Archives of Endocrinology Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Cocoa flavanol supplementation in optimizing post-exercise glycemic control in rats with normoglycemia or diabetes mellitus: findings from the ECODIA study.","authors":"Bruno Pereira Melo, Joyce Camilla Cruz de Oliveira, Aline Cruz Zacarias, Letícia Maria de Souza Cordeiro, João Gabriel da Silveira Rodrigues, Mara Lívia Dos Santos, Gleide Fernandes de Avelar, Romain Meeusen, Elsa Heyman, Camila Berbert Gomes, Pedro Henrique Madureira Ogando, Danusa Dias Soares","doi":"10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the acute effects of cocoa flavanol (CF) supplementation on glucose homeostasis, aerobic performance, and lactate concentration in rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and normoglycemia (NORM).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study included 28 male Wistar rats (220-290 g). Induction of T1DM (n = 8) was achieved through intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, while T2DM (n = 10) was induced using an ad libitum high-fat diet combined with a fructose-rich beverage. The rats in the NORM group (n = 10) received a standard diet for 30 days. Two experiments were conducted: (1) T1DM rats performed two successive 30-minute treadmill runs below the anaerobic threshold and (2) T2DM and NORM rats underwent two incremental maximal treadmill running tests, both after CF or placebo supplementation. Blood glucose concentrations were measured from pre-exercise to 60 minutes post-exercise.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Glycemic reduction at 60 minutes post-exercise was significantly potentiated by CF compared with placebo supplementation in T1DM, T2DM, and normoglycemic rats (p < 0.05 for all). In T2DM rats, CF induced a glycemic response comparable to the NORM placebo-supplemented condition. These effects of CF persisted despite variations in aerobic performance or lactate concentration after incremental exercise.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Supplementation with CF prior to physical exercise elicited a pronounced post-aerobic exercise glycemic reduction. This represents a promising strategy for mitigating the duration of hyperglycemia exposure after physical exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":54303,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Endocrinology Metabolism","volume":"68 ","pages":"e240169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gluten-free diets for metabolic control of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Yan Zhang, Suhong Yang, Pingping Wang","doi":"10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this review is to comprehensively assess the association between a gluten-free diet (GFD) and metabolic control of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children and adolescents with T1DM and with T1DM plus coeliac disease (CD). PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched until June 19, 2023. Primary outcomes were hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin dose, insulin dose adjusted A1c (IDAA1c), blood glucose (B-glu) at 90 min during Mixed Meal Tolerance Test (MMTT), C-peptide area under the curve (AUC), and C-peptide. Seven studies involving 355 T1DM patients were included. Three studies involving 141 patients compared a GFD to a standard diet in children and adolescents withT1DM without CD. Additionally, two studies with 164 patients examined the same diet comparison in those with T1DM and concurrent CD. A comparison between T1DM with CD and T1DM alone, using a GFD, was conducted in two studies encompassing 50 patients. Patients withT1DM alone had similar HbA1c [pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) = -0.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.0 to 0.1, P = 0.079] and IDAA1c (pooled WMD = -0.4, 95%CI: -0.9 to 0.1, P = 0.095) levels after a GFD and a standard diet. In children and adolescents withT1DM and CD, a GFD was associated with a significantly lower HbA1c compared with a standard diet (pooled WMD = -0.64, 95%CI: -1.22 to -0.05, P = 0.034). Insulin dose was significantly lower in T1DM combined with CD patients having a GFD vs a standard diet (pooled WMD = -0.34, 95%CI: -0.66 to -0.03, P = 0.032). Our study suggests that a GFD may offer significant benefits for children and adolescents with both T1DM and CD over a standard diet. While the evidence indicates improved glycemic control with a GFD, the quality of this evidence is low, highlighting the need for rigorous, randomized trials to confirm these preliminary findings. In the interim, enhancing dietary awareness and providing tailored nutritional guidance could be pivotal for optimizing glucose management in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":54303,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Endocrinology Metabolism","volume":"68 ","pages":"e240165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11995883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of adult patients with X-linked hypophosphatemia at a specialized center in Buenos Aires, Argentina.","authors":"Evangelina Giacoia, Laura María Schiró, Tatiana Martínez, María Celeste Balonga, Luisa Plantalech","doi":"10 20945/2359-4292-2024-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10 20945/2359-4292-2024-0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study objectives were to characterize adult patients with XLH treated at a referral center, assess their physical function and the impact of X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) on their quality of life, and estimate their adherence to conventional treatment.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Observational, retrospective study of patients with XLH from a referral center in Argentina, based on demographic and clinical data, complementary methods, and validated questionnaires (WOMAC, PROMIS, and SF-36).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen patients (age: 40.3 ± 13.2 years; female: 87.2%) were included. All patients had clinical and/or radiological skeletal manifestations (lower limb malformations and/or pseudofractures). The prevalence of clinical fractures was 60%. Hearing loss was the most frequent extra skeletal finding (67%). The WOMAC score was 47.8 ± 26 (62.5% of patients had ≥ 40 points). The PROMIS score was 23-33 (43% of patients) and ≥ 34 in 14% of patients. Except for emotional function, the median scores of the SF-36 domains were below 50 points. Only 20% of patients had good adherence to conventional treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adult patients with XLH have numerous unmet needs, with frequent bone and extraskeletal complications. Physical function and quality of life scores were poor. Adherence to conventional treatment was unsatisfactory. Long-term studies are required to characterize these patients and confirm the efficacy and safety of continuous treatment, such as anti-fibroblast growth factor-23 monoclonal antibodies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54303,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Endocrinology Metabolism","volume":"68 ","pages":"e240023"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arginine-vasopressin deficiency due to long COVID-associated infundibulo-neurohypophysitis.","authors":"Regina S Medeiros, Lígia Neves, Isabel Sousa, Bernardo Dias Pereira","doi":"10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long COVID is defined by the occurrence of signs, symptoms, and conditions that develop after COVID-19 and may affect several organs and systems. Arginine-vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D; central diabetes insipidus) is a very rare complication of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 immunization. Case reports, original studies, and reviews on AVP-D and long COVID published until February 2024 were retrieved from PubMed. A 47-year-old man presented with polydipsia, polyuria, memory loss, and mental fog 8 weeks after an episode of mild COVID-19. His past personal and family medical history were unremarkable. Biochemical evaluation was relevant for low urine osmolality and a 24-hour urine volume of 10,350 mL. Basal anterior pituitary evaluation was normal. A water deprivation test was started and interrupted after 2 hours due to the development of hypernatremia, high serum osmolality, and low urine osmolality. Urine osmolality significantly increased after intranasal desmopressin 20 μg. Contrast-enhanced pituitary MRI was suggestive of infundibulo-neurohypophysitis. Further biochemical, genetic, and imaging tests excluded secondary AVP-D causes.The patient was subsequently started on oral desmopressin, showing prompt response. After a follow-up of 20 months, he remained well-controlled with isolated AVP-D. Although molecular and histologic confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infundibulo-neurohypophysitis could not be investigated, a strong temporal relationship and the absence of an alternative diagnosis rendered plausible the inclusion of AVP-D in the myriad of long COVID manifestations. Further studies with patients recovered from COVID-19 are necessary for a better understanding of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical course of this very rare endocrine condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":54303,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Endocrinology Metabolism","volume":"68 ","pages":"e240168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leptin 30 years - A chat with Jeffrey M. Friedman.","authors":"Alexandre Moura-Assis, Licio A Velloso","doi":"10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0413","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54303,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Endocrinology Metabolism","volume":"68 ","pages":"e240413"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive factors for permanent hypoparathyroidism following total thyroidectomy: A retrospective cohort study of 5,671 cases.","authors":"Daniela Tamega Joaquim, Hugo Fontan Kohler, José Guilherme Vartanian, Luiz Paulo Kowalski, Genival Barbosa de Carvalho","doi":"10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the rates of permanent hypoparathyroidism based on demographic variables, patient comorbidities, clinical staging of the disease, surgery performed, and severity of transient hypoparathyroidism.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>This is a retrospective cohort study with patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with or without neck dissection between January 2014 and December 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>5,671 patients were analyzed, 966 (17)%) presented transient hypoparathyroidism and 106 (1.8%) developed permanent hypoparathyroidism. The logistic regression model analyzing the cohort of patients with transient hypoparathyroidism demonstrates that the number of dissected lymph nodes from the central compartment, immediate postoperative PTH levels, the necessity of postoperative intravenous (IV) calcium supplementation and the duration of IV calcium supplementation are significant predictors. When applied to the original dataset, this model presents a NPV of 1.0000 and a PPV of 0.9594 with an overall accuracy of 0.9624.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence of permanent hypoparathyroidism was closely associated with the extent of level VI dissection, particularly regarding the number of lymph nodes removed and whether the dissection was bilateral. Furthermore, the severity of post-operative hypocalcemia was demonstrated by the decrease in PTH levels, as well as the need for and duration of intravenous calcium supplementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54303,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Endocrinology Metabolism","volume":"68 ","pages":"e240379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic significance of the pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.","authors":"Yusuf Öztürk, Muhammet Kocabaş, Melia Karaköse, Mustafa Kulaksizoğlu, Feridun Karakurt","doi":"10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) is a novel inflammatory biomarker for evaluating inflammatory status in patients with cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of PIV in patients with differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs).</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>The study included 376 patients with DTC who underwent curative resection. The PIV was calculated using the formula (neutrophils × monocytes × platelets)/lymphocytes. The TNM stages 3-4 were considered advanced. Patients were also categorized into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups according to the AmericanThyroid Association (ATA) risk classification system. Demographic, laboratory, and clinicopathological data were obtained from the patients' files. The predictive value of PIV on TNM advanced stage, ATA high-risk category, and distant metastases was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimal PIV values for predicting TNM advanced stage, ATA high-risk category, and distant metastases were, respectively, 331.62 (area under the curve [AUC] 0.730, sensitivity 66.7%, specificity 64.8%), 365.52 (AUC 0.822, sensitivity 79.5%, specificity 76.9%), and 357.65 (AUC 0.774, sensitivity 75.2%, specificity 72%). On regression analysis, PIV ≥ 365.52 (odds ratio [OR] 29.150, 95% confidence interval [CI] 8.148-104.290, p < 0.001) and PIV ≥ 357.65 (OR 7.224, 95% CI 1.700-30.693, p = 0.007) emerged as independent risk factors for ATA high-risk category and distant metastases, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among patients with DTC, PIV is an independent risk factor for distant metastases and ATA high-risk category. While this finding must be supported by more comprehensive studies, PIV has the potential to be used as a prognostic biomarker in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":54303,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Endocrinology Metabolism","volume":"68 ","pages":"e240217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144058490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low testosterone is associated with steatosis in the male population with spinal cord injury.","authors":"Fernanda Barros Viana Coelho, José Tadeu Stefano, Claudia Pinto Marques Souza de Oliveira","doi":"10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in men with spinal cord injury (SCI) and to identify the independent factors associated with steatosis.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study. Inclusion criteria were males over 18 years of age with chronic traumatic SCI enrolled in a rehabilitation programme. A multivariable logistic regression model was constructed using a stepwise variable selection procedure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After exclusion criteria, 160 participants were included. The prevalence of MASLD was 19%. Men with hepatic steatosis were older, had a higher prevalence of hypogonadism, obesity and diabetes mellitus. Additionally, they exhibited significantly higher levels of ALT, AST and GGT. The mean time since the SCI was 7.8 years in those with steatosis and 4.3 years in those without. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed age (p < 0.001 OR: 1.07), time since SCI (p = 0.025, OR: 1.11) and total testosterone ≤ 300 ng/dL (p = 0.036, OR: 3.35) as significant independent variables associated with steatosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest a prevalence of MASLD in men with SCI similar to that of the general population. Independent factors associated with steatosis were age, time since injury and total testosterone. Notably, individuals with testosterone levels ≤ 300 ng/dL were 3.35 times more likely to have steatosis compared to those with higher testosterone levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":54303,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Endocrinology Metabolism","volume":"68 ","pages":"e240047"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between type 2 diabetes and dietary antioxidant index: a cross-sectional study in the Iranian population.","authors":"Zahra Roumi, Majid Kamali, Masoomeh Alsadat Mirshafaei, Saheb Abbas Torki, Bahareh Aminnezhad, Zahra Mahmoudi, Soheila Shekari, Ali Shamsi-Goushki, Kadijeh Abbasi Mobarakeh, Masoomeh Ataei Kachooei, Maryam Gholamalizadeh, Saeed Omidi, Parsa Bahmani, Saeid Doaei, Hamideh YazdiMoghaddam","doi":"10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the association between dietary antioxidant index (DAI) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the Iranian population.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>The present cross- sectional study comprised 4,241 participants aged from 35 to 70. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess dietary intake. The DAI score was determined using Wright's method, which quantifies the antioxidant content of the diet. Logistic and linear regression analyses were used to determine the link between DAI and T2D after adjusting for confounding variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Negative associations were found between T2D with total score of DAI (OR = 0.67, CI95%: 0.55-0.81, P = 0.001) and DAI score of zinc (OR = 0.53, CI95%: 0.40-0.72, P = 0.001), manganese (OR = 0.77, CI95%: 0.68-0.88, P = 0.001), and selenium (OR = 0.88, CI95%: 0.78-0.98, P = 0.010) after adjustments for age, sex, BMI, education level, marital status, occupation, physical activity, and calorie intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results indicate the significance of an antioxidant-rich diet in preventing T2D and its complications. Nevertheless, additional investigation is required to validate these findings and explore the fundamental mechanisms of the association of T2D and dietary antioxidants.</p>","PeriodicalId":54303,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Endocrinology Metabolism","volume":"68 ","pages":"e240170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144058497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunomodulatory agents and cell therapy for patients with type 1 diabetes.","authors":"Melanie Rodacki, Karina Ribeiro Silva, Debora Batista Araujo, Joana R Dantas, Maria Eduarda Nascimento Ramos, Lenita Zajdenverg, Leandra Santos Baptista","doi":"10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 1 diabetes (TID) is a chronic disease caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells, that progresses in three stages: 1) stage 1: β-cell autoimmunity + normoglycemia; 2) stage 2: β-cell autoimmunity + mild dysglycemia; 3) stage 3: symptomatic disease + hyperglycemia. Interventions to prevent or cure T1D in the various stages of the disease have been pursued and may target the prevention of the destruction of β cells, regression of insulitis, preservation or recovery of β cells residual mass. Some therapies show promising results that might change the natural history and the approach to patients with T1D in the next few years. Teplizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to CD3, was recently approved in the USA to delay Stage 3 T1D in individuals ≥ 8 years of age. Other non-cellular immunomodulatory therapies, both antigen-specific and non-specific, have shown interesting results either in patients with stage 2 or recent onset stage 3 T1D. Cell therapies such as non-myeloablative transplantation of autologous hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and tolerogenic dendritic cells have been also studied in these individuals, aiming immunomodulation. Stem cell-derived islet replacement therapy is promising for patients with long- standing T1D, especially with asymptomatic hypoglycemia not resolved by technology. This review aimed to provide updated information on the main immunomodulatory agents and cell therapy options for type 1 diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54303,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Endocrinology Metabolism","volume":"68 ","pages":"e240233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144058082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}