Current Research in Translational Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The immunobiological functions and therapeutic applications of interleukin-17 family in cancer","authors":"Nasrin Mansuri ,&nbsp;Asma'a H. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Marya Ahsan ,&nbsp;Sana Abdul-Jabbar Ali ,&nbsp;Mohammed Ansar Qureshi ,&nbsp;Waleed A Aldhaaban ,&nbsp;Ayaz Khurram Mallick ,&nbsp;Muataz Elsiddig Dafaalla Mohammed ,&nbsp;Fuzail Ahmad ,&nbsp;Irshad Ahmad ,&nbsp;Mohammad Chand Jamali ,&nbsp;Alaa Shafie","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interleukin-17 (IL-17) family cytokines play a pivotal role in immune responses and inflammatory processes, significantly impacting various physiological and pathological conditions. This review explores the immunobiological functions of IL-17, focusing on its diverse cellular sources, including T helper 17 (Th17) cells, γδ T cells, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), neutrophils, and natural killer T (NKT) cells, and signaling pathways. Special attention is given to IL-17 involvement in cancer, where it exhibits both pro-tumorigenic and anti-tumorigenic effects, influencing tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance through various signaling cascades such as JAK/STAT, NF-κB, and PI3K/AKT. Understanding these mechanisms highlights IL-17 as a potential therapeutic target for modulating immune responses and improving cancer treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"73 4","pages":"Article 103527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Alzheimer's disease prediction using random forest: A novel framework combining backward feature elimination and ant colony optimization","authors":"Afeez A. Soladoye ,&nbsp;Nicholas Aderinto ,&nbsp;Bolaji A. Omodunbi ,&nbsp;Adebimpe O. Esan ,&nbsp;Ibrahim A. Adeyanju ,&nbsp;David B. Olawade","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a significant global health challenge due to its increasing prevalence and the limitations of current diagnostic approaches. Early detection is crucial as pathological changes occur 10-15 years before clinical symptoms manifest, yet current diagnostic methods typically identify the disease at moderate to advanced stages. Machine learning techniques offer promising solutions for early prediction, but face challenges related to feature selection and hyperparameter optimization.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To develop an enhanced predictive model for Alzheimer's disease by integrating advanced feature selection techniques with nature-inspired hyperparameter optimization for Random Forest classifiers while ensuring robust validation and statistical significance testing.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study employed three feature selection techniques (Whale Optimization Algorithm, Artificial Bee Colony, and Backward Elimination Feature Selection) and two hyperparameter optimization algorithms (Artificial Ant Colony Optimization and Bald Eagle Search) to improve Random Forest model performance. A dataset comprising 2,149 instances with 34 features was preprocessed using MinMax normalization and Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) applied only to training data to prevent data leakage. Statistical significance testing using McNemar's test was conducted to compare model performances. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC with confidence intervals calculated using bootstrap sampling.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The combination of Backward Elimination Feature Selection with Artificial Ant Colony Optimization achieved the highest performance (95% accuracy ± 1.2%, 95% precision ± 1.1%, 94% recall ± 1.3%, 95% F1-score ± 1.0%, 98% AUC ± 0.8%), outperforming other methodological combinations and conventional machine learning algorithms with statistically significant improvements (p &lt; 0.001). This approach identified 26 significant features associated with Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, nature-inspired optimization algorithms demonstrated substantial computational efficiency advantages over empirical approaches (18 minutes versus 133 minutes).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The integration of advanced feature selection with nature-inspired hyperparameter optimization enhances Alzheimer's disease prediction accuracy while improving computational efficiency. However, external validation on independent datasets and prospective clinical studies are needed to establish real-world utility. This methodological framework offers promising applications for early diagnosis and intervention planning, with potential extensions to other complex medical prediction tasks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"73 4","pages":"Article 103526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of pre- and post-transplant concentrations of citrulline, zonulin, and calprotectin in children undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation","authors":"Pejman Rohani ,&nbsp;Faezeh Tejareh ,&nbsp;Amir Ali Hamidieh ,&nbsp;Maryam Behfar ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hassan Sohouli","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is a life-saving treatment for pediatric patients but is often associated with severe gastrointestinal complications. Identifying reliable biomarkers of gut integrity and inflammation is crucial for early detection and management of these issues. This study evaluates pre- and post-transplant levels of citrulline, zonulin, and calprotectin in pediatric allo-HCT patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective cohort study was conducted on 100 pediatric patients at the Children’s Hospital from 2023 to 2025. Citrulline, zonulin, and calprotectin levels were measured at baseline (pre-transplant), 3 months, and 6 months post-transplant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Calprotectin and zonulin levels peaked at 3 months post-transplant (calprotectin: 123 ± 40 µg/g, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; zonulin: 90.69 ± 20.32 ng/mL, <em>p</em> = 0.001) and declined by 6 months (calprotectin: 90.05 ± 30.27 µg/g; zonulin: 70.74 ± 15.38 ng/mL). Citrulline levels decreased from 25.49 ± 8.22 µM at baseline to 20.39 ± 5.52 µM at 6 months (<em>p</em> = 0.004). Elevated calprotectin and zonulin levels were strongly associated with severe GVHD (Grade III-IV: calprotectin 153.25 ± 51.81 µg/g, <em>p</em> = 0.001; zonulin 110.05 ± 25.33 ng/mL, <em>p</em> = 0.002) and higher grades of diarrhea and mucositis. Patients with obesity (BMI &gt; 30) had significantly higher biomarker levels. Multiple hospital readmissions were also associated with elevated biomarker levels (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Citrulline, zonulin, and calprotectin are promising biomarkers for assessing GI toxicity and inflammation in pediatric allo-HCT recipients. Their levels correlate with the severity of post-transplant complications, nutritional status, and clinical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"73 4","pages":"Article 103525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infections in VEXAS syndrome: a systematic review of the literature","authors":"Syed B Ali ,&nbsp;Carmelo Gurnari","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vacuolation, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic (VEXAS) syndrome is a multisystem disease for which chronic immunosuppression is needed. Opportunistic infections are common; however, a clear prophylaxis regimen is not defined.</div><div>A systematic review of the literature was undertaken. Six publications with 123 patients were evaluated. Of 86 patients with demographic data; most were males (<em>n</em> = 85, 98.8 %) and median age was 73 years. <em>UBA1</em> mutational status was reported in 80 patients: p.Met41Thr (<em>n</em> = 43, 53.8 %), p.Met41Val (<em>n</em> = 17, 21.3 %) and p.Met41Leu (<em>n</em> = 12, 15.0 %) were most common. In these patients, 48 (60 %) had underlying myelodysplastic syndrome.</div><div>Many of the patients had multiple hospitalizations. Infections were reported as follows: COVID19 (<em>n</em> = 20), Pneumocystis <em>jiroveci</em> pneumonia (PJP) (<em>n</em> = 16), nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) species (<em>n</em> = 16), <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em> species (<em>n</em> = 14), <em>Legionella</em> species (<em>n</em> = 13), Varicella Zoster virus (<em>n</em> = 11) and Herpes Simplex Virus (<em>n</em> = 8) infections, respectively.</div><div>Daily prednisolone dose was at, or greater than 10 mg and overall median long term steroid treatment duration was 3.1 years. Notably, for NTM the median daily prednisolone dose was 12.5 mg. Median prednisolone dosing for PJP was only reported in one of the publications, comprising six patients, at 17 mg per day. Where data was available, 45 of the 95 patients (47.3 %) were deceased at last follow-up. Of the 45 deaths, 32 (71.1 %) were attributed to the intercurrent infection.</div><div>In summary, opportunistic infections are commonly reported in VEXAS syndrome. Prophylaxis for such infections remains paramount but no clear consensus on recommendations exists, highlighting the need for prospective studies. Moreover, furthering our understanding of pathophysiology of VEXAS syndrome and impairment in both innate and humoral immunity may clarify its contribution to infections in addition to high background immunosuppressive therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"73 4","pages":"Article 103524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 18 patients with atypical inherited bone marrow failure syndromes: Efficacy and long-term outcomes","authors":"Yimin Wang,&nbsp;Jing Wang,&nbsp;Qianqian Xiao,&nbsp;Xiaolin Yu,&nbsp;Xiaochen Song,&nbsp;Wenjun Li,&nbsp;Lei Deng,&nbsp;Yixi Hou,&nbsp;Fang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103519","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"73 3","pages":"Article 103519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthracycline and arsenic trioxide-based regimens for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia: thiamine levels monitoring importance","authors":"Reda Garidi,&nbsp;Hassina Aftisse,&nbsp;Djedjiga Si Tayeb,&nbsp;Chahrazad Benchchouk,&nbsp;Nadia Sari Hassoun,&nbsp;Assia Alem,&nbsp;Tamim Alsuliman","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103520","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"73 3","pages":"Article 103520"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytomegalovirus HLA antigen load as a new potential predictive factor after haploidentical stem cell transplantation","authors":"Antonio Milano ,&nbsp;Jacopo Mariotti ,&nbsp;Pietro Crivello ,&nbsp;Giulia Di Maggio ,&nbsp;Giorgia Cornacchini ,&nbsp;Giuliana Lando ,&nbsp;Silvano Rossini ,&nbsp;Marialuisa Lavitrano ,&nbsp;Stefania Bramanti ,&nbsp;Roberto Crocchiolo","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Among the complications occurring after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), infection by human Cytomegalovirus (CMV) represents one of the most relevant in terms of morbidity/mortality and specific management is required by either monitoring viral load and administer anti-CMV therapies. Due to the physiological role of the Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) system in presenting foreign antigens to the adaptive immune system to enhance viral clearance, we measured here the HLA antigen load for two immunodominant CMV peptides and correlate with transplant outcome in 238 consecutive adult patients undergoing haploidentical HSCT at a single center.</div><div>Interestingly, a higher class I antigen load (i.e. above the median) for protein IE1 correlated with an inferior absolute incidence of CMV infection; moreover, a statistically significant correlation with lower non-relapse mortality and higher overall survival was observed (HR: 0.32, 0.12–0.84, <em>p</em> = 0.02; 0.34 (0.17–0.69, <em>p</em> = 0.003; respectively), with a protective effect in patients with high antigen load values.</div><div>Despite additional research is needed, our exploratory data support the role of the HLA polymorphism on CMV infection and survival after HSCT. The introduction of CMV antigen load as a new potential predictive factor might contribute to further define the post-transplant risk on an individualised basis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"73 3","pages":"Article 103518"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidimensional evaluation of CMV-specific T Cells: enhancing therapy through transcriptional insights","authors":"Changchang Sun ,&nbsp;Mingli Xu ,&nbsp;Min Yan ,&nbsp;Meiying Shen ,&nbsp;Xiaojian Han ,&nbsp;Hongbin Zhang ,&nbsp;Chao Hu ,&nbsp;Yingming Wang ,&nbsp;Wang Wang ,&nbsp;Aishun Jin ,&nbsp;Yingying Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adoptive immunotherapy with CMV-specific T cells (CMV-VSTs) has shown favorable efficacy and minimal adverse effects in clinical settings, serving as prophylaxis, preemptive and/or curative treatment for the restoration of CMV-specific immunity in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The establishment of a CMV-VST bank enables the prompt use of CMV-VSTs as off-the-shelf therapeutics. CMV-VSTs can be generated through cell culture or immunomagnetic selection based on IFN-γ secretion or multimer technology. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of generating CMV-VSTs via cell expansion after IFN-γ based immunomagnetic isolation, with the goal of establishing a good-quality, cost-effective local production approach. We also assessed the value of incorporating transcriptomic analysis into the current T cell evaluation framework. Our results demonstrate that good-quality CMV-VSTs can be produced using either autologous feeder cells or feeder cells from the rapid expansion protocol (REP), in combination with cytokines such as IL-2 or IL-7/IL-15. Phenotypic and functional analyses confirmed the consistent quality of the final T cell products and showed no significant differences across the various combinations of feeder cells and cytokines. However, transcriptomic analysis highlighted the advantages of using IL-7/IL-15 and autologous feeder cells. Collectively, our findings offer new insights into future strategies for the manufacturing of antigen-specific T cells and underscore the importance of comprehensive, multidimensional assessment in T cell-based immunotherapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"73 3","pages":"Article 103517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organ transplantation in Africa: Confronting socioeconomic, cultural, and infrastructural hurdles","authors":"David B. Olawade ,&nbsp;Aderonke Odetayo ,&nbsp;Sheila Marinze ,&nbsp;Eghosasere Egbon ,&nbsp;Viviane Chinwah","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Organ transplantation is a critical procedure offering life-saving treatment for patients with end-stage organ failure. In Africa, however, the accessibility and development of organ transplantation are severely hampered by numerous barriers. Socioeconomic disparities, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, legal and ethical gaps, cultural resistance, and the dual burden of infectious and non-communicable diseases are among the significant challenges faced. This review aims to comprehensively explore these barriers and propose actionable strategies to address them.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A narrative review was conducted by searching electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and JSTOR. The review prioritized studies addressing the challenges of organ transplantation in Africa, focusing on socioeconomic factors, healthcare infrastructure, cultural beliefs, legal frameworks, and the impact of infectious and non-communicable diseases. Studies offering solutions tailored to the African context were also included.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The review identified several key obstacles, including high costs of transplantation, a limited number of transplant centers, and a critical shortage of skilled healthcare professionals. Cultural beliefs and widespread misconceptions impede organ donation acceptance. Additionally, infectious and non-communicable diseases complicate the transplantation process and outcomes. Weak legal frameworks exacerbate the risks of organ trafficking and unethical practices, while low public awareness further undermines efforts to enhance organ donation rates.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Addressing these multifaceted challenges necessitates a comprehensive approach. Strengthening healthcare infrastructure, enhancing capacity-building programs, developing robust legal and ethical frameworks, and implementing targeted public education campaigns are critical for improving organ transplantation in Africa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"73 3","pages":"Article 103516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel complex mutation in the exon 9 of CALR gene: p.E381fs*52 (gagg_CCTCTTTGCCTC)","authors":"Alessandro Laganà,&nbsp;Claudia Ielo,&nbsp;Sonia Buffolino,&nbsp;Attilio Di Lascio,&nbsp;Luisa Bizzoni,&nbsp;Emilia Scalzulli,&nbsp;Ida Carmosino,&nbsp;Maria Laura Bisegna,&nbsp;Daniela Diverio,&nbsp;Massimo Breccia","doi":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.retram.2025.103514","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54260,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Translational Medicine","volume":"73 3","pages":"Article 103514"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}