Current Research in Translational Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Attenuated Salmonella as a PD-1/PD-L1 SiRNA delivery system for colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and melanoma: A systematic review","authors":"Omar El-Kholy ,&nbsp;Madeline Guy ,&nbsp;Ahmed Adham R. Elsayed ,&nbsp;Marc D. Basson","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2026.103569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2026.103569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Melanoma, colorectal cancer (CRC), and hepatocellular cancer (HCC) overexpress the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway to evade the immune response. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) suppress this mechanism but lack specificity, leading to immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Small-interfering RNA (siRNA) offers precise gene suppression but requires a protective delivery vector. Attenuated Salmonella, with tumor-targeting and immunomodulatory properties, is a promising carrier.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Five databases were systematically searched until August 14th, 2025. Relevant studies were assessed for quality of reporting and risk of bias using the ARRIVE and SYRCLE tools, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Weighted quantitative analysis of eleven murine studies (&gt;200 mice) demonstrates that siRNA-Salmonella therapy caused a significant suppression of PD-1/L1 expression and reduction of tumor weight in both CRC and HCC. In addition, marked cleaved-caspase-3 expression and CD8⁺ cell infiltration into tumor tissue were seen across all tumor types. Notably, comparison reveals that the strongest antitumor effects were observed in HCC and melanoma. CRC showed more modest effects, mirroring clinical ICI responses, which may be attributed to the low immunogenicity of the microsatellite-stable models used.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SiRNA-PD-1/PD-L1 demonstrates excellent antitumor effects in HCC and melanoma, and to a lesser extent, CRC. Salmonella, with tumor-targeting and immunomodulatory capabilities, presents itself as a near-ideal carrier for anticancer siRNA. Despite various siRNA therapeutics already being available, and several clinical trials of anticancer siRNA still in their initial stages, no trial to date has combined PD-1/PD-L1 as a target with Salmonella as a carrier. The promising results of this combination warrant more extensive in vivo investigations to support its advancement into clinical trials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"74 1","pages":"Article 103569"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “AI-assisted statistical review of 100 oncology research articles: compliance with SAMPL guidelines” [Current Research in Translational Medicine 73 (2025) 103544]","authors":"Michal Ordak","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103558","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"74 1","pages":"Article 103558"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145688733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating CAR-T cells with other immunotherapies for improved efficacy in cancer patients","authors":"Gagandeep Singh ,&nbsp;Lata Kumari ,&nbsp;Dipansh Katoch ,&nbsp;Arshiya Sood ,&nbsp;Neelam Thakur ,&nbsp;Kaalindi Singh ,&nbsp;Umesh Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is a novel cum innovative treatment for cancer patients, especially the ones dealing with blood cancers. However, solid tumours remain an area where this therapy is not so effective. The challenges are antigen heterogeneity, immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment, and some unaddressed serious side effects. This study details how different immunotherapeutic approaches can be used in synergy with each other to augment efficacy of CAR-T cell-based therapy and to minimize its limitations as a standalone therapy. Our review looks at how immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), cytokine-based approaches, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), cancer vaccines, oncolytic viruses, monoclonal antibodies, NK cell therapy, tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs), and oncolytic viruses (OVs) could be utilized together with CAR-T cell therapy. Reducing repressive cell populations and improving antigen presentation helps OVs modify the TME, enabling better CAR-T cell penetration and persistence. Similar to this, BiTEs deal with issues of antigen loss and relapse by increasing the number of cells that target antigens and bringing in bystander T-cells. Moreover, cytokine co-delivery and changes inside cells show promise in lowering systemic toxicity and increasing continuous CAR-T activation. Early-stage clinical trials and preclinical studies show that these combinatorial strategies may work, but there are still issues like dose-dependent toxicity, exact treatment timing, and delivery restrictions. This review highlights generally the possibilities of combinational techniques to greatly increase the efficacy and safety profile of CAR-T cell treatments, thus providing insightful information for next studies and clinical uses in cancer immunotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"74 1","pages":"Article 103562"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145822003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chimerism in blood after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia: Results from a cohort study","authors":"Farah Khemir ,&nbsp;Anaïs R. Briant ,&nbsp;Anne-Claire Gac ,&nbsp;Jean-Baptiste Mear ,&nbsp;Hyacinthe Johnson-Ansah ,&nbsp;Gautier Petit-Bultez ,&nbsp;Jean-Jacques Parienti ,&nbsp;Gandhi Damaj ,&nbsp;Oumedaly Reman ,&nbsp;Erwann Quelvennec ,&nbsp;Sylvain Chantepie","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is still a curative option in acute myeloid leukemia treatment (AML) owing to a long-lasting graft-versus-leukemia effect. Relapse remains its major cause of failure. Preemptive strategies based on biological markers for impending relapse have been proven with better outcomes than salvage treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and Findings</h3><div>We investigated chimerism-based preemptive immunomodulation in 90 HSCT patients with AML. Primary endpoint was relapse risk assessment by real time quantitative PCR (q-PCR) chimerism monitoring in blood. Post-HSCT unfractionated peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) samples were timely collected for q-PCR assays. Increasing mixed chimerism (IMC) was defined as a significant increase of percentage of recipient-derived cells between two consecutive samples. Patients were stratified into three groups: no IMC, one IMC with no further IMC and two consecutive IMC. Preemptive immunomodulation (fast tapering of immunosuppressive treatment and/or donor lymphocyte infusion) was triggered by the first documented IMC, and 2 consecutive IMC triggered minimal measurable disease assessment. PB assays compared favorably with BM in our cohort. The risk of relapse was higher in patients with two consecutive IMC (SHR 2·9, 95 % CI: 1·4 - 6·0, <em>p</em> = 0·005) and overall survival was shortened (HR 2·2, 95 % CI: 1·01 - 4·7, <em>p</em> = 0·048).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Serial monitoring of q-PCR chimerism in PB may be a relevant tool for impending relapse detection in post-HSCT acute myeloid leukemia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"74 1","pages":"Article 103550"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145558277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-Paclitaxel): Bridging pharmacology and translational medicine in breast cancer","authors":"Ali G. Alkhathami ,&nbsp;Abdulrahman T. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Ahmed Hussein ,&nbsp;Roopashree R ,&nbsp;Prakhar Tomar ,&nbsp;Hussein Riyadh Abdul Kareem Al-Hetty ,&nbsp;Rajashree Panigrahi ,&nbsp;Ashish Singh Chauhan ,&nbsp;Fathi Jihad Hammady ,&nbsp;Salah Abdulhadi Salih","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) represents a significant advancement in breast cancer therapy by enhancing drug delivery and minimizing solvent-related toxicity. Utilizing albumin-mediated transcytosis, nab-paclitaxel achieves superior intratumoral accumulation while eliminating hypersensitivity reactions linked to solvent-based taxanes. Clinical trials in metastatic breast cancer have demonstrated higher response rates and improved tolerability compared with conventional paclitaxel, especially in HER2-negative and triple-negative subtypes. In neoadjuvant settings, nab-paclitaxel-based regimens yield higher pCR rates and exhibit synergistic efficacy when combined with carboplatin, anthracyclines, or immune checkpoint inhibitors. Safety analyses show a favorable profile with reduced myelosuppression but an increased risk of peripheral neuropathy in certain populations. Additionally, nab-paclitaxel has been effectively incorporated into immunotherapy regimens for TNBC and HER2-targeted strategies in HER2-positive disease. Pharmacokinetic studies reveal improved tissue distribution and higher unbound paclitaxel exposure compared to solvent-based formulations. Overall, nab-paclitaxel offers distinct therapeutic advantages in terms of efficacy, safety, and tumor targeting, representing a major step forward in overcoming resistance and optimizing breast cancer treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"74 1","pages":"Article 103561"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145835323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of Venetoclax combined with Azacitidine in the treatment of relapsed acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation - a single-center retrospective study","authors":"Ruijun Dong ,&nbsp;Pengyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Bide Zhao ,&nbsp;Yuandong Feng ,&nbsp;Fan Gao ,&nbsp;Aili He ,&nbsp;Ju Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2026.103572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2026.103572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Venetoclax in combination with azacitidine (VEN-AZA) has become the standard of care for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients who are elderly or unfit to receive intense chemotherapy. However, the efficacy and safety of this regimen in AML patients who relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) still needs more exploration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective analysis of the data of 9 patients with relapsed AML after allo-HSCT treated with VEN-AZA from April 2021 to May 2023 at our center. Of these, 6 had molecular relapses (including persistent positive molecular markers) and 3 had hematologic relapses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The objective response rate was 55.6 % for all patients and 66.7 % and 33.3 % for patients with molecular and hematologic relapses, respectively (<em>P</em> = 0.524). Median overall survival was 201 days for the entire cohort, compared to 258 days and 68 days in the respective subgroups (<em>P</em> = 0.023). Molecular markers converted to negative in three patients with CBFβ::MYH11 and one with NPM1 mutation, seem to indicate a favorable response to VEN-AZA. This regimen was well tolerated, but hematologic toxicity and infections were common. Additionally, acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) occurred in three patients, one of whom presented with a severe, multiphasic course.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The early use of VEN-AZA appears to be effective and well tolerated in AML patients with molecular relapse after allo-HSCT, particularly in those carrying CBFβ::MYH11 fusion gene or NPM1 mutation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"74 1","pages":"Article 103572"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world treatment and long-term outcomes after autologous stem cell transplantation in first line for myeloma in France and Algeria before the daratumumab era","authors":"Emilie Martin ,&nbsp;Stéphane Morisset ,&nbsp;Mohamad Sobh ,&nbsp;Alfred Quillon ,&nbsp;Hélène Boyer ,&nbsp;Philippe Rey ,&nbsp;Emmanuelle Nicolas Virelizier ,&nbsp;Souad Assaad ,&nbsp;Amine Belhabri ,&nbsp;Yann Guillermin ,&nbsp;Laure Lebras ,&nbsp;Valérie Mialou ,&nbsp;Jean-Paul Bourgeot ,&nbsp;Mélinda Teyssier ,&nbsp;Mohamed Brahimi ,&nbsp;Soufi Osmani ,&nbsp;Kamila Amani ,&nbsp;Samira Bouchama ,&nbsp;Lila Charef ,&nbsp;Nabil Yafour ,&nbsp;Mauricette Michallet","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2026.103566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2026.103566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Despite numerous therapeutic advances, first line standard care for eligible multiple myeloma (MM) patients still include high-dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Our study concerned MM patients who received ASCT followed or not by consolidation and maintenance, treated in two reference centers in France (Lyon n=342) and in Algeria (Oran n=452) before the daratumumab era.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Despite differences in resources, we showed similar long-term Overall Survival (OS) for the two groups and similar survival for patients who did not receive any chemotherapy after ASCT for relapse. After using the instant ratio, we found a longer Time to Next Treatment for Algerian patients compared to French patients. Regarding patients who relapsed after ASCT we found a significantly better OS for French patients who received up to 3 lines of treatment after ASCT compared to Algerian patients</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study of long-term overall survival of MM patients after ASCT remains very useful particularly for countries for which innovative therapies including immunotherapy are not accessible, and the differences observed during ASCT management and after relapse could point to paths for improving certain clinical situations regarding the offer of MM care in these countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"74 1","pages":"Article 103566"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146159168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy and safety of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies in transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Turkan Aliyeva ,&nbsp;Haroon Alamy ,&nbsp;Feras Ahmad Ibrahim Ahmad ,&nbsp;Julia Natche ,&nbsp;Hafiz Shah ,&nbsp;Vrushali Shelar ,&nbsp;Huu Than Huynh ,&nbsp;Imane El Amri","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Treatment of transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (TIE-NDMM) remains challenging due to age, frailty, and comorbidities. Anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies, particularly daratumumab, have emerged as promising additions to frontline regimens. However, the long-term outcomes of these therapies are still uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the survival outcome of anti-CD38 antibodies in TIE-NDMM patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to April 2025 comparing anti-CD38 mAbs based regimens versus standard therapy in transplant-ineligible NDMM patients. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of six RCTs with 2,625 patients were included in the analysis. Of these, 1,390 (52.9 %) patients received anti-CD38-based regimens. The follow-up duration varied from 41.2 to 86.7 months across the studies. Compared to standard therapy, anti-CD38-based regimens significantly improved both overall survival (OS) (HR 0.70; 95 % CI 0.58–0.84; p=0.0002; I² = 46 %) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR 0.57; 95 % CI 0.51–0.65; p &lt; 0.00001; I² = 15 %). The pooled results demonstrated that non-frail patients had a longer PFS than frail patients (HR = 0.46; 95 % CI, 0.34–0.63 and HR = 0.55; 95 % CI, 0.45–0.67, respectively), although the difference between the subgroups was not statistically significant (p = 0.36).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In transplant-ineligible NDMM patients, the addition of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies to standard regimens significantly improves clinical outcomes. These findings support the integration of anti-CD38 therapy into first-line treatment for this vulnerable patient population<strong>.</strong></div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"74 1","pages":"Article 103559"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid nanoparticle mediated delivery of Anti-CD19 CAR mRNA to umbilical blood cord NK cells for targeting CD19⁺ primary B-ALL cells","authors":"Hossein Salehi-Shadkami ,&nbsp;Mosslim Sedghi ,&nbsp;Shima Tavoosi ,&nbsp;Masoumeh Alimohammadi ,&nbsp;Reza Alimohammadi ,&nbsp;Maryam Barkhordar ,&nbsp;Ahmadreza Mofayezi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Sadra Modaresi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Vaezi ,&nbsp;Somaye Dehghanizadeh ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ahmadvand ,&nbsp;Vahid Khoddami","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer (CAR-NK) cell therapy is recognized as a promising modality for the treatment of hematologic malignancies, particularly B-cell malignancies. In this study, we developed “off-the-shelf” anti-CD19 CAR-NK cells using anti-CD19 CAR mRNAs formulated in proprietary ionizable lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). The efficiency of mRNA-LNP delivery into umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived NK cells and primary T cells was evaluated in an in vitro setting, demonstrating superior delivery efficiency in NK cells. Further investigation showed a probable role for an endocytic mechanism, macropinocytosis, in efficient transfection of NK cells with LNPs. Nevertheless, CAR-NK cells generated through this mRNA-LNP platform exhibited significantly enhanced cytotoxicity against CD19⁺ target cells, such as EGFP⁺Raji stable cell line and primary malignant B cells derived from refractory/relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patients. These findings highlight the promise of the mRNA-LNP platform in advancing CAR-NK therapies against B-cell malignancies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"74 1","pages":"Article 103563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence for anemia screening, diagnosis, and management","authors":"David B. Olawade ,&nbsp;Yinka Julianah Adeniji ,&nbsp;Faithful A. Olatunbosun ,&nbsp;Eghosasere Egbon ,&nbsp;Aanuoluwapo Clement David-Olawade","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anemia affects over 1.6 billion people globally, representing a significant public health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where traditional diagnostic methods face barriers including invasive procedures, skilled personnel requirements, and inadequate laboratory infrastructure. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising technology offering non-invasive, rapid, and cost-effective solutions for anemia detection and management. This narrative review synthesises current literature on AI applications in anemia screening, diagnosis, and clinical management, examining methodologies, performance metrics, implementation challenges, and future research directions. We conducted a comprehensive narrative synthesis informed by systematic search principles, searching PubMed, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, and Web of Science databases with additional hand-searching and expert consultation. AI models demonstrate variable accuracy in anemia detection across diverse data sources, with performance ranging from 75–97 % AUC depending on methodology and validation approaches. Machine learning algorithms such as support vector machines, convolutional neural networks, and random forests show potential for achieving performance comparable to standard blood tests in controlled research settings. Smartphone-integrated applications and point-of-care systems show particular promise for resource-limited settings, though real-world validation remains limited. While AI shows significant potential for enhancing accessibility and diagnostic efficiency in anemia care, critical challenges including data standardisation, algorithmic bias, regulatory compliance, clinical validation in diverse populations, and deployment equity in low- and middle-income countries require urgent attention to ensure equitable implementation and clinical adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"74 1","pages":"Article 103560"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145769976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}