<i>Afrovirescentinae</i>\", which is a monophyletic lineage within Russulasubgen.Heterophyllidiaesister tosubsect.Virescentinae. The phylogenetic placement of this clade was analysed using sequence data from ITS, LSU, mtSSU, <i>tef1</i>, <i>rpb1</i> and <i>rpb2</i> regions. Ten \"<i>Afrovirescentinae</i>\" species are recognised, described and illustrated from Benin. Four of them, <i>R.carmesina</i>, <i>R.hiemisilvae</i>, <i>R.inflata</i> and <i>R.sublaevis</i>, were previously published. Five species, <i>Russulaacrialbida</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, <i>R.beenkenii</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, <i>R.coronata</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, <i>R.florae</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> and <i>R.spectabilis</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, are newly described. Species within this group are characterised by densely reticulated spore ornamentation, but they exhibit considerable variation in field appearance and pileipellis structure. In gallery forests, their basidiomata are ephemeral, small and their basidiospores have prominent ornamentation; while in savannah woodlands, the basidiomata are fleshy, large and basidiospores present low ornamentation. We suggest that these morphological traits may represent evolutionary adaptations to a specific environmental condition. We analysed the species richness, ecological range and distribution of the \"<i>Afrovirescentinae</i>\" clade globally based on data from the UNITE database, estimating a total diversity of 94 species primarily distributed in sub-Saharan Africa, but also in the Neotropics. Four additional previously described species not detected in Benin were assigned to this clade, based on holotype sequencing. Several species are widely distributed across tropical Africa and do not show specificity regarding their associated plant symbionts.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e140321"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11882026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}