Forest Ecosystems最新文献

{"title":"Twenty years of population dynamics in European beech-oak forest at their rear range margin anticipate changes in its structure and composition","authors":"Álvaro Rubio-Cuadrado ,&nbsp;Iciar Alberdi ,&nbsp;Isabel Cañellas ,&nbsp;Fernando Montes ,&nbsp;Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada ,&nbsp;Rosana López ,&nbsp;Guillermo G. Gordaliza ,&nbsp;María Valbuena-Carabaña ,&nbsp;Nikos Nanos ,&nbsp;Ramón Perea ,&nbsp;Luis Gil","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is an increasing interest in restoring degraded forests, which occupy half of the forest areas. Among the forms of restoration, passive restoration, which involves the elimination of degrading factors and the free evolution of natural dynamics by applying minimal or no management, is gaining attention. Natural dynamics is difficult to predict due to the influence of multiple interacting factors such as climatic and edaphic conditions, composition and abundance of species, and the successional character of these species. Here, we study the natural dynamics of a mixed forest located in central Spain, which maintained an open forest structure, due to intensive use, until grazing and cutting were banned in the 1960s. The most frequent woody species in this forest are <em>Fagus sylvatica</em>, <em>Quercus petraea</em>, <em>Quercus pyrenaica</em>, <em>Ilex aquifolium</em>, <em>Sorbus aucuparia</em>, <em>Sorbus aria</em> and <em>Prunus avium</em>, with contrasting shade and drought tolerance. These species are common in temperate European deciduous forest and are found here near their southern distribution limit, except for <em>Q. pyrenaica</em>. In order to analyze forest dynamics and composition, three inventories were carried out in 1994, 2005 and 2015. Our results show that, despite the Mediterranean influence, the natural dynamics of this forest has been mainly determined by different levels of shade tolerance. After the abandonment of grazing and cutting, <em>Q. pyrenaica</em> expanded rapidly due to its lower shade tolerance, whereas after canopy closure and forest densification, shade-tolerant species gained ground, particularly <em>F. sylvatica</em>, despite its lower drought and late-frost tolerance. If the current dynamics continue, <em>F. sylvatica</em> will overtake the rest of the species, which will be relegated to sites with shallow soils and steep slopes. Simultaneously, all the multi-centennial beech trees, which are undergoing a rapid mortality and decline process, will disappear.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000332/pdfft?md5=942d4e61a090bcb2323950759cdb37ff&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000332-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140781740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subtropical forest macro-decomposers rapidly transfer litter carbon and nitrogen into soil mineral-associated organic matter","authors":"Guoxiang Niu ,&nbsp;Tao Liu ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhao ,&nbsp;Xuebing Zhang ,&nbsp;Huiling Guan ,&nbsp;Xiaoxiang He ,&nbsp;Xiankai Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Forest soils in tropical and subtropical areas store a significant amount of carbon. Recent frameworks to assess soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics under evolving global conditions suggest that dividing bulk SOM into particulate and mineral-associated organic matter (POM vs. MAOM) is a promising method for identifying how SOM contributes to reducing global warming. Soil macrofauna, earthworms, and millipedes have been found to play an important role in facilitating SOM processes. However, how these two co-existing macrofaunae impact the litter decomposition process and directly impact the formation of POM and MAOM remains unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Here, we set up a microcosm experiment, which consisted of 20 microcosms with four treatments: earthworm and litter addition (E), millipedes and litter addition (M), earthworm, millipedes, and litter addition (E+M), and control (only litter addition) in five replicates. The soil and litter were sterilized prior to beginning the incubation experiment to remove any existing microbes. After incubating the samples for 42 days, the litter properties (mass, C, and N contents), soil physicochemical properties, as well as the C and N contents, and POM and MAOM ¹³C abundance in the 0–5 and 5–10 ​cm soil layers were measured. Finally, the relative influences of soil physicochemical and microbial properties on the distribution of C and N in the soil fractions were analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The litter mass, C, and N associated with all four treatments significantly decreased after incubation, especially under treatment E+M (litter mass: −58.8%, litter C: −57.0%, litter N: −75.1%, respectively), while earthworm biomass significantly decreased under treatment E. Earthworm or millipede addition alone showed no significant effects on the organic carbon (OC) and total nitrogen (TN) content in the POM fraction, but joint addition of both significantly increased OC and TN regardless of soil depth. Importantly, all three macrofauna treatments increased the OC and TN content and decreased the ¹³C abundance in the MAOM fraction. More than 65% of the total variations in the distribution of OC and TN throughout the two fractions can be explained by a combination of soil physicochemical and microbial properties. Changes in the OC distribution in the 0–5 ​cm soil layer are likely due to a decrease in soil pH and an increase in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), while those in the 5–10 ​cm layer are probably caused by increases in soil exchangeable Ca and Mg, in addition to fungi and gram-negative (GN) bacteria. The observed TN distribution changes in the 0–5 ​cm soil likely resulted from a decrease in soil pH and increases in AMF, GN, and gram-negative (GP) bacteria, while TN distribution changes in the 5–10 ​cm soil could be explained by increases in exchangeable Mg and GN bacteria.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results indicate that t","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000083/pdfft?md5=3b5f16d25939e327089fe871100910c0&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000083-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139873491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deadwood position matters: Diversity and biomass of saproxylic beetles in a temperate beech forest","authors":"Václav Zumr,&nbsp;Oto Nakládal,&nbsp;Josef Gallo,&nbsp;Jiří Remeš","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Deadwood plays a key role for biodiversity in forests. A significant number of beetles from this group are currently listed as endangered in the Red List. In addition to other management recommendations, there have been recent efforts to enrich stands with dead wood to promote biodiversity. An important parameter for forestry enterprises is the optimization of these interventions. The study investigated the abundance, species richness, gamma diversity, conservation value and biomass of saproxylic beetles in natural forests using window traps. A total of 89 traps were used for saproxylic beetle monitoring, of which 29 were placed on lying logs, 30 on snags and 30 as controls in forest stand space. A total of 35,011 beetles were recorded in 564 species (61 families). Notably, 20,515 of these belong to saproxylic beetles (59%) in 311 species (55%), with 62 classified as Red-List species (20%). In the group of ‘all saproxylic beetles’, the results indicate that <em>α</em> diversity and γ diversity (<em>q</em> ​= ​0) remain consistent across various deadwood types, while <em>β</em> diversity showed significant differences. Significant differences were found in the Red-List species group, where <em>α</em> diversity and <em>γ</em> diversity differed, with higher values observed in snags. Rarefaction based total species richness of site was estimated to be 391 species, including 74 Red-Listed species. Comparing the sample coverage of the studied stand categories showed that all saproxylic species exhibit a pronounced preference for inhabiting areas featuring lying logs. Conversely, Red-List species mainly inhabit snags, with β diversity being more similar to snags and forest stand space. Notably, both the conservation value (weighted average by conservation status) and beetle biomass are significantly highest in snags, whereas stand space shows the lowest values across all measured saproxylic beetle indices. Furthermore, the use of traps set on the poles in forest stand space resulted in an underestimation of the actual stand richness by 20%–25%. Our results support the conclusion that snags are indispensable features in beech forests, playing a key role in promoting high species diversity, especially among Red-List species, and supporting the biomass of saproxylic beetles. Consequently, it becomes crucial to incorporate a higher percentage of standing deadwood in managed forests or actively create equivalent environments by introducing high stumps.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000101/pdfft?md5=bd9873ef433650a0ed534c91fcc9a5a6&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000101-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139822689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leaf habit differentiation explains trait tradeoffs across savanna woody plants","authors":"Yangsiding Wang ,&nbsp;Da Yang ,&nbsp;German Vargas G. ,&nbsp;Guangyou Hao ,&nbsp;Jennifer S. Powers ,&nbsp;Yan Ke ,&nbsp;Qin Wang ,&nbsp;Yunbing Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiaolin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Identifying how leaf habit subdivisions link to the fast–slow and avoidance–tolerance trait tradeoffs can provide new insight into divergence in ecophysiological strategies among plant functional groups. Here, we tested a hypothesis that the differentiation across deciduous, semi-deciduous and evergreen woody species contributes to physiological trait tradeoffs in a dry-hot valley savanna. We investigated 11 photosynthetic, morphological and hydraulic traits of 24 species including 8 deciduous, 10 semi-deciduous and 6 evergreen species. Deciduous species were grouped in the fast and avoidance side associated with high values of maximum photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductance and leaf size, while evergreen species were grouped in the slow and tolerance side associated with high photosynthetic water use efficiency, leaf mass per area, sapwood density, Huber value, leaf water potential at turgor loss point and water potential causing 50% loss of stem hydraulic conductance. Semi-deciduous species generally had intermediate trait values and represented different physiological characteristics when compared to deciduous and evergreen species. The physiological trait tradeoffs showed a close linkage to the differentiation of these three leaf habits. Our findings clearly reveal trait tradeoffs related to fast–slow and avoidance–tolerance strategies among diverse savanna plants, suggesting a syndrome in multiple ecophysiology strategies across different leaf habits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000265/pdfft?md5=3f4fd3779e4b6f0aa88fdbb309323671&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000265-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140552382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of data aggregation on long-term projections of forest stands development","authors":"Kobra Maleki,&nbsp;Rasmus Astrup,&nbsp;Nicolas Cattaneo,&nbsp;Wilson Lara Henao,&nbsp;Clara Antón-Fernández","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Forest management planning often relies on Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS)-based Forest Management Inventories (FMIs) for sustainable and efficient decision-making. Employing the area-based (ABA) approach, these inventories estimate forest characteristics for grid cell areas (pixels), which are then usually summarized at the stand level. Using the ALS-based high-resolution Norwegian Forest Resource Maps (16 ​m ​× ​16 ​m pixel resolution) alongside with <em>stand-level</em> growth and yield models, this study explores the impact of three levels of pixel aggregation (<em>stand-level</em>, <em>stand-level with species strata</em>, and <em>pixel-level</em>) on projected stand development. The results indicate significant differences in the projected outputs based on the aggregation level. Notably, the most substantial difference in estimated volume occurred between <em>stand-level</em> and <em>pixel-level</em> aggregation, ranging from −301 to +253 ​m³⋅ha⁻¹ for single stands. The differences were, on average, higher for broadleaves than for spruce and pine dominated stands, and for mixed stands and stands with higher variability than for pure and homogenous stands. In conclusion, this research underscores the critical role of input data resolution in forest planning and management, emphasizing the need for improved data collection practices to ensure sustainable forest management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000356/pdfft?md5=2ff5a56f6ac79dfa104a9e9e412358b2&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000356-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140894909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dominance of rock exposure and soil depth in leaf trait networks outweighs soil quality in karst limestone and dolomite habitats","authors":"Min Jiao,&nbsp;Jiawei Yan,&nbsp;Ying Zhao,&nbsp;Tingting Xia,&nbsp;Kaiping Shen,&nbsp;Yuejun He","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Leaf trait networks (LTNs) visualize the intricate linkages reflecting plant trait-functional coordination. Typical karst vegetation, developed from lithological dolomite and limestone, generally exhibits differential communities, possibly due to habitat rock exposure, soil depth, and soil physicochemical properties variations, leading to a shift from plant trait variation to functional linkages. However, how soil and habitat quality affect the differentiation of leaf trait networks remains unclear. LTNs were constructed for typical dolomite and limestone habitats by analyzing twenty-one woody plant leaf traits across fifty-six forest subplots in karst mountains. The differences between dolomite and limestone LTNs were compared using network parameters. The network association of soil and habitat quality was analyzed using redundancy analysis (RDA), Mantle's test, and a random forest model. The limestone LTN exhibited significantly higher edge density with lower diameter and average path length when compared to the dolomite LTN. It indicates LTN differentiation, with the limestone network displaying a more compact architecture and higher connectivity than the dolomite network. The specific leaf phosphorus and leaf nitrogen contents of dolomite LTN, as well as the leaf mass and leaf carbon contents of limestone LTN, significantly contributed to network degree and closeness, serving as crucial node traits regulating LTN connectedness. Additionally, both habitat LTNs significantly correlated with soil nitrogen and phosphorus, stoichiometric ratios, pH, and organic carbon, as well as soil depth and rock exposure rates, with soil depth and rock exposure showing greater relative importance. Soil depth and rock exposure dominate trait network differentiation, with the limestone habitat exhibiting a more compact network architecture than the dolomite habitat.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000563/pdfft?md5=e560e171e1ac18d0eddd53f67cca4059&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000563-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141582456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terrain or climate factor dominates vegetation resilience? Evidence from three national parks across different climatic zones in China","authors":"Shuang Liu ,&nbsp;Lingxin Wu ,&nbsp;Shiyong Zhen ,&nbsp;Qinxian Lin ,&nbsp;Xisheng Hu ,&nbsp;Jian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vegetation resilience (VR), providing an objective measure of ecosystem health, has received considerable attention, however, there is still limited understanding of whether the dominant factors differ across different climate zones. We took the three national parks (Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, HTR; Wuyishan National Park, WYS; and Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park, NTL) of China with less human interference as cases, which are distributed in different climatic zones, including tropical, subtropical and temperate monsoon climates, respectively. Then, we employed the probabilistic decay method to explore the spatio-temporal changes in the VR and their natural driving patterns using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model as well. The results revealed that: (1) from 2000 to 2020, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of the three national parks fluctuated between 0.800 and 0.960, exhibiting an overall upward trend, with the mean NDVI of NTL (0.923) ​&gt; ​HTR (0.899) ​&gt; ​WYS (0.823); (2) the positive trend decay time of vegetation exceeded that of negative trend, indicating vegetation gradual recovery of the three national parks since 2012; (3) the VR of HTR was primarily influenced by elevation, aspect, average ​annual temperature change (AATC), and average annual precipitation change (AAPC); the WYS’ VR was mainly affected by elevation, average ​annual precipitation (AAP), and AAPC; while the terrain factors (elevation and slope) were the main driving factors of VR in NTL; (4) among the main factors influencing the VR changes, the AAPC had the highest proportion in HTR (66.7%), and the AAP occupied the largest area proportion in WYS (80.4%). While in NTL, elevation served as the main driving factor for the VR, encompassing 64.2% of its area. Consequently, our findings indicated that precipitation factors were the main driving force for the VR changes in HTR and WYS national parks, while elevation was the main factors that drove the VR in NTL. Our research has promoted a deeper understanding of the driving mechanism behind the VR.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000484/pdfft?md5=e442f83ba23a7848f1262720ae3f4aff&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000484-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141324750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in tree mortality among plant functional types (PFTs) in a temperate forest: Insights into size-dependent and PFT-specific patterns","authors":"Man Hu ,&nbsp;Hang Shi ,&nbsp;Rui He ,&nbsp;Bingbin Wen ,&nbsp;Haikun Liu ,&nbsp;Kerong Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao Shu ,&nbsp;Haishan Dang ,&nbsp;Quanfa Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tree mortality significantly influences forest structure and function, yet our understanding of its dynamic patterns among a range of tree sizes and among different plant functional types (PFTs) remains incomplete. This study analysed size-dependent tree mortality in a temperate forest, encompassing 46 tree species and 32,565 individuals across different PFTs (i.e., evergreen conifer vs. deciduous broadleaf species, shade-tolerant vs. shade-intolerant species). By employing all-subset regression procedures and logistic generalized linear mixed-effects models, we identified distinct mortality patterns influenced by biotic and abiotic factors. Our results showed a stable mortality pattern in evergreen conifer species, contrasted by a declining pattern in deciduous broadleaf and shade-tolerant, as well as shade-intolerant species, across size classes. The contribution to tree mortality of evergreen conifer species shifted from abiotic to biotic factors with increasing size, while the mortality of deciduous broadleaf species was mainly influenced by biotic factors, such as initial diameter at breast height (DBH) and conspecific negative density. For shade-tolerant species, the mortality of small individuals was mainly determined by initial DBH and conspecific negative density dependence, whereas the mortality of large individuals was subjected to the combined effect of biotic (competition from neighbours) and abiotic factors (i.e., convexity and pH). As for shade-intolerant species, competition from neighbours was found to be the main driver of tree mortality throughout their growth stages. Thus, these insights enhance our understanding of forest dynamics by revealing the size-dependent and PFT-specific tree mortality patterns, which may inform strategies for maintaining forest diversity and resilience in temperate forest ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000447/pdfft?md5=67b49fa6a809516f2ff805b84975cf5c&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000447-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141328828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought events influence nutrient canopy exchanges and green leaf partitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest","authors":"J. Touche ,&nbsp;C. Calvaruso ,&nbsp;P. De Donato ,&nbsp;M.-P. Turpault","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events expected in the coming decades in Western Europe may disturb forest biogeochemical cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in trees. One possible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period between resorption, foliar leaching and senesced leaves. However, the effects of drought events on this partitioning and the consequences for the maintenance of tree nutrition are poorly documented. An experiment in a beech forest in Meuse (France) was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canopy exchanges and on the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period. The aim was to identify potential nutritional consequences of droughts for trees. Monitoring nutrient dynamics, including resorption, chemistry of green and senesced leaves, foliar absorption and leaching in mature beech stands from 2012 to 2019 allowed us to compare the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years (i.e., with an intense drought event during the growing season). During dry years, we observed a decrease by almost a third of the potassium (K) partitioning to resorption (i.e. resorption efficiency), thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing season. This result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity expected for the coming decades, there will be a risk of potassium deficiency in trees, as already observed in a rainfall exclusion experiment on the same study site. Reduced foliar leaching and higher parititioning to the senesced leaves for K and phosphorus (P) were also observed. In addition, a slight increase in nitrogen (N) resorption efficiency occurred during dry years which is more likely to improve tree nutrition. The calcium (Ca) negative resorption decreased, with no apparent consequence in our study site. Our results show that nutrient exchanges in the canopy and the partitioning of the green leaf pool can be modified by drought events, and may have consequences on tree nutrition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000095/pdfft?md5=31bd134f38e931c749e4c9c8de55bb52&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000095-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139813625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Encroachment drives facilitation at alpine shrublines","authors":"Yafeng Wang ,&nbsp;Eryuan Liang ,&nbsp;J. Julio Camarero","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ongoing encroachment is driving recent alpine shrubline dynamics globally, but the role of shrub-shrub interactions in shaping shrublines and their relationships with stem density changes remain poorly understood. Here, the size and age of shrubs from 26 <em>Salix</em> shrubline populations along a 900-km latitudinal gradient (30°–38° N) were measured and mapped across the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Point pattern analyses were used to quantify the spatial distribution patterns of juveniles and adults, and to assess spatial associations between them. Mean intensity of univariate and bivariate spatial patterns was related to biotic and abiotic variables. Bivariate mark correlation functions with a quantitative mark (shrub height, basal stem diameter, crown width) were also employed to investigate the spatial relationships between shrub traits of juveniles and adults. Structural equation models were used to explore the relationships among conspecific interactions, patterns, shrub traits and recruitment dynamics under climate change. Most shrublines showed clustered patterns, suggesting the existence of conspecific facilitation. Clustered patterns of juveniles and conspecific interactions (potentially facilitation) tended to intensify with increasing soil moisture stress. Summer warming before 2010 triggered positive effects on population interactions and spatial patterns via increased shrub recruitment. However, summer warming after 2010 triggered negative effects on interactions through reduced shrub recruitment. Therefore, shrub recruitment shifts under rapid climate change could impact spatial patterns, alter conspecific interactions and modify the direction and degree of shrublines responses to climate. These changes would have profound implications for the stability of alpine woody ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000046/pdfft?md5=b91ba0aeda40c7197f0032f771041d6a&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000046-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139544461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}