Ima Fungus最新文献

{"title":"A phylogenetic and morphological study of the genus <i>Dermoloma</i> (<i>Agaricales</i>, <i>Tricholomataceae</i>) in Europe and North America exposes inefficiency of opportunistic species descriptions.","authors":"Katarína Adamčíková, Munazza Kiran, Miroslav Caboň, Brandon P Matheny, Marisol Sánchez-García, Eef Arnolds, Michaela Caboňová, Gilles Corriol, Bálint Dima, Gernot Friebes, Gareth W Griffith, Django Grootmyers, David Harries, Alexander Karich, Armin Mešić, Martin Mihaljevič, Pierre-Arthur Moreau, Ana Pošta, Vasilii Shapkin, Zdenko Tkalčec, Alfredo Vizzini, Lenka Vondrovicová, Slavomir Adamčík, Soňa Jančovičová","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.157337","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.157337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Dermoloma</i> is traditionally known as a small genus of agarics classified in the family <i>Tricholomataceae</i>. This study implemented a multilocus phylogeny of six DNA regions to recognize phylogenetic species within the genus. The species concept is reinforced by observations of well-defined morphological characters enhanced by long term sampling effort in Europe and North America. Thirty European <i>Dermoloma</i> species are described, including 16 new species from Europe and three from North American. These species are classified into two subgenera morphologically distinguished by spores with positive or negative amyloid reaction. A new genus <i>Neodermoloma</i> is introduced for the <i>Dermoloma</i>-like species <i>N.campestre</i>. Localized or continental-scale species endemicity was confirmed based on studied material, but more inclusive phylogenetic clustering supported a mixture of North American species among the European clades. Of the 22 names validly published from Europe prior to this study, 11 could be assigned to well-defined <i>Dermoloma</i> species recognized here. Of the remaining 11 names, two were considered representing <i>Dermoloma</i> species not recorded since their description, and nine were established as later synonyms of other species. Morphological studies of <i>Dermoloma</i> are challenging due to the relatively low number of characters suitable for identification of species. The majority of morphological characters showed continuous variation with high overlap throughout the genus. For this reason, species identification requires an awareness of morphological variability within species, and multiple distinguishing characters need to be combined, and furthermore, often a barcode sequence is needed for a certain identification. Stable isotope analysis in <i>Dermoloma</i> of δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N revealed an ecological signature similar to known CHEGD fungi, i.e. <i>Clavariaceae</i> and <i>Hygrocybe</i> s.l. This indicates that <i>Dermoloma</i> species are biotrophic but neither ectomycorrhizal nor saprotrophic and may form mutualistic root endophytic associations with vascular plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e157337"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12272084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yeast diversity in traditional fermented foods of ethnic minorities in China, with the descriptions of four new yeast species.","authors":"Shuang Hu, Qi-Yang Zhu, Hai-Yan Zhu, Jun-Yu Liu, Yue Shi, Yan-Jie Qiu, Zhang Wen, Ai-Hua Li, Pei-Jie Han, Feng-Yan Bai","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.146163","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.146163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fermented foods have been produced by humans since prehistoric times and are consumed worldwide today due to their enhanced nutritional value, taste and flavor, and benefits for human health. Various microorganisms are essential agents responsible for food fermentation and have been extensively studied using both culture-dependent and -independent methods. However, previous research has mainly focused on fermented foods produced on a large scale in urbanized areas. In this study, we collected 255 samples of diverse traditional fermented foods-including alcoholic beverages, amylolytic starters, fruit vinegar, and fermented products of milk, vegetables, cereals, legumes, fish, meat, and other materials-from ethnic minority areas of China through a citizen science initiative for the study of yeast diversity. A total of 516 yeast strains were isolated, and 81 yeast species, including four new species, were identified based on sequence analyses of the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer region. The proposals of the new species were further supported by whole-genome average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis. The dominant species isolated were <i>Saccharomycescerevisiae</i>, <i>Pichiakudriavzevii</i>, <i>Wickerhamomycesanomalus</i>, <i>Saccharomycopsisfibuligera</i>, and <i>Clavisporalusitaniae</i>. The new species are described as <i>Blastobotrysguizhouensis</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, <i>Wickerhamiellashiruii</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, <i>Trichosporonjiuqu</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, and <i>Parajaminaeaalba</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> This study demonstrates the high yeast diversity in traditional fermented foods of ethnic minorities in China. These yeast resources are of special value for both basic and applied research in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e146163"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12268275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144661003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The <i>Ganodermacurtisii</i> lineage (<i>Basidiomycota</i>, <i>Polyporaceae</i>) in the Neotropics: <i>Ganodermamexicurtisii</i> sp. nov. from pine-oak forests in Mexico.","authors":"Milay Cabarroi-Hernández, Cony Decock, Laura Guzmán-Dávalos, Mabel Gisela Torres-Torres, Gerardo Lucio Robledo, Alma Rosa Villalobos-Arámbula, Zurizadai Martínez-Velázquez, Virginia Ramírez-Cruz, Mario Amalfi","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.154828","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.154828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Ganodermacurtisii</i>, a potential medicinal species due to the presence of various lucidenic acids, was originally described from the southeastern United States. Controversy subsequently developed as it became clear that this was not a single species but a complex. In the present study, 39 collections from the <i>G.curtisii</i> complex, including 30 collections originating from four different states of Mexico and type specimens were analyzed from a phylogenetic, morphological, and ecological point of view. The phylogenetic relationships within the <i>G.curtisii</i> complex were analyzed using sequence data from ITS, <i>tef1</i>, <i>rpb1</i>, and <i>rpb2</i> regions. A total of six clades were resolved within the <i>G.curtisii</i> complex, that corresponds to <i>G.curtisii</i>, <i>G.myanmarense</i>, <i>G.ravenelii</i>, <i>G.sichuanense</i>, <i>Ganoderma</i> sp. from Costa Rica, and a clade comprising several collections previously named <i>G.curtisii</i> from Mexico, described here as <i>Ganodermamexicurtisii</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> Furthermore, <i>G.meredithiae</i> is confirmed as a synonym of <i>G.curtisii</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e154828"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12254830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-level phylogenetic relationships within <i>Pezizomycotina</i> revisited.","authors":"Vadim Goremykin, Claudio Donati","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.153279","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.153279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here, we re-examine the high level phylogeny of <i>Pezizomycotina</i> with special attention to the recently proposed phylogenomic hypothesis (Díaz-Escandón et al. 2022) that \"morphologically hyperdiverse\" <i>Candelariomycetes</i>, <i>Coniocybomycetes</i>, <i>Geoglossomycetes</i>, <i>Lichinomycetes</i>, <i>Sareomycetes</i> and <i>Xylonomycetes</i> (henceforth referred to as classes <i>sensu stricto</i> (<i>s.s.</i>)) should be united in a class <i>Lichinomycetes</i> (henceforth referred to as <i>Lichinomycetes</i> <i>sensu lato</i> (<i>s.l.</i>)), based on their common origin. Our examination revealed that the orthology of the aligned character states in the data used to produce this result is questionable due to the presence of poorly-aligned, indel-rich vertical alignment partitions, missing data and heterogeneous sequences. Our analyses of a thoroughly curated phylogenomic dataset and its subset with reduced compositional heterogeneity indicated that the fungi included in the <i>Lichinomycetes</i> <i>s.l.</i> form six independent lineages, of which two correspond to <i>Geoglossomycetes</i> <i>s.s.</i> and <i>Candelariomycetes</i> <i>s.s.</i> and others do not correspond to the taxonomic delimitations of the previously defined classes. Based on the results obtained here, we propose to revise the class <i>Lichinomycetes</i> to include <i>Lichinomycetes</i> <i>s.s.</i>, <i>Coniocybomycetes</i> <i>s.s.</i> plus some <i>incertae sedis</i> genera (<i>Caeruleum</i>, <i>Thelocarpon</i>, <i>Piccolia</i>, <i>Sarcosagium</i> and <i>Vezdaea</i>). In our analysis, <i>Xylona</i> (<i>Xylonomycetes</i> <i>s.s.</i>) plus <i>Sarea</i> (<i>Sareomycetes</i> <i>s.s.</i>) were found to form an early diverging lineage within the branch also subtending <i>Arthoniomycetes</i> plus <i>Dothideomycetes</i>, which warrants the conclusion to include these two genera in a single class, whereas <i>Symbiotaphrina</i>, initially assigned to <i>Xylonomycetes</i> <i>s.s.</i>, was found to split off the tree backbone earlier and, thus, should be treated as a separate lineage.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e153279"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and molecular re-assessment of European and Levantine species of the genus <i>Hortiboletus</i> (<i>Boletaceae</i>).","authors":"Alona Yu Biketova, Tatyana Yu Svetasheva, Andy F S Taylor, Giampaolo Simonini, Matteo Gelardi, Olga V Morozova, Elias Polemis, José A Muñoz, László Albert, Salvatore Saitta, Solomon P Wasser, Eviatar Nevo, Georgios I Zervakis, Alfredo Vizzini, Bálint Dima","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.144731","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.144731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Hortiboletus</i> (the former <i>Xerocomusrubellus</i> species complex) is one of the most taxonomically critical and difficult genera for species identification in the family <i>Boletaceae</i>. Here, we provide a detailed morphological and molecular re-assessment of European and Levantine species of <i>Hortiboletus</i>. A new species, <i>H.hershenzoniae</i>, is described from Israel. It is sister to <i>H.engelii</i> and associated with the evergreen oak <i>Quercuscalliprinos</i> and potentially also with <i>Q.ithaburensis</i>. Based on the sequence retrieved from INSDC, this species is also found in Lebanon. Accurate morphological descriptions, comprehensive sampling, type studies, biogeography, macro- and microphotographs and a historical overview on the nomenclatural issues surrounding <i>H.rubellus</i>, <i>H.bubalinus</i>, <i>H.engelii</i>, and <i>H.hershenzoniae</i> are given. An epitype collection is designated for <i>H.rubellus</i>. A key is provided for identification of the European and Levantine taxa. In addition, we propose a novel taxonomic combination <i>Hortiboletusflavorubellus</i>, which is conspecific with Boletusrubellusvar.flammeus, based on the DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analysis of type material. <i>Boletusharrisonii</i> is also shown to be conspecific with <i>H.campestris</i>. A multilocus phylogenetic analysis of four markers (ITS, LSU, <i>tef1-α</i>, and <i>rpb2</i>) reveals that <i>Hortiboletus</i> is a sister genus to <i>Xerocomellus</i>. Using the Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition method, at least 19 phylogenetic species and eight putative phylogenetic species of the genus <i>Hortiboletus</i> can be delimited. Based on multilocus analysis, it contains from 24 to 25 species-level clades worldwide, 17 out of which represent known species, one newly described and potentially six to seven undescribed species. Tandem repeat insertions within the ITS region (both in ITS1 and ITS2) are reported for the first time, not only in the genus <i>Hortiboletus</i>, but in the entire subfamily <i>Boletoideae</i>. Their identification and characterisation were based on Tandem Repeat Finder analysis and visual assessment of the ITS alignment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e144731"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144369537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation of the genome and secretome of <i>Phytophthoracryptogea</i> and <i>P.erythroseptica</i>.","authors":"Yuuri Hirooka, Oscar Villanueva, Ekaterina Ponomareva, Bennett L Crane, Rick D Peters, Walid Ellouze, Hai D T Nguyen","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.156195","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.156195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Phytophthoracryptogea</i> Pethybr. & Laff. and <i>P.erythroseptica</i> Pethybr. are oomycetes that cause root rot diseases of multiple plant species, including serious diseases of potato. These two species of <i>Phytophthora</i> were originally reported in Ireland more than 100 years ago and are closely related phylogenetically and morphologically similar. Both species have wide host ranges and can hybridise with each other. In this study, we sequenced whole genomes of the ex-type strain of <i>P.cryptogea</i> (CBS 113.19) and the authentic strain of <i>P.erythroseptica</i> (P6180). The genomes of the two isolates were assembled into 52.5 Mb and 74.7 Mb, respectively. A total of 11,654 protein-encoding genes were predicted for <i>P.cryptogea</i> and 15,970 for <i>P.erythroseptica</i>. Phylogenomic analyses of 2012 single-copy orthologous genes and 99 BUSCO genes from the stramenopiles dataset confirmed that they are sister species and show that they belong to <i>Phytophthora</i> clade 8. The secretome analysis of <i>P.erythroseptica</i> P6180, <i>P.cryptogea</i> CBS 418.71 and <i>P.cryptogea</i> CBS 113.19 may provide information for future research on resistance-breeding targets and strategies for pathogen control. This genomic characterisation of the two <i>Phytophthora</i> species provides additional reference data that might be useful for future studies on <i>Phytophthora</i> genetic variation, pathogenicity and biological traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e156195"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidden treasures of herbaria - even small collections contain a wealth of diversity: the powdery mildews of the North Carolina State Larry F. Grand Mycological Herbarium.","authors":"Scott LaGreca, Uma Crouch, Andrew Paul, Jacklyn Thomas, Jake Thompson, Christian Shaw, Marc A Cubeta, Uwe Braun, Michael Bradshaw","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.156231","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.156231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The occurrence of cryptic species is well documented in fungi but the extent of their diversity is not fully understood. This study assessed the fungal diversity within a part of the Larry F. Grand Mycological Herbarium (NCSLG), a small, well-maintained collection at North Carolina State University, with a focus on the powdery mildew fungi (<i>Erysiphaceae</i>). <i>Erysiphaceae</i> were selected due to their economic impact as plant pathogens and availability of extensive DNA sequence data for multiple barcode loci. Our research objectives included determining the number of phylogenetic species compared with those identified morphologically, and to identify undescribed species. We generated sequence data for 220 of the 299 powdery mildew specimens (73% success rate) in the herbarium, which represented 60 species in 10 genera, collected from 134 host plant species. Our analyses revealed that ~83% (183/220) of the sequenced specimens had identifications that were incorrect and/or outdated based on current genus/species concepts. Additionally, four new species are described: <i>Erysipheamphicarpaeicola</i>, <i>E.ulmi-alatae</i>, <i>E.quercus-virginianae</i>, and <i>Takamatsuellagrandii</i>. A specimen deposited at NCSLG is designated as an epitype for <i>Phyllactinialiriodendri</i>, and a species of <i>Phyllactinia</i> identified on <i>Carpinuscaroliniana</i>, as well as multiple species infecting <i>Quercus</i> spp., likely represent additional undescribed species that require more data. This research highlights the critical role of herbarium collections in uncovering fungal biodiversity, and underscores the importance of preserving these valuable resources, particularly with the growing trend to discard herbaria due to financial and space constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e156231"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12256997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Pestalotiopsis</i> (<i>Amphisphaeriales</i>, <i>Sporocadaceae</i>) species including six new taxa inhabiting pines from different climate zones in China.","authors":"Quan Chao Wang, Zhao Jie Zhan, Adil Sattar, Hao Nan Wang, Li Feng Zhou, Lori Eckhardt, Guo Qing Li, Fei Fei Liu, Hua Chao Xu, Xu Dong Zhou","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.151614","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.151614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pine forest is important in China. However, its health has been increasingly threatened by pine needle blight caused by <i>Pestalotiopsis</i> species. Although several fungal species residing in this genus have been recorded, the diversity of <i>Pestalotiopsis</i> species inhabiting pine trees remains largely unresolved. In this study, a total of 209 diseased pine needle samples were collected from three provinces including Shandong, Zhejiang and Guangdong representing different climate zones in China. Subsequently, 100 isolates resembling <i>Pestalotiopsis</i> were obtained and 74 selected for characterisation, based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (<i>tef1-α</i>) and beta-tubulin (<i>tub2</i>) regions, as well as a combination of morphological characteristics. Ten <i>Pestalotiopsis</i> species were characterised including four known species (<i>Pes.clavata</i>, <i>Pes.disseminata</i>, <i>Pes.guangxiensis</i> and <i>Pes.lushanensis</i>) and six new to science, of which (<i>Pes.jiangmenensis</i>, <i>Pes.massoniana</i>, <i>Pes.ningboensis</i>, <i>Pes.shanweiensis</i>, <i>Pes.thunbergii</i> and <i>Pes.wenzhouensis</i>) are described here. This study further represents the first report of <i>Pes.clavata</i> and <i>Pes.guangxiensis</i> on <i>Pinus</i>. The results enhance our understanding and knowledge on the diversity of <i>Pestalotiopsis</i> inhabiting pines in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e151614"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid and sensitive diagnosis of plant quarantine fungi <i>Alternariatriticina</i> and <i>Plenodomuslibanotidis</i> based on the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a system.","authors":"Dorji Phurbu, Zhipeng Feng, Lei Cai, Fang Liu","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.153604","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.153604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the increase in cross-border transmission in the context of globalization, the necessity for developing rapid and accurate detection methods for plant pathogens has become critical. This study introduces a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technique combined with CRISPR/Cas12a cleavage and fluorescence-based detection systems (FRB) or paper-based lateral flow strips (PLFS) for the rapid on-site detection of invasive alien fungi, specifically <i>Alternariatriticina</i> and <i>Plenodomuslibanotidis</i>, which pose significant threats to agriculture and biodiversity. The results demonstrate that either RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-FRB or RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-PLFS can accurately detect the target species within 30 min, with a sensitivity of up to 10 pg/μL. These portable and easy-to-use assays are suitable for rapid on-site screening of plant pathogenic fungi in plant tissues, enabling applications in disease control and port quarantine.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e153604"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emendation of morphology and infrageneric standards of <i>Parasola</i> (<i>Psathyrellaceae</i>, <i>Agaricales</i>) and its species diversity in China.","authors":"LiYang Zhu, Tolgor Bau","doi":"10.3897/imafungus.16.143796","DOIUrl":"10.3897/imafungus.16.143796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Parasola</i>, a significant lineage of coprinoid fungi, represents a basal clade within the family <i>Psathyrellaceae</i>, with species saprotrophic on soil, wood, or occasionally on dungs. While the infrageneric classification of Parasolahas been established into two sections,sect.Conopileae and sect.Parasola, based on phylogenetic studies, the corresponding morphological differentiation criteria remain poorly defined, and the species diversity of <i>Parasola</i> in China is poorly understood, with only eight known species previously recorded. Through extensive fieldwork across ten provinces in China, this study discovered eight proposed new species and three new records to the country, each accompanied by detailed description and line drawings. A molecular phylogenetic analysis, incorporating samples from China and other species confirmed by previous studies, was performed using multiple loci, including the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), the large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA (nrLSU), the translation elongation factor EF-1 alpha gene (tef1-α), and the beta-tubulin gene (β-tublin), and integrated with morphological features and geographic data. The results confirmed the current infrageneric classification of <i>Parasola</i> into two sections and established morphological differentiation criteria: (1) species in sect.Conopileae exhibit psathyrelloid basidiomata, while those in sect.Parasola display parasoloid basidiomata; (2) the formation of pileus plication due to the growth of secondary pileipellis at maturity distinguishes sect.Parasola, whereas its absence characterizes sect.Conopileae; and (3) the two sections differ in lamellae-stipe attachment types, influenced by the arrangement of caulocystidia at stipe's upper part- adjacent in sect.Conopileae without accumulated caulocystidia, and free in sect.Parasola with enlongated stipepellis hyphae bearing terminal cystidia. Notably, the presence or absence of sclerocystidia, a previously used classification criterion, no longer aligns with monophyletic grouping system of this genus. The study also explores the formation mechanism of the pileus plication and the free-type lamellae-stipe attachment in <i>Parasola</i>, highlighting evolutionary trends such as the emergence of secondary pileipellis, the increased distance between the stipe and gills, loss of sclerocystidia, transition from monomorphic to dimorphic basidia, the flattening and polygonalization of basidiospores, and the partialization of germ pores, all mapped onto phylogenetic framework. A taxonomic key to the species of Parasola, validated by phylogenetic results, is provided, enhancing our understanding of the morphological and phylogenetic diversity of <i>Parasola</i> and offering new insights into its infrageneric classification and evolutionary path.</p>","PeriodicalId":54345,"journal":{"name":"Ima Fungus","volume":"16 ","pages":"e143796"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12144557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}