Yan Yin , Xiaoyu Zhang , Fengming Xi , Jiaoyue Wang , Longfei Bing , Qinqin Hu , Jie Lv , Zhanxiang Sun
{"title":"Emissions and reduction potential of greenhouse gas derived from facility cultivation production: Evidence from China","authors":"Yan Yin , Xiaoyu Zhang , Fengming Xi , Jiaoyue Wang , Longfei Bing , Qinqin Hu , Jie Lv , Zhanxiang Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Facility cultivation, a high-input agricultural system critical for food security in China, exhibits disproportionately large greenhouse gas emissions compared to open-field agriculture, yet its emission dynamics remain underexplored. This study develops a comprehensive life-cycle accounting framework to quantify facility cultivation-related greenhouse gas emissions across China's three primary greenhouse types—plastic, solar, and multi-span greenhouses—from 2008 to 2020, while addressing previously overlooked emission sources including agricultural plastic films, climate-control energy use, CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization, and organic matter mineralization. Utilizing the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index model and scenario analysis, we identify key drivers of emissions and evaluate mitigation potentials. Results revealed that facility cultivation emitted 122.05–371.96 Mt CO<sub>2</sub> equiv. yr<sup>−1</sup>, with emission intensities (83–226 t CO<sub>2</sub> equiv. ha<sup>−1</sup>). Soil organic matter decomposition and energy consumption were dominant sources, collectively contributing 67 % of total emissions. Decomposition analysis highlighted agricultural structure expansion (199.23 Mt CO<sub>2</sub> equiv.) and emission efficiency improvements (−213.96 Mt CO<sub>2</sub> equiv.) were primary promotive and mitigative drivers, respectively. Spatial heterogeneity underscored Liaoning Province's disproportionately high emissions, driven by coal-dependent heating, aging infrastructure, and policy incentives. Scenario projections demonstrated an 18.57 % reduction potential through integrated strategies such as clean energy adoption and cultivation structural optimization. These findings establish a refined analytical framework for spatially differentiated mitigation policies, directly supporting China's carbon neutrality roadmap while balancing agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101278"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Afforestation-induced grazing restrictions undermine pastoral livelihoods and trigger socioecological shifts in the Hindu Kush Himalaya","authors":"Ayat Ullah , Alam Zeb , Miroslava Bavorova","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using focus group discussions and participant observations in nine villages of pastoralist communities in the Hindu Kush Himalaya region of Pakistan, this study analyzed the perceived impacts of large-scale afforestation programs on the livelihood of grazing communities, and the strategies they adopted in response to forest enclosures. The grazing restrictions severely reduced green forage availability and access, undermining the sustainability of pastoral-based livelihoods. Pastoralists reported an overall reduction in livestock and animal-based products due to frequent sell-off of animals, abandonment of pastoralism, and animal deaths caused by fodder shortages. Consequently, milk and meat prices have increased manyfold in the study region. To cope with the fodder shortage, pastoralists adopted various strategies such as migration, crop-livestock integration, use of alternate routes, and climate-smart agroforestry systems (e.g., communal plantations). The adoption of a particular strategy was influenced by household and community characteristics, including herd size, ownership of pasture and agricultural land, and household size. Despite these efforts, livestock-based livelihoods continue to weaken, threatening food security. Communities suggested several feasible solutions to the government, including the creation of buffer zones for grazing, allowing grazing in areas with low regeneration and high grass density, providing incentives to herders, establishing information centers under the Billion Tree Afforestation Project, and creating a separate livestock department. Based on this case study, we recommend that the state involve local pastoralists in co-designing nature-based conservation plans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101273"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A systematic review of climate downscaling and extremes in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6)","authors":"Elangovan Devadarshini , Vellingiri Geethalakshmi , Sonali Prabhat McDermid , Kulanthaivel Bhuvaneswari , Shanmugam Mohan Kumar , Nagaranai Karuppasamy Sathyamoorthy , Samiappan Senthilnathan , Kandasamy Senthilraja , Venugopal Anandhi","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) will help enhance the understanding of future climate trends and extreme weather affecting agriculture and society. However, the accuracy of regional climate assessments is limited by low-resolution datasets and model uncertainties, necessitating downscaling and bias correction for better projections. Relevant literature was sourced from Scopus and assessed using the Protocol Search Appraisal Synthesis Analysis Report (PSALSAR) involving Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, and Context (PICOC) for protocol identification and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA) for article scrutiny. This review examined 278 articles, of which 39 % focused on extreme climate analysis, 31 % on performance evaluation, 13 % on downscaling with extremes, 11 % on downscaling, and 7 % on evaluation with extremes. Publications surged since 2020, with a 36.3 % increase by 2023. Approximately 68 % of the publications were in Asia, often evaluating model performance using statistical metrics such as root mean square error (RMSE), correlation coefficient (CC), and percent bias (PBIAS), with station data as a reference. This review further explores how global climate projections, specifically surface temperature increases across Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs): 1.8 °C (SSP1-2.6), 2.7 °C (SSP2-4.5), 3.6 °C (SSP3-7.0), and 4.4 °C (SSP5-8.5). Annual precipitation is projected to increase in both frequency and intensity, particularly in far future (2071–2100). Some studies have highlighted that the minimum temperature is expected to show greater increase, than maximum temperature across regions, leading to frequent extreme weather events. In contrast, the extreme occurrences are heterogeneous, with some regions expecting increasing trends and others decreasing, depending on their geographical condition. These findings highlight the significance of downscaling climate models, because their accuracy relies on geographical features, grid resolution, and reference datasets. Precise, finer-scale projections are needed for location-specific extreme weather predictions, aiding agricultural planning, and risk management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101280"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rune Bolding Bennike , Martin Reinhardt Nielsen , Carsten Smith-Hall
{"title":"Do high-value environmental products provide a pathway out of poverty? The case of the world's most valuable fungus (Ophiocordyceps sinensis)","authors":"Rune Bolding Bennike , Martin Reinhardt Nielsen , Carsten Smith-Hall","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rural households harvest environmental products throughout the world. Yet little is known about the role of such products as pathways out of poverty. Here, we empirically estimate the household-level economic importance of a high-value environmental product and assess its contributions to poverty reduction. Specifically, we investigated the case of the fungus-larvae complex resulting from root-borer larvae infected by <em>Ophiocordyceps sinensis</em>, a product locally known as yartsa gunbu. We conducted a structured household survey (n = 181) in the upper Gorkha District in Nepal to estimate annual household yartsa gunbu income, the number of collection days in 2015–2018, the number of pieces collected per individual (2018), household-level reasons for participation/non-participation, and household expenditure priorities. We calculated household-level absolute and relative yartsa gunbu income, catch and income per unit effort, and plotted expenditure priorities. We found that yartsa gunbu was the main source of cash income. Contrasting widespread claims of unsustainable collection in the literature, the mean number of pieces collected per day increased from 2015 to 2018. Non-participating households were characterised by low labour availability due to small households, old age, or health problems with lower-income households having the lowest yartsa gunbu reliance. Women generated the major share of yartsa gunbu income. Expenditures were characterised by current consumption and religious activities, with limited investment in the accumulation of assets that directly reduce poverty. The primary role of yartsa gunbu in poverty reduction is indirect, building up human and social capital quality rather than direct investment in productive assets such as local enterprises.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101281"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malaika Mikaelsson , Victoria Wibeck , Björn-Ola Linnér
{"title":"Navigating the waves of change: Framing Pacific Small Island Developing States within a geopolitical and climate context","authors":"Malaika Mikaelsson , Victoria Wibeck , Björn-Ola Linnér","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates how Pacific Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are framed in the academic literature at the intersection of geopolitics and climate change. Through a semi-systematic review of peer-reviewed articles, the study explores the research problems motivating the research, the descriptions of key challenges, and the prescriptions for future action. Findings highlight the strategic roles of Pacific SIDS in global climate diplomacy, demonstrating their proactive engagement despite significant structural constraints. The literature underscores how external perceptions and strategic interests of major powers often overshadow the existential threats facing these islands. At the same time, it emphasizes the agency of Pacific SIDS in advocating for climate finance, fostering regional cooperation, and pushing for inclusive governance structures. This review critically examines the evolution of these discussions. It highlights the need for further research to broaden the scope beyond its current focus on the interactions of a limited number of large geopolitical key players with Pacific SIDS, and to further examine the resilience and agency of Pacific SIDS as they navigate the multifaceted impacts of climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101270"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144279152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Non-optimal indoor temperatures measured in informal dwellings during cold months in Johannesburg, South Africa: implications in a changing climate","authors":"Tokelo Seabi , Thandi Kapwata , Natasha Naidoo , Caradee Y. Wright , Shalin Bidassey-Manilal","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Exposure to non-optimal temperatures is associated with adverse health outcomes. Low-income communities living in informal housing (colloquially called shacks) are vulnerable to the negative health outcomes associated with non-optimal temperatures given the characteristics of their dwellings.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The study aimed to measure wintertime temperatures in shacks in Bekkersdal, West Rand District Municipality (South Africa).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>iButtons were installed in 10 shacks for 13 days to measure temperature at 10-min intervals. Ambient outdoor temperature data were collected for the same period as the dwelling temperature campaign from the nearest automatic weather station operated by the South African Weather Service. A questionnaire was administered to 127 shack residents to determine household socio-demographics (participant age/gender; number living in dwelling; and length of stay in dwelling) and dwelling characteristics (type of wall/floor; presence/absence of insulation; energy used for heating).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Indoor temperatures ranged between 3 °C–33 °C (mean: 13 °C, median 12 °C). Daily mean indoor temperatures for all shacks combined were below the World Health Organization threshold for minimum indoor temperature of 18 °C for 94 % of the study duration. Indoor temperature increased as outdoor temperatures increased and this association was statistically significant (R = 0.98, p < 0.001). The majority of shacks (n = 108, 85 %) were made from corrugated iron sheeting and had no insulation hence the strong correlation between indoor and outdoor temperatures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The poor insulation of shacks exposes residents to cold outdoor temperatures. Thus, people living in shacks are vulnerable to the adverse health effects associated with extreme cold. Guidance on how to create thermally efficient shacks with insulation is recommended as a temporary solution. However, the main goal should be to replace shacks with adequate formal, low-cost housing, which the government should provide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101269"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luan Marca, Marco Tulio Aniceto Franca, Augusto Mussi Alvim
{"title":"Sustainable development in the Brazilian Amazon: Analysis of the Green Municipalities Program on deforestation levels in the state of Pará","authors":"Luan Marca, Marco Tulio Aniceto Franca, Augusto Mussi Alvim","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of the Green Municipalities Program (PMV) on deforestation reduction in the state of Pará, Brazil, using bidirectional fixed-effects panel models (TWFE). The analysis evaluates whether participating municipalities achieved significant reductions in deforested areas compared to non-participating municipalities. Results from the specifications show consistently negative and statistically significant coefficients. Municipalities participating in the PMV reduce deforested area by 3.3 %, on average, relative to non-participants, corresponding to 44.8 km<sup>2</sup> less deforestation per participating municipality. Furthermore, the allocation of financial resources starting in 2014 significantly enhanced the program's effectiveness, with sustained impacts on deforestation reduction. Prolonged participation in the PMV also amplified its efficacy: municipalities engaged in the program for longer durations exhibited stronger deforestation mitigation outcomes. These findings underscore that financial resource availability and sustained program engagement—alongside monitoring and enforcement—are critical to the PMV's success in curbing deforestation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101248"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chrysaida-Aliki Papadopoulou , Ioannis M. Kourtis , Chrysi Laspidou , Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis , Maria P. Papadopoulou
{"title":"An integrated methodology for systematic stakeholder engagement in environmental decision-making under the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems nexus framework","authors":"Chrysaida-Aliki Papadopoulou , Ioannis M. Kourtis , Chrysi Laspidou , Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis , Maria P. Papadopoulou","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ‘nexus’ approach is a promising exemplar underpinning systemic thinking and advancing integrated resource use. In this context, stakeholder engagement comprises a significant challenge as stakeholders are affecting and affected by resource availability and exploitation. This paper focuses on the operationalisation/systematisation of abstract concepts expressed during participatory workshops and its contribution to the efficient management of the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems (WEFE) nexus by supporting the design of future policies and integrated solutions. A novel methodological framework is presented combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Multicriteria Analysis of Policies method (MULTIPOL) in order to seek solutions and build innovative policy options. AHP and MULTIPOL complement each other as the first indicates <em>which</em> solutions are most effective while the latter indicates <em>how</em> such solutions may be implemented by adopting relevant policies. The application of the proposed methodology is demonstrated in the environmental management of a transboundary river basin. Results show that the suggested methodological framework is robust, applicable to wider contexts and spatial scales, and coherent. The construction of (new) green-gray infrastructures (irrigation infrastructures, Nature-based Solutions (NbS), fish corridor, reclamation works, energy infrastructures) was classified as the most effective solution while protection of water quality, minimisation of water losses, limitation of flood risks, ecosystems preservation and the adoption of eco-friendly/multi-functional patterns of spatial development constitute important priorities for (transboundary) river basins. The analysis adds to the current literature addressing qualitative research on the WEFE nexus and the systematisation of stakeholder input by employing qualitative/quantitative methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101268"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fardin Kamali , Reza Kerachian , Mohammad Reza Nikoo
{"title":"Extending the theory of planned behavior for conserving agricultural land use in suburban areas","authors":"Fardin Kamali , Reza Kerachian , Mohammad Reza Nikoo","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, many cases of agricultural lands being converted to residential zones have occurred, resulting in damage to the environment. As agricultural land use conservation is highly dependent on farmers' decisions, the socio-psychological factors that affect farmers' behavior should be identified. This work aims to extend the theory of planned behavior to assess the factors that affect farmers' intention and behavior toward agricultural land use conservation. To evaluate this theory, it is applied to the Jouybar region in Mazandaran Province, Iran. This tourist-friendly region, situated near the Caspian Sea, has been experiencing changes in agricultural land use. The required data were collected by interviewing 200 farmers in the study area. The collected data were analyzed via structural equation modeling and the partial least squares method. The findings indicate that the extended theory of planned behavior (ETPB) can explain 69 % of the variance in farmers’ intentions and behaviors concerning agricultural land use conservation. Compared with the traditional TPB, the ETPB demonstrates an improvement of 13 % in predicting intentions and 15 % in predicting behaviors. On the basis of the results obtained from the proposed behavioral simulation model, several policies have been suggested to protect agricultural land use in this region. These policies aim to educate farmers on the importance of preserving their farmland, encourage them to maintain their traditional lifestyles, improve the marketing conditions for agricultural products, and provide financial support for purchasing agricultural tools, seeds, pesticides, and fertilizers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alejandro Velazquez , Alejandra Fregoso , Christina Siebe , Fernando Gopar-Merino , Eric Morales-Casique , Blanca Prado , Beatriz E. Marin-Castro , Lucy Mora , Diego Reygadas , Valerio Castro-López , Roger Few , Carolina Aviles , Luis Lezama-Campos , Wendy Morales , Diana Bell
{"title":"Multiscale landscape analyses: The Megalopolis of Mexico as a case study","authors":"Alejandro Velazquez , Alejandra Fregoso , Christina Siebe , Fernando Gopar-Merino , Eric Morales-Casique , Blanca Prado , Beatriz E. Marin-Castro , Lucy Mora , Diego Reygadas , Valerio Castro-López , Roger Few , Carolina Aviles , Luis Lezama-Campos , Wendy Morales , Diana Bell","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates land cover, land use and vegetation changes at macro-regional, regional, local, and site spatial resolutions in the Megalopolis of Mexico City and how these affect groundwater recharge potential. Our research was framed within a transdisciplinary-holistic scope to unpack the complex social, geographic, and environmental processes often hidden when using single discipline, one-scale, one-stakeholder perspectives. Land cover/use data from the 1970s and 2018 were used as the primary input to analyze changes using remote sensing and geographical information systems. At the (macro)regional scale, land-use changes, especially human settlements, increased from about four to almost 40 % between 1970 and 2018, with a significant incursion into rural landscapes. At the local scale, analyses revealed a considerable decline in predominantly cold-humid vegetation types and conversion of agricultural fields into peri-urban landscapes. At pedon scale, hydrological balance analyses were calculated and then extrapolated to the region on behalf of soil maps information to assess groundwater recharge potentials, revealing the importance of soils as the core landscape component for water infiltration. Furthermore, social perception of changes was investigated among local stakeholders using semi-structured interviews with four communities. Nested multi-scale analyses revealed different disrupting processes hidden at one scale and evident at another. Outcomes are discussed considering their relevance for addressing transdisciplinary and theoretically applied frameworks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54269,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Development","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}