Forest Ecosystems最新文献

{"title":"The origin and beginnings of modern Continuous Cover Forestry in Europe","authors":"Arne Pommerening ,&nbsp;Ulrika Widman ,&nbsp;Janusz Szmyt","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Continuous Cover Forestry (CCF) is a type of forest management that is based on ecological, environmental, and biological principles. Specific definitions of CCF greatly vary and the concept usually includes a number of tenets or criteria. The most important tenet of CCF is the requirement to abandon the practice of large-scale clearfelling in favour of selective thinning/harvesting and natural regeneration methods.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>CCF is commonly believed to have its main origin in an academic debate that was conducted through publications in a number of European and North American countries towards the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. Our findings are exclusively based on a literature review of the history of CCF and they revealed that the European origins of CCF go much further back to a form of farm forestry that started to be practised in Central Europe in the 17th century. Eventually, this type of farm forestry led to the formation of the single-tree selection system as we know it today. Another influential tradition line contributing to modern CCF is individual-based forest management, which breaks forest stands down into small neighbourhood-based units. The centres of these units are dominant frame trees which form the framework of a forest stand. Consequently, management is only carried out in the local neighbourhood of frame trees. Individual-based forest management also modified inflexible area-control approaches of plantation forest management in favour of the flexible size-control method.</div></div><div><h3>Results and conclusions</h3><div>We found evidence that the three aforementioned tradition lines are equally important and much interacted in shaping modern CCF. Since CCF is an international accomplishment, it is helpful to thoroughly study the drivers and causes of such concepts. Understanding the gradual evolution can give valuable clues for the introduction and adaptation of CCF in countries where the concept is new.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing competitor definitions for the sustainable management of dominant silver fir trees (Abies alba Mill.) in uneven-aged mixed Dinaric forests","authors":"Milan Kobal ,&nbsp;Tom Levanič","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding competition between trees is essential for sustainable forest management as interactions between trees in uneven-aged mixed forests play a key role in growth dynamics. This study investigated nine competition indices (CIs) for their suitability to model the effects of neighboring trees on silver fir (<em>Abies alba</em>) growth in Dinaric silver fir-European beech (<em>Fagus sylvatica</em>) forests. Although numerous competition indices have been developed, there is still limited consensus on their applicability in different forest types, especially in mature, structurally complex forest stands. The indices were evaluated using the adjusted coefficient of determination in a linear model wherein the volume growth of the last five years for 60 dominant silver fir trees was modeled as a function of tree volume and competition index. The results demonstrated that distance-dependent indices (e.g., the Hegyi height-distance competition and Rouvinen-Kuuluvainen diameter-distance competition indices), which consider the distance to competitors and their size, perform better than distance-independent indices. Using the optimization procedure in calculating the competition indices, only neighboring trees at a distance of up to 26-fold the diameter at breast height (DBH) of the selected tree (optimal search radius) and with a DBH of at least 20% of that of the target tree (optimal DBH) were considered competitors. Therefore, competition significantly influences the growth of dominant silver firs even in older age classes. The model based solely on tree volume explained 32.5% of the variability in volume growth, while the model that accounted for competition explained 64%. Optimizing the optimal search radius had a greater impact on model performance than optimizing the DBH threshold. This emphasizes the importance of balancing stand density and competition in silvicultural practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100346"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between topographic variables and live aboveground tree biomass on a large temperate forest plot","authors":"Dawn Lemke ,&nbsp;Luben Dimov ,&nbsp;Helen Czech ,&nbsp;Patience Knight ,&nbsp;William Finch ,&nbsp;Richard Condit","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding local variation in forest biomass allows for a better evaluation of broad-scale patterns and interpretation of forest ecosystems’ role in carbon dynamics. This study focuses on patterns of aboveground tree biomass within a fully censused 20 ​ha forest plot in a temperate forest of northern Alabama, USA. We evaluated the relationship between biomass and topography using ridge and valley landforms along with digitally derived moisture and solar radiation indices. Every live woody stem over 1 ​cm diameter at breast height within this plot was mapped, measured, and identified to species in 2019–2022, and diameter data were used along with species-specific wood density to map the aboveground biomass at the scale of 20 ​m ​× ​20 ​m quadrats. The aboveground tree biomass was 211 ​Mg⋅ha⁻¹. Other than small stream areas that experienced recent natural disturbances, the total stand biomass was not associated with landform or topographic indices. Dominant species, in contrast, had strong associations with topography. American beech (<em>Fagus grandifolia</em>) and yellow-poplar (<em>Liriodendron tulipfera</em>) dominated the valley landform, with 37% and 54% greater biomass in the valley than their plot average, respectively. Three other dominant species, white oak (<em>Quercus alba</em>), southern shagbark hickory (<em>Carya carolinae-septentrionalis</em>), and white ash (<em>Fraxinus americana</em>), were more abundant on slopes and benches, thus partitioning the site. Of the six dominant species, only sugar maple (<em>Acer saccharum</em>) was not associated with landform. Moreover, both topographic wetness and potential radiation indices were significant predictors of dominant species biomass within each of the landforms. The study highlights the need to consider species when examining forest productivity in a range of site conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100338"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A two-scale framework for mapping site productivity of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. plantations in northern Spain in the context of climate change and using spatially explicit environmental variables as predictors","authors":"Iyán Teijido-Murias ,&nbsp;Carlos A. López-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Pilar García-Manteca ,&nbsp;Juan Daniel García-Villabrille ,&nbsp;Alberto Rojo-Alboreca ,&nbsp;Federico Ruiz ,&nbsp;Marcos Barrio-Anta","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research aimed to obtain accurate estimates of the productivity of eucalyptus plantations under different climate change scenarios without the need for additional fieldwork. Thus, we used tree growth data from 1,102 research plots, existing spatially continuous environmental data, and the random forest (RF) algorithm to construct raster-based models. We constructed models to predict site index (SI) at landscape scale (250 ​m·pixel⁻¹), which is useful for planning purposes and for analyzing the effect of climate change on productivity, and at forest plot scale (resolutions of 10, 25, 50, and 100 ​m·pixel⁻¹), which is essential for predicting plantation yields. All models explained ∼50% of site index variability, as is usual in this type of study. We found that the different spatial resolutions of predictor variables did not affect the amount of variability explained. This finding may be due to two opposing effects on the explained variability at finer scales: a positive effect, as finer scales enable capture of microscale landform variability through a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM), and a negative effect due to the introduction of “noise” when downscaling the climatic and lithological information from coarser scales. Elevation and the climatic variables (mainly temperature) were the most important predictor variables: For every 100 ​m-increase in elevation, the productivity decreased by on average 0.3–0.9 ​m of site index (1–1.3 ​m³·ha⁻¹·year⁻¹ of maximum mean annual increment in volume) and for each degree-Celsius-increase in annual mean temperature, productivity increased by about 2.2 ​m in site index (3 ​m³·ha⁻¹·year⁻¹ of maximum mean annual increment in volume). Due to the forecasted increase in temperatures under climate change, productivity is expected to increase significantly in <em>Eucalyptus globulus</em> plantations in northern Spain in the coming decades, by between 1.68% and 3.38% of the current average site index under the most pessimistic climate change scenario and between 1.79% and 2.48% of the current average site index for the moderate scenario. We conclude that currently available spatially continuous environmental data can be used to develop accurate raster data models for predicting site productivity for <em>E</em>. <em>globulus</em> without the need for fieldwork. The spatially explicit maps produced in the study provide support to forest planners, forest managers, private landowners and politicians, enabling well-founded decisions to be made regarding selection of the best sites for afforestation and providing accurate yield predictions for the plantations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100344"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Migrating Populus with climate change: Phenology, coppice management, cold spell susceptibility, leaf dynamics, and biomass production","authors":"Jiaxin Wang ,&nbsp;Randall J. Rousseau ,&nbsp;Austin Himes ,&nbsp;Courtney Siegert ,&nbsp;Ying Ouyang ,&nbsp;Heidi J. Renninger","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the phenology and productivity of <em>Populus</em> species is crucial for effective management and conservation strategies amid climate change. We investigated leaf budbreak timing, susceptibility to cold damage, leaf dynamics, and biomass production of 168 <em>Populus</em> genotypes with diverse provenances in the southeastern United States. Our study revealed significant variation in budbreak timing across different taxa and years, with genotypes inheriting traits adapted to their parents’ local climates. Temperature emerged as a key factor triggering budbreak, while leaf development depended on other environmental cues such as photoperiod. Notably, budbreak occurred approximately 20 days earlier in 2023 compared to 2022 due to higher accumulated degree days (ADDs). Short-rotation-coppice (SRC) management delayed budbreak by five to ten days. Cold damage was significant in 2023, particularly for genotypes from northern provenances and those with <em>P. maximowiczii</em> parentage. Severe damage was also observed in eastern cottonwood (<em>Populus deltoides</em> ​× ​<em>Populus deltoides</em> (D ​× ​D)) genotypes, despite most having southeastern US parentages. Leaf dynamics, including leaf duration and leaf area index (LAI), varied across taxa and sites, with earlier budbreak correlating with extended growing seasons and increased LAI. Biomass production was intricately linked to phenological events, with earlier budbreak leading to increased biomass production and greater susceptibility to cold damage. Our findings highlight the importance of genetics, environment, and coppicing management in understanding and managing <em>Populus</em> phenology and biomass production. These insights provide valuable guidance for developing effective breeding, conservation, and management strategies for <em>Populus</em> species in the context of climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100343"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of environmental variables on canopy transpiration in two coniferous forests at different growing-season stages","authors":"Shengnan Chen ,&nbsp;Wei Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil water content (SWC) and meteorological conditions, as key environmental variables influencing tree water use, vary highly within the growing season, hindering a better understanding of environmental control mechanisms on canopy transpiration (<em>E</em>_c). Disentangling the effects of these variables on <em>E</em>_c across growing-season stages is crucial for <em>E</em>_c estimation and forest management. In this study, 43-year-old <em>Pinus tabuliformis</em> Carr. and 31-year-old <em>Platycladus orientalis</em> (L.) Franco plantations in the semiarid Chinese Loess Plateau were monitored for <em>E</em>_c during the growing season of 2015–2020. The contributions of environmental factors to <em>E</em>_c were assessed using the boosted regression tree (BRT) model. Results showed that the contributions of SWC to <em>E</em>_c were greater at the early (May–June) and late (September) stages, while the contributions of vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and total solar radiation (<em>R</em>_s) to <em>E</em>_c increased at the middle (July–August) stage due to high soil water availability. Overall, <em>E</em>_c in both plantations was dominated by SWC (20.4% ​≤ ​contributions ≤ 48.8%) and <em>R</em>_s (22.7% ​≤ ​contributions ≤ 35.8%). Both species exhibited strong stomatal regulation of <em>E</em>_c. Specifically, stomatal opening was significantly inhibited by VPD at the early stage and strongly affected by SWC at the late stage. This study highlights that soil water conditions in artificial forests should be adjusted according to changes in influencing factors on <em>E</em>_c. Particularly during the early and late stages, measures (e.g., land preparation, thinning, and pruning) can be implemented to improve soil moisture in such dryland forests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100342"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial life strategies-mediated differences in carbon metabolism explain the variation in SOC sequestration between Kandelia obovata and Sonneratia apetala","authors":"Fuyuan Duan ,&nbsp;Fengxiao Tan ,&nbsp;Xuming Zhao ,&nbsp;Hui Feng ,&nbsp;Jiakai Wang ,&nbsp;Hao Peng ,&nbsp;Nannan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yelin Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a crucial role in mangrove blue carbon formation, yet the differences in microbe-mediated underlying SOC sequestration between introduced and native mangroves remain unclear. Here, we compared the SOC pool, including recalcitrant organic carbon (ROC) and labile carbon pools, as well as three residual carbon sources (amino sugars, lignin phenols, and lipids) in sediments between mangroves of introduced <em>Sonneratia apetala</em> and native <em>Kandelia obovata</em>, and further connected them with microbial life strategies and C metabolism capability. The results showed that SOC accumulation in <em>S. apetala</em> (SA) sediment was about 30%–50% of that in <em>K. obovata</em> (KO) sediment. ROC was the dominant form of SOC in long-term sequestration (76%–83%), while lignin phenols, amino sugars, and lipids were important sources of ROC. In <em>S. apetala</em> sediments, the ROC content was positively correlated with amino sugars, resulting from the more <em>r</em>-strategist microbes that can rapidly convert plant-derived carbon into microbial biomass, which is subsequently transformed into microbial necromass. In contrast, in <em>K. obovata</em> sediments, ROC content showed a stronger positive correlation with the concentrations of lignin phenols and lipids. More <em>K</em>-strategist fungi in the topsoil of <em>K. obovata</em> increased enzyme activities, while more <em>K</em>-strategist bacteria in the subsoil enhanced carbon utilization capacity, thereby increasing lignin phenols and lipids from plant residues in both soil layers. Meanwhile, higher Ca²⁺ concentrations in <em>K. obovata</em> sediments protected three residual carbons from further microbe decomposition. This study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of SOC sequestration mediated by microbial life strategies in mangrove ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotic and abiotic factors jointly drive the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration in forests worldwide","authors":"Zixuan Wang ,&nbsp;Haihua Shen ,&nbsp;Aijun Xing ,&nbsp;Jingyun Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sensitivity of soil respiration (<em>R</em>_s) to temperature (<em>Q</em>₁₀) is a key parameter for benchmarking the carbon (C) cycle and climate feedbacks in the context of global warming. However, previous studies on the factors that drive forest soil <em>Q</em>₁₀ have focused mostly on abiotic factors, such as climate and soil, while the role of biotic factors has been less examined. Here, we compiled a global dataset of 766 soil <em>Q</em>₁₀ values and 17 matched biotic and abiotic factors to explore the factors that drive the variability of global forest soil <em>Q</em>₁₀ using a random forest (RF) model. Our findings showed that soil <em>Q</em>₁₀ increased with microbial biomass carbon (MBC), which was the most important predictor. Additionally, soil <em>Q</em>₁₀ was positively correlated with leaf phosphorus content (LPC) but was negatively correlated with leaf N:P, indicating that plant ecological stoichiometry might be a factor that explained soil <em>Q</em>₁₀ variability. All abiotic factors, including climate, soil properties, and elevation, had great predictive power and were significantly related to soil <em>Q</em>₁₀. By comparing the soil <em>Q</em>₁₀ in multispecies forests and monocultures, we found that <em>Q</em>₁₀ in the mixed needle-leaved and broad-leaved forests (NF &amp; BF) was lower than in monocultures. Our study revealed that, in addition to abiotic factors, biotic factors were also strong predictors of forest soil <em>Q</em>₁₀, which can deepen our understanding of soil respiration in response to global warming and provide insights for improving carbon cycle models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100340"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns and determinants of ecological integrity in a temperate forest region","authors":"Kexin Yang ,&nbsp;Juan Wang ,&nbsp;Huaijiang He ,&nbsp;Chunyu Fan ,&nbsp;Xiuhai Zhao ,&nbsp;Chunyu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the impact of climate change and anthropogenic disturbance continues to intensify around the world, the ecological integrity (EI) of forest ecosystems is compromised in various ways. This study aims to quantify ecological integrity, explore its latitudinal patterns, and identify the potential determinants behind it. We selected 15 indicators of forest composition, structure, and function and used two approaches to quantify ecological integrity. The results show a significant negative correlation between forest ecological integrity and increasing latitude. Climate emerged as the main driver of the latitudinal pattern compared to anthropogenic and other influencing factors. Our study offers a new approach to quantifying ecological integrity based on a set of indicators that may help assess the contribution of forest ecosystems in conservation, restoration, and ecosystem services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid escalation and release of risks to forest ecosystems triggered by warming: Insights from tree growth synchrony in temperate forests","authors":"Liangjun Zhu ,&nbsp;Danyang Yuan ,&nbsp;J. Julio Camarero ,&nbsp;David J. Cooper ,&nbsp;Mai-He Li ,&nbsp;Shuguang Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaochun Wang ,&nbsp;Paolo Cherubini","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tree growth synchrony serves as a valuable ecological indicator of forest resilience to climate stress and disturbances. However, our understanding of how increasing temperature affects tree growth synchrony during rapidly and slowly warming periods in ecosystems with varying climatic conditions remains limited. By using tree-ring data from temperate broadleaf (<em>Fraxinus mandshurica</em>, <em>Phellodendron amurense</em>, <em>Quercus mongolica</em>, and <em>Juglans mandshurica</em>) and Korean pine (<em>Pinus koraiensis</em>) mixed forests in northeast China, we investigated the effects of climate change, particularly warming, on the growth synchrony of five dominant temperate tree species across contrasting warm-dry and cool-wet climate conditions. Results show that temperature over water availability was the primary factor driving the growth and growth synchrony of the five species. Growth synchrony was significantly higher in warm-dry than in cool-wet areas, primarily due to more uniform climate conditions and higher climate sensitivity in the former. Rapid warming from the 1960s to the 1990s significantly enhanced tree growth synchrony in both areas, followed by a marked reversal as temperatures exceeded a certain threshold or warming slowed down, particularly in the warm-dry area. The growth synchrony variation patterns of the five species were highly consistent over time, although broadleaves exhibited higher synchrony than conifers, suggesting potential risks to forest resilience and stability under future climate change scenarios. Growing season temperatures and non-growing season temperatures and precipitation had a stronger positive effect on tree growth in the cool-wet area compared to the warm-dry area. High relative humidity hindered growth in the cool-wet area but enhanced it in the warm-dry area. Overall, our study highlights that the diversity and sensitivity of climate-growth relationships directly determine spatiotemporal growth synchrony. Temperature, along with water availability, shape long-term forest dynamics by affecting tree growth and synchrony. These results provide crucial insights for forest management practice to enhance structural diversity and resilience capacity against climate change-induced synchrony shifts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100336"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}