Environmental Development最新文献

{"title":"Non-optimal indoor temperatures measured in informal dwellings during cold months in Johannesburg, South Africa: implications in a changing climate","authors":"Tokelo Seabi ,&nbsp;Thandi Kapwata ,&nbsp;Natasha Naidoo ,&nbsp;Caradee Y. Wright ,&nbsp;Shalin Bidassey-Manilal","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Exposure to non-optimal temperatures is associated with adverse health outcomes. Low-income communities living in informal housing (colloquially called shacks) are vulnerable to the negative health outcomes associated with non-optimal temperatures given the characteristics of their dwellings.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The study aimed to measure wintertime temperatures in shacks in Bekkersdal, West Rand District Municipality (South Africa).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>iButtons were installed in 10 shacks for 13 days to measure temperature at 10-min intervals. Ambient outdoor temperature data were collected for the same period as the dwelling temperature campaign from the nearest automatic weather station operated by the South African Weather Service. A questionnaire was administered to 127 shack residents to determine household socio-demographics (participant age/gender; number living in dwelling; and length of stay in dwelling) and dwelling characteristics (type of wall/floor; presence/absence of insulation; energy used for heating).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Indoor temperatures ranged between 3 °C–33 °C (mean: 13 °C, median 12 °C). Daily mean indoor temperatures for all shacks combined were below the World Health Organization threshold for minimum indoor temperature of 18 °C for 94 % of the study duration. Indoor temperature increased as outdoor temperatures increased and this association was statistically significant (R = 0.98, p &lt; 0.001). The majority of shacks (n = 108, 85 %) were made from corrugated iron sheeting and had no insulation hence the strong correlation between indoor and outdoor temperatures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The poor insulation of shacks exposes residents to cold outdoor temperatures. Thus, people living in shacks are vulnerable to the adverse health effects associated with extreme cold. Guidance on how to create thermally efficient shacks with insulation is recommended as a temporary solution. However, the main goal should be to replace shacks with adequate formal, low-cost housing, which the government should provide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101269"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable development in the Brazilian Amazon: Analysis of the Green Municipalities Program on deforestation levels in the state of Pará","authors":"Luan Marca,&nbsp;Marco Tulio Aniceto Franca,&nbsp;Augusto Mussi Alvim","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of the Green Municipalities Program (PMV) on deforestation reduction in the state of Pará, Brazil, using bidirectional fixed-effects panel models (TWFE). The analysis evaluates whether participating municipalities achieved significant reductions in deforested areas compared to non-participating municipalities. Results from the specifications show consistently negative and statistically significant coefficients. Municipalities participating in the PMV reduce deforested area by 3.3 %, on average, relative to non-participants, corresponding to 44.8 km² less deforestation per participating municipality. Furthermore, the allocation of financial resources starting in 2014 significantly enhanced the program's effectiveness, with sustained impacts on deforestation reduction. Prolonged participation in the PMV also amplified its efficacy: municipalities engaged in the program for longer durations exhibited stronger deforestation mitigation outcomes. These findings underscore that financial resource availability and sustained program engagement—alongside monitoring and enforcement—are critical to the PMV's success in curbing deforestation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101248"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated methodology for systematic stakeholder engagement in environmental decision-making under the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems nexus framework","authors":"Chrysaida-Aliki Papadopoulou ,&nbsp;Ioannis M. Kourtis ,&nbsp;Chrysi Laspidou ,&nbsp;Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis ,&nbsp;Maria P. Papadopoulou","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ‘nexus’ approach is a promising exemplar underpinning systemic thinking and advancing integrated resource use. In this context, stakeholder engagement comprises a significant challenge as stakeholders are affecting and affected by resource availability and exploitation. This paper focuses on the operationalisation/systematisation of abstract concepts expressed during participatory workshops and its contribution to the efficient management of the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems (WEFE) nexus by supporting the design of future policies and integrated solutions. A novel methodological framework is presented combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Multicriteria Analysis of Policies method (MULTIPOL) in order to seek solutions and build innovative policy options. AHP and MULTIPOL complement each other as the first indicates <em>which</em> solutions are most effective while the latter indicates <em>how</em> such solutions may be implemented by adopting relevant policies. The application of the proposed methodology is demonstrated in the environmental management of a transboundary river basin. Results show that the suggested methodological framework is robust, applicable to wider contexts and spatial scales, and coherent. The construction of (new) green-gray infrastructures (irrigation infrastructures, Nature-based Solutions (NbS), fish corridor, reclamation works, energy infrastructures) was classified as the most effective solution while protection of water quality, minimisation of water losses, limitation of flood risks, ecosystems preservation and the adoption of eco-friendly/multi-functional patterns of spatial development constitute important priorities for (transboundary) river basins. The analysis adds to the current literature addressing qualitative research on the WEFE nexus and the systematisation of stakeholder input by employing qualitative/quantitative methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101268"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extending the theory of planned behavior for conserving agricultural land use in suburban areas","authors":"Fardin Kamali ,&nbsp;Reza Kerachian ,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Nikoo","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, many cases of agricultural lands being converted to residential zones have occurred, resulting in damage to the environment. As agricultural land use conservation is highly dependent on farmers' decisions, the socio-psychological factors that affect farmers' behavior should be identified. This work aims to extend the theory of planned behavior to assess the factors that affect farmers' intention and behavior toward agricultural land use conservation. To evaluate this theory, it is applied to the Jouybar region in Mazandaran Province, Iran. This tourist-friendly region, situated near the Caspian Sea, has been experiencing changes in agricultural land use. The required data were collected by interviewing 200 farmers in the study area. The collected data were analyzed via structural equation modeling and the partial least squares method. The findings indicate that the extended theory of planned behavior (ETPB) can explain 69 % of the variance in farmers’ intentions and behaviors concerning agricultural land use conservation. Compared with the traditional TPB, the ETPB demonstrates an improvement of 13 % in predicting intentions and 15 % in predicting behaviors. On the basis of the results obtained from the proposed behavioral simulation model, several policies have been suggested to protect agricultural land use in this region. These policies aim to educate farmers on the importance of preserving their farmland, encourage them to maintain their traditional lifestyles, improve the marketing conditions for agricultural products, and provide financial support for purchasing agricultural tools, seeds, pesticides, and fertilizers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale landscape analyses: The Megalopolis of Mexico as a case study","authors":"Alejandro Velazquez ,&nbsp;Alejandra Fregoso ,&nbsp;Christina Siebe ,&nbsp;Fernando Gopar-Merino ,&nbsp;Eric Morales-Casique ,&nbsp;Blanca Prado ,&nbsp;Beatriz E. Marin-Castro ,&nbsp;Lucy Mora ,&nbsp;Diego Reygadas ,&nbsp;Valerio Castro-López ,&nbsp;Roger Few ,&nbsp;Carolina Aviles ,&nbsp;Luis Lezama-Campos ,&nbsp;Wendy Morales ,&nbsp;Diana Bell","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates land cover, land use and vegetation changes at macro-regional, regional, local, and site spatial resolutions in the Megalopolis of Mexico City and how these affect groundwater recharge potential. Our research was framed within a transdisciplinary-holistic scope to unpack the complex social, geographic, and environmental processes often hidden when using single discipline, one-scale, one-stakeholder perspectives. Land cover/use data from the 1970s and 2018 were used as the primary input to analyze changes using remote sensing and geographical information systems. At the (macro)regional scale, land-use changes, especially human settlements, increased from about four to almost 40 % between 1970 and 2018, with a significant incursion into rural landscapes. At the local scale, analyses revealed a considerable decline in predominantly cold-humid vegetation types and conversion of agricultural fields into peri-urban landscapes. At pedon scale, hydrological balance analyses were calculated and then extrapolated to the region on behalf of soil maps information to assess groundwater recharge potentials, revealing the importance of soils as the core landscape component for water infiltration. Furthermore, social perception of changes was investigated among local stakeholders using semi-structured interviews with four communities. Nested multi-scale analyses revealed different disrupting processes hidden at one scale and evident at another. Outcomes are discussed considering their relevance for addressing transdisciplinary and theoretically applied frameworks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who holds the power in the absence of the state? Polycentric governance and community justice in Ecuador's mangrove management","authors":"Wendy Chávez-Páez ,&nbsp;Christine M. Beitl","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the interplay between a polycentric governance system and Community-Based Mangrove Management (CBMM) in two Ecuadorian coastal communities, focusing on how conflicts arising from outsiders entering mangrove concessions are addressed. Combining the Power Tower Method with qualitative methods, including interviews and focus groups, we uncover contrasting approaches to conflict resolution. The southern community illustrates how a polycentric system can function with decision-making centers operating interdependently, showcasing a model of autonomous conflict management through community justice. In contrast, the northern community, while also operating within a polycentric framework, reveals the challenges that arise when diverse actors within such a system experience unequal investment in essential services and political divisions, leading to a greater reliance on state intervention. These disparities are further explained by differences in the configuration of governance in these areas, particularly in how actors interact, exert influence through their power relations, and utilize their sources of power, alongside the communities' perceptions of power regarding themselves and other stakeholders involved in the conflict. The study underscores the importance of understanding these diverse interactions, power relations, and power perceptions to enhance local governance and sustainable resource management within polycentric systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weather related disasters in South Africa from 1980 to 2023","authors":"M.M. Bopape ,&nbsp;G. Keebine ,&nbsp;T. Ndarana ,&nbsp;I.L. Mbokodo ,&nbsp;K. Hlahane ,&nbsp;T. Motshegwa ,&nbsp;Y. Amha ,&nbsp;O.M. Ogega ,&nbsp;C. Mfopa ,&nbsp;D.D. Mahlobo ,&nbsp;F.A. Engelbrecht ,&nbsp;H. Chikoore","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an analysis of weather-related disasters in South Africa (SA), during the period 1980 to 2023. The data used includes the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) disaster list, the fifth generation European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting reanalysis (ERA5), the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) satellite imagery as well as the South African Weather Service synoptic charts for weather systems identification. Floods and storms emerge as the most prevalent disasters, particularly affecting KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) province (in the east of SA), with the eThekwini metropolitan municipality (metro) recording the most events. Although KZN receives substantial rainfall, no evidence suggests eThekwini experiences more rainfall than other districts in the province, suggesting human influences associated with urbanisation in disaster patterns. Cape Town metro reports the highest number of disasters in the western part of the country, associated with more rainfall, yet human factors may also contribute. Cut-off low systems and upper troughs which classify as mid-troposphere mid-latitude systems triggered the most floods and storms, while ex-tropical cyclones (ETCs) caused only four disasters during the study period. Upper Perturbations also resulted in floods and storm disasters indicating a need for forecasters to also pay attention to smaller scale processes. These findings enhance our understanding of weather-related disaster risks in South Africa, providing valuable insights for climate resilience and proactive disaster management. Given the reliance on the EM-DAT database, the potential for unrecorded disaster events introduces a limitation that may influence the conclusions drawn from this analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101254"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An assessment of legislative, regulatory and policy gaps in the management of abandoned, lost, and otherwise discarded fishing gear in Lake Victoria, East Africa","authors":"Drake Ssempijja ,&nbsp;Haraldur Arnar Einarsson ,&nbsp;Godfrey Kawooya Kubiriza ,&nbsp;Jerome Sebadduka Lugumira ,&nbsp;Pingguo He","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abandoned, Lost, and Otherwise Discarded Fishing Gear (ALDFG) is a major source of plastic pollution in inland fisheries. There is a lack of policies, adequate legislation and regulations to addressing ALDFG in inland fisheries where the challenge remains a neglected and poorly understood issue by fisheries management. We critically assessed policy and legislative gaps in the management of ALDFG in the fisheries of Lake Victoria, shared by the three East African countries of Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania. Using a gap analysis framework, current legislation on fisheries, environmental pollution and waste management was reviewed and analyzed. The assessment reveals opportunities to strengthen the policy and legal and regulatory frameworks in relation to the management of ALDFG. The existing fisheries laws require modernization to effectively address the ALDFG challenge, because of the transboundary nature of the fisheries, the lack of harmonized information and reporting systems, and the open access nature of the fisheries which makes current management regimes inefficient to respond to this emerging environmental problem. It is important to develop policy and improve legislative frameworks, ideally harmonized among the three countries, to support efforts that prevent, mitigate, and address ALDFG. Additionally, efforts to better understand the status and extent of ALDFG through research would provide a strong foundation for informed decision-making and provide a basis for developing and supporting long-term trend analyses to monitor and guide the development of appropriate policies, legislative and regulatory measures which are specific to inland fisheries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101249"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Storm surge-induced soil salinization and its impact on agriculture in the coastal area of the Indian Sundarban","authors":"Indrani Barui,&nbsp;Shabari Bhakta,&nbsp;Kapil Ghosh","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The low-lying coastal areas of the Indian Sundarban always face numerous hazards. The saline water intrusion through embankment breaching during storm surges is one of the major challenges for agriculture and livelihood. The present study focused on assessing soil salinity dynamics with storm surges and their impact on agriculture. The study was conducted in the Namkhana block of the Indian Sundarban. A total of 154 soil samples were collected from 77 sampling points at depths of 0–10 and 30–40 cm and the intensity of salinity, considering electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and sodium content was measured. The flood inundation maps of tropical cyclones Amphan (2020) and Yaas (2021) were prepared from Sentinel 1A data. The different topographical zones (i.e., proximal to coast/estuary, proximal to creeks, and central) in both flooded and non-flooded areas are considered to assess the salinity. The Rice growth vegetation index (RGVI) and Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were calculated for the pre-flood and post-flood phases. The results show that the flooded and proximal to creeks or coast areas tend to have very high salinity. The salinity has increased downwards in all topographical zones. The maximum salinity for the flooded area is found at 40 cm depth. The study revealed that there was a significant change in cropland by the cyclone-induced flood and soil salinity. The study can help identify salt-affected areas, cropland damage assessment, and design suitable land use and cropping practices in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101250"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144203973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 2023/24 summer drought tracked by the Agricultural Drought Early Warning System (ADEWS) for South Africa","authors":"Johan Malherbe ,&nbsp;Mokhele E Moeletsi ,&nbsp;Sarah J Roffe ,&nbsp;Philip J Beukes ,&nbsp;Teboho E Masupha","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Commercial grain production in South Africa is largely rainfed and concentrated in semi-arid areas in the summer rainfall region, where drought is a leading cause of low agricultural harvests, sometimes resulting in food insecurity. During the 2023/24 summer growing season, a high-intensity, rapid-onset flash drought occurred from mid-January to late March, resulting in significant grain price increases due to lower production of white maize, the main staple in South Africa. Despite only lasting two-and-a-half months, agricultural impacts were significant because the drought coincided with the peak of the maize growing season during tasselling and grain filling. Using this drought as a case study, we evaluated the ability of a South African Agricultural Drought Early Warning System (ADEWS), available at <span><span>https://www.drought.agric.za/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, in communicating drought conditions and impacts on productivity. This ADEWS integrates weather data, short-to medium-range forecasts, remote sensing data, and crop and rangeland simulation outputs to provide near real-time monitoring of drought indicators. Validation against observed maize yields showed strong performance, with statistically significant correlations between observed maize yields and several ADEWS products, including the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), maize Water Requirement Satisfaction Index (WRSI), Percentage of Average Seasonal Greenness (PASG), and simulated yields from the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer – Crop Environment Resource Synthesis (DSSAT-CERES-Maize) model. Despite the limited duration of the drought, ADEWS effectively captured its severity, timing and production impacts. Therefore, this case study reflects the value of ADEWS in keeping stakeholders informed, and in supporting early warning and decision making for drought preparedness in South African rainfed agricultural systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101253"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}