Forest Ecosystems最新文献

{"title":"Short lifespan and ‘prime period’ of carbon sequestration call for multi-ages in dryland tree plantations","authors":"Chongyang Xu ,&nbsp;Xiuchen Wu ,&nbsp;Yuhong Tian ,&nbsp;Liang Shi ,&nbsp;Yang Qi ,&nbsp;Jingjing Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongyan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Enhancing forest cover is important for effective climate change mitigation. Studies suggest that drylands are promising areas for expanding forests, but conflicts arise with increased forest area and water consumption. Recent tree mortality in drylands raises concerns about carbon sequestration potential in tree plantations. Using Chinese dryland tree plantations as an example, we compared their growth with natural forests. Our results suggested plantation trees grew 1.6–2.1 times faster in juvenile phases, significantly shortening time to maturity (13.5 vs. 30 years) compared to natural forests, potentially stemming from simple plantation age structures. Different from natural forests, 74% of trees in plantations faced growth decline, indicating a short “prime period” for carbon sequestration and even a short lifespan. Additionally, a negative relationship between evapotranspiration and tree growth was observed in tree plantations since maturity, leading to high sensitivities of trees to vapor pressure deficit and soil water. However, this was not observed in natural forests. To address this, we suggest afforestation in drylands should consider complex age structures, ensuring a longer prime period for carbon sequestration and life expectancy in tree plantations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000605/pdfft?md5=90ec1f78de6c44c98c81a11a1e29efe9&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000605-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141786054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity-biomass relationships are shaped by tree mycorrhizal associations and stand structural diversity at different spatial scales","authors":"Rui Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuaifeng Li ,&nbsp;Xiaobo Huang ,&nbsp;Cong Li ,&nbsp;Chonghua Xu ,&nbsp;Jianrong Su","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diversity-biomass relationships (DBRs) in terrestrial ecosystems tend to vary across spatial scales, but, particularly in hyperdiverse forests, the mechanisms driving these trends remain uncertain. Until now, few have simultaneously investigated the connections between tree species diversity, stand structural diversity, mycorrhizal associations, and ecosystem functioning. In addition, DBRs have only been studied at limited spatial scales, with limited focus on the direct and indirect effects of environmental factors. We addressed these research gaps using a 30-ha forest dynamics plot located in Pu'er City, Southwest China. Through piecewise structural equation models, we quantified the direct effects of tree species diversity (α, β, γ), stand structural diversity, mycorrhizal associations (AM, EcM), and the environmental factors (soil fertility and topography), as well as the indirect effects of the environmental factors on aboveground tree biomass across spatial scales ranging from 400 to 230,400 ​m². We hypothesized that complex interactions among these factors underpin the variation in DBRs in natural ecosystems across spatial scales. Our results showed that environmental conditions indirectly affected the tree biomass via changes in tree species diversity, and these effects became stronger as the spatial scale increased. At small to moderate spatial scales, environmental factors were more predictive of tree biomass than tree species diversity (or its components); the effects of stand structural diversity on biomass also gradually increased with spatial scale. Conversely, from the intermediate to the largest spatial scales, mycorrhizal associations gradually became the best predictors of DBR dynamics. Our research offers novel empirical evidence demonstrating the importance of environmental conditions, structural diversity, and mycorrhizal associations in shaping cross-scale DBRs. Future comprehensive studies should consider these factors to assess the mechanisms shaping scale-dependent DBRs in complex natural ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000708/pdfft?md5=c070897fb67d8d0fd2e305025df45572&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000708-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142075863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nexus of certain model-based estimators in remote sensing forest inventory","authors":"Yan Zheng ,&nbsp;Zhengyang Hou ,&nbsp;Göran Ståhl ,&nbsp;Ronald E. McRoberts ,&nbsp;Weisheng Zeng ,&nbsp;Erik Næsset ,&nbsp;Terje Gobakken ,&nbsp;Bo Li ,&nbsp;Qing Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Remote sensing (RS) facilitates forest inventory across a wide range of variables required by the UNFCCC as well as by other agreements and processes. The Conventional model-based (CMB) estimator supports wall-to-wall RS data, while Hybrid estimators support surveys where RS data are available as a sample. However, the connection between these two types of monitoring procedures has been unclear, hindering the reconciliation of wall-to-wall and non-wall-to-wall use of RS data in practical applications and thus potentially impeding cost-efficient deployment of high-end sensing instruments for large area monitoring. Consequently, our objectives are to (1) shed further light on the connections between different types of Hybrid estimators, and between CMB and Hybrid estimators, through mathematical analyses and Monte Carlo simulations; and (2) compare the effects and explore the tradeoffs related to the RS sampling design, coverage rate, and cluster size on estimation precision. Primary findings are threefold: (1) the CMB estimator represents a special case of Hybrid estimators, signifying that wall-to-wall RS data is a particular instance of sample-based RS data; (2) the precision of estimators in forest inventory can be greater for stratified non-wall-to-wall RS data compared to wall-to-wall RS data; (3) otherwise cost-prohibitive sensing, such as LiDAR and UAV, can support large scale monitoring through collecting RS data as a sample. These conclusions may reconcile different perspectives regarding choice of RS instruments, data acquisition, and cost for continuous observations, particularly in the context of surveys aiming at providing data for mitigating climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100245"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000812/pdfft?md5=769ca58bb6904eacbac71214b1f655d0&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000812-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142230687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leaf habit differentiation explains trait tradeoffs across savanna woody plants","authors":"Yangsiding Wang ,&nbsp;Da Yang ,&nbsp;German Vargas G. ,&nbsp;Guangyou Hao ,&nbsp;Jennifer S. Powers ,&nbsp;Yan Ke ,&nbsp;Qin Wang ,&nbsp;Yunbing Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiaolin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Identifying how leaf habit subdivisions link to the fast–slow and avoidance–tolerance trait tradeoffs can provide new insight into divergence in ecophysiological strategies among plant functional groups. Here, we tested a hypothesis that the differentiation across deciduous, semi-deciduous and evergreen woody species contributes to physiological trait tradeoffs in a dry-hot valley savanna. We investigated 11 photosynthetic, morphological and hydraulic traits of 24 species including 8 deciduous, 10 semi-deciduous and 6 evergreen species. Deciduous species were grouped in the fast and avoidance side associated with high values of maximum photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductance and leaf size, while evergreen species were grouped in the slow and tolerance side associated with high photosynthetic water use efficiency, leaf mass per area, sapwood density, Huber value, leaf water potential at turgor loss point and water potential causing 50% loss of stem hydraulic conductance. Semi-deciduous species generally had intermediate trait values and represented different physiological characteristics when compared to deciduous and evergreen species. The physiological trait tradeoffs showed a close linkage to the differentiation of these three leaf habits. Our findings clearly reveal trait tradeoffs related to fast–slow and avoidance–tolerance strategies among diverse savanna plants, suggesting a syndrome in multiple ecophysiology strategies across different leaf habits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000265/pdfft?md5=3f4fd3779e4b6f0aa88fdbb309323671&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000265-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140552382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Litter quality and decomposer complexity co-drive effect of drought on decomposition","authors":"Shumei Wang ,&nbsp;Junwei Luan ,&nbsp;Siyu Li ,&nbsp;Jinhao Ma ,&nbsp;Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Shirong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Litter decomposition is key to ecosystem carbon (C) and nutrient cycling, but this process is anticipated to weaken due to projected more extensive and prolonged drought. Yet how litter quality and decomposer community complexity regulate decomposition in response to drought is less understood. Here, in a five-year manipulative drought experiment in a Masson pine forest, leaf litter from four subtropical tree species (<em>Quercus griffithii</em> Hook.f. &amp; Thomson ex Miq., <em>Acacia mangium</em> Willd., <em>Pinus massoniana</em> Lamb., <em>Castanopsis hystrix</em> Miq.) representing different qualities was decomposed for 350 ​d in litterbags of three different mesh sizes (i.e., 0.05, 1, and 5 ​mm), respectively, under natural conditions and a 50% throughfall rain exclusion treatment. Litterbags of increasing mesh sizes discriminate decomposer communities (i.e., microorganisms, microorganisms and mesofauna, microorganisms and meso- and macrofauna) that access the litter and represent an increasing complexity. The amount of litter C and nitrogen (N) loss, and changes in their ratio (C/N_loss), as well as small and medium-sized decomposers including microorganisms, nematodes, and arthropods, were investigated. We found that drought did not affect C and N loss but decreased C/N_loss (i.e., decomposer N use efficiency) of leaf litter irrespective of litter quality and decomposer complexity. However, changes in the C/N_loss and the drought effect on C loss were both dependent on litter quality, while drought and decomposer complexity interactively affected litter C and N loss. Increasing decomposer community complexity enhanced litter decomposition and allowing additional access of meso- and macro-fauna to litterbags mitigated the negative drought effect on the microbial-driven decomposition. Furthermore, both the increased diversity and altered trophic structure of nematode due to drought contributed to the mitigation effects via cascading interactions. Our results show that litter quality and soil decomposer community complexity co-drive the effect of drought on litter decomposition. This experimental finding provides a new insight into the mechanisms controlling forest floor C and nutrient cycling under future global change scenarios.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100194"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000307/pdfft?md5=d6b9daf948b6e70e1c9585558bbb1e42&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000307-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140639384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deadwood position matters: Diversity and biomass of saproxylic beetles in a temperate beech forest","authors":"Václav Zumr,&nbsp;Oto Nakládal,&nbsp;Josef Gallo,&nbsp;Jiří Remeš","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Deadwood plays a key role for biodiversity in forests. A significant number of beetles from this group are currently listed as endangered in the Red List. In addition to other management recommendations, there have been recent efforts to enrich stands with dead wood to promote biodiversity. An important parameter for forestry enterprises is the optimization of these interventions. The study investigated the abundance, species richness, gamma diversity, conservation value and biomass of saproxylic beetles in natural forests using window traps. A total of 89 traps were used for saproxylic beetle monitoring, of which 29 were placed on lying logs, 30 on snags and 30 as controls in forest stand space. A total of 35,011 beetles were recorded in 564 species (61 families). Notably, 20,515 of these belong to saproxylic beetles (59%) in 311 species (55%), with 62 classified as Red-List species (20%). In the group of ‘all saproxylic beetles’, the results indicate that <em>α</em> diversity and γ diversity (<em>q</em> ​= ​0) remain consistent across various deadwood types, while <em>β</em> diversity showed significant differences. Significant differences were found in the Red-List species group, where <em>α</em> diversity and <em>γ</em> diversity differed, with higher values observed in snags. Rarefaction based total species richness of site was estimated to be 391 species, including 74 Red-Listed species. Comparing the sample coverage of the studied stand categories showed that all saproxylic species exhibit a pronounced preference for inhabiting areas featuring lying logs. Conversely, Red-List species mainly inhabit snags, with β diversity being more similar to snags and forest stand space. Notably, both the conservation value (weighted average by conservation status) and beetle biomass are significantly highest in snags, whereas stand space shows the lowest values across all measured saproxylic beetle indices. Furthermore, the use of traps set on the poles in forest stand space resulted in an underestimation of the actual stand richness by 20%–25%. Our results support the conclusion that snags are indispensable features in beech forests, playing a key role in promoting high species diversity, especially among Red-List species, and supporting the biomass of saproxylic beetles. Consequently, it becomes crucial to incorporate a higher percentage of standing deadwood in managed forests or actively create equivalent environments by introducing high stumps.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000101/pdfft?md5=bd9873ef433650a0ed534c91fcc9a5a6&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000101-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139822689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subtropical forest macro-decomposers rapidly transfer litter carbon and nitrogen into soil mineral-associated organic matter","authors":"Guoxiang Niu ,&nbsp;Tao Liu ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhao ,&nbsp;Xuebing Zhang ,&nbsp;Huiling Guan ,&nbsp;Xiaoxiang He ,&nbsp;Xiankai Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100172","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Forest soils in tropical and subtropical areas store a significant amount of carbon. Recent frameworks to assess soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics under evolving global conditions suggest that dividing bulk SOM into particulate and mineral-associated organic matter (POM vs. MAOM) is a promising method for identifying how SOM contributes to reducing global warming. Soil macrofauna, earthworms, and millipedes have been found to play an important role in facilitating SOM processes. However, how these two co-existing macrofaunae impact the litter decomposition process and directly impact the formation of POM and MAOM remains unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here, we set up a microcosm experiment, which consisted of 20 microcosms with four treatments: earthworm and litter addition (E), millipedes and litter addition (M), earthworm, millipedes, and litter addition (E+M), and control (only litter addition) in five replicates. The soil and litter were sterilized prior to beginning the incubation experiment to remove any existing microbes. After incubating the samples for 42 days, the litter properties (mass, C, and N contents), soil physicochemical properties, as well as the C and N contents, and POM and MAOM &lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C abundance in the 0–5 and 5–10 ​cm soil layers were measured. Finally, the relative influences of soil physicochemical and microbial properties on the distribution of C and N in the soil fractions were analyzed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The litter mass, C, and N associated with all four treatments significantly decreased after incubation, especially under treatment E+M (litter mass: −58.8%, litter C: −57.0%, litter N: −75.1%, respectively), while earthworm biomass significantly decreased under treatment E. Earthworm or millipede addition alone showed no significant effects on the organic carbon (OC) and total nitrogen (TN) content in the POM fraction, but joint addition of both significantly increased OC and TN regardless of soil depth. Importantly, all three macrofauna treatments increased the OC and TN content and decreased the &lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C abundance in the MAOM fraction. More than 65% of the total variations in the distribution of OC and TN throughout the two fractions can be explained by a combination of soil physicochemical and microbial properties. Changes in the OC distribution in the 0–5 ​cm soil layer are likely due to a decrease in soil pH and an increase in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), while those in the 5–10 ​cm layer are probably caused by increases in soil exchangeable Ca and Mg, in addition to fungi and gram-negative (GN) bacteria. The observed TN distribution changes in the 0–5 ​cm soil likely resulted from a decrease in soil pH and increases in AMF, GN, and gram-negative (GP) bacteria, while TN distribution changes in the 5–10 ​cm soil could be explained by increases in exchangeable Mg and GN bacteria.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The results indicate that t","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100172"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000083/pdfft?md5=3b5f16d25939e327089fe871100910c0&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000083-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139873491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twenty years of population dynamics in European beech-oak forest at their rear range margin anticipate changes in its structure and composition","authors":"Álvaro Rubio-Cuadrado ,&nbsp;Iciar Alberdi ,&nbsp;Isabel Cañellas ,&nbsp;Fernando Montes ,&nbsp;Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada ,&nbsp;Rosana López ,&nbsp;Guillermo G. Gordaliza ,&nbsp;María Valbuena-Carabaña ,&nbsp;Nikos Nanos ,&nbsp;Ramón Perea ,&nbsp;Luis Gil","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is an increasing interest in restoring degraded forests, which occupy half of the forest areas. Among the forms of restoration, passive restoration, which involves the elimination of degrading factors and the free evolution of natural dynamics by applying minimal or no management, is gaining attention. Natural dynamics is difficult to predict due to the influence of multiple interacting factors such as climatic and edaphic conditions, composition and abundance of species, and the successional character of these species. Here, we study the natural dynamics of a mixed forest located in central Spain, which maintained an open forest structure, due to intensive use, until grazing and cutting were banned in the 1960s. The most frequent woody species in this forest are <em>Fagus sylvatica</em>, <em>Quercus petraea</em>, <em>Quercus pyrenaica</em>, <em>Ilex aquifolium</em>, <em>Sorbus aucuparia</em>, <em>Sorbus aria</em> and <em>Prunus avium</em>, with contrasting shade and drought tolerance. These species are common in temperate European deciduous forest and are found here near their southern distribution limit, except for <em>Q. pyrenaica</em>. In order to analyze forest dynamics and composition, three inventories were carried out in 1994, 2005 and 2015. Our results show that, despite the Mediterranean influence, the natural dynamics of this forest has been mainly determined by different levels of shade tolerance. After the abandonment of grazing and cutting, <em>Q. pyrenaica</em> expanded rapidly due to its lower shade tolerance, whereas after canopy closure and forest densification, shade-tolerant species gained ground, particularly <em>F. sylvatica</em>, despite its lower drought and late-frost tolerance. If the current dynamics continue, <em>F. sylvatica</em> will overtake the rest of the species, which will be relegated to sites with shallow soils and steep slopes. Simultaneously, all the multi-centennial beech trees, which are undergoing a rapid mortality and decline process, will disappear.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100197"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000332/pdfft?md5=942d4e61a090bcb2323950759cdb37ff&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000332-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140781740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of data aggregation on long-term projections of forest stands development","authors":"Kobra Maleki,&nbsp;Rasmus Astrup,&nbsp;Nicolas Cattaneo,&nbsp;Wilson Lara Henao,&nbsp;Clara Antón-Fernández","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Forest management planning often relies on Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS)-based Forest Management Inventories (FMIs) for sustainable and efficient decision-making. Employing the area-based (ABA) approach, these inventories estimate forest characteristics for grid cell areas (pixels), which are then usually summarized at the stand level. Using the ALS-based high-resolution Norwegian Forest Resource Maps (16 ​m ​× ​16 ​m pixel resolution) alongside with <em>stand-level</em> growth and yield models, this study explores the impact of three levels of pixel aggregation (<em>stand-level</em>, <em>stand-level with species strata</em>, and <em>pixel-level</em>) on projected stand development. The results indicate significant differences in the projected outputs based on the aggregation level. Notably, the most substantial difference in estimated volume occurred between <em>stand-level</em> and <em>pixel-level</em> aggregation, ranging from −301 to +253 ​m³⋅ha⁻¹ for single stands. The differences were, on average, higher for broadleaves than for spruce and pine dominated stands, and for mixed stands and stands with higher variability than for pure and homogenous stands. In conclusion, this research underscores the critical role of input data resolution in forest planning and management, emphasizing the need for improved data collection practices to ensure sustainable forest management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100199"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000356/pdfft?md5=2ff5a56f6ac79dfa104a9e9e412358b2&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000356-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140894909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stand dynamics of old-growth hemlock forests in central Bhutan are shaped by natural disturbances","authors":"Karma Tenzin ,&nbsp;Craig R. Nitschke ,&nbsp;Kathryn J. Allen ,&nbsp;Raphaël Trouvé ,&nbsp;Thiet V. Nguyen ,&nbsp;Patrick J. Baker","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding how past disturbances have influenced the development of forests is critical for deciphering their current structure and composition and forecasting future changes. In this study, dendrochronological methods were applied to uncover the disturbance history of old-growth hemlock-dominated forests in central Bhutan. Analysis of tree-ring samples from two old-growth hemlock stands, located in two different topographic settings, identified the importance of gap-phase dynamics in facilitating recruitment and growth releases and producing complex, multi-aged structures over time. One site showed evidence of a near stand-replacing disturbance in the late 1700s, while the other showed no evidence of high-severity disturbance at any time over the last 400 years. At both sites low-to medium-severity disturbances, some of which appear to be associated with cyclones originating in the Bay of Bengal, dominated the disturbance regime. The hemlock stands exhibited a significant positive association between cyclone occurrence and growth release events and between recruitment pulses and growth release events. From 1800 to 1970 there was an increase in recruitment of angiosperm tree species at most sites and a corresponding decline in conifer recruitment. Over the past 50 years there has been little new recruitment; this may be due to light limitation in the understory from shade-tolerant angiosperms and bamboo in the lower strata of these stands. Significant variations in disturbance dynamics and recruitment were observed across the study sites, suggesting that other factors, such as topography and climate, may be influencing long-term stand development patterns. This study highlights the complex interplay between historical disturbance regimes and tree recruitment in shaping the age and size structures of old-growth hemlock forests in central Bhutan. It also provides new insights into the dynamics of these forests that can be used to support effective forest conservation and management in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100204"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S219756202400040X/pdfft?md5=408f24328e44a7dbb7bbbf81fb1c4e11&pid=1-s2.0-S219756202400040X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141056163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}