SLAS Technology最新文献

{"title":"Innovations in otolaryngology using LLM for early detection of sleep-disordered breathing","authors":"Jin Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Li ,&nbsp;Qianjun Xia ,&nbsp;Liangcai Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB), including conditions like Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), represents a major health concern, characterized by irregular airflow during sleep due to airway obstruction. SDB can result in serious health problems. Implementation of early intervention is vital whenever patient outcomes are to be considered. This research aims to advance research on otolaryngology using Machine Learning (ML) models, and Large Language Models (LLM) for identification of SDB using Electronic Health Record (HER). The approach proposes a hybrid ML framework combining the Dynamic Seagull Search algorithm-driven Large Language model (DSS-LLM). The extensive clinical dataset is used to train the model. It includes patient demographics, medical history, sleep habits, comorbidities, and physical measurements. Data pre-processing involves handling missing values, applying NLP techniques, and normalization. Feature extraction is done using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimensionality of the hyperparameters and finally for selecting the best set of predictors. The extracted features are then used to train the proposed DSS-LLM model, which incorporates the DSS algorithm to optimize the LLM classifier, improving classification accuracy and model robustness. Subsequently, the idea of LLM is introduced for its application on textual clinical records comprising physicians' reports and patients’ symptoms. The findings from an experiment suggest that the proposed model enhances the classification accuracy achieved to 98.91 %, precision attained by 98.9 %, recall achieved to 98.92 % and F-1 score attained by 98.58 % as compared to the models developed earlier. This research provides a novel solution to the screening of OSA at the pre-clinical level which involves hybrid machine learning models integrated with LLMs. This proposed framework is expected to boost clinical judgment and thereby increase better ophthalmology outcomes for patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54248,"journal":{"name":"SLAS Technology","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of melittin-induced acute kidney injury in different degrees in rats by contrast-enhanced ultrasound techniques","authors":"JinLian Li ,&nbsp;JianZheng Yang ,&nbsp;ShiFeng Lai ,&nbsp;QingLan He ,&nbsp;ShiYing Li ,&nbsp;LinLing Liu ,&nbsp;MingXing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To evaluate the renal perfusion of acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by melittin in the rats using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Twenty-four healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into high concentration of melittin group, low concentration of melittin group and control group with 8 rats in each group. Melittin was injected through the rats' right femoral vein, to establish a rat model of AKI. Twelve hours later, CEUS and its Quantitative analysis of TIC parameters was performed. Blood samples from rats were taken to detect creatinine (Cr), right kidney was removed to perform HE staining and apoptosis markers (BAX,Bcl-2,Casepase3) assessment. The correlations among the quantitative parameters of CEUS TIC, Cr and apoptosis marker of PCR were analyzed.Results shows: 1.The quantitative parameters of CEUS TIC(Peak, TP, AUC, MTT) and apoptosis markers PCR parameters (BAX, Bcl-2, Casepase3) were significantly different among three groups (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01);2. Correlation analysis: Within the high concentration group: There was a correlation among the quantitative parameters of CEUS TIC, cr and apoptosis marker of PCR;In the low concentration group: There was a correlation between the quantitative parameters of CEUS TIC and the parameters of apoptosis marker of PCR, but There was no correlation between Cr and the former two. CEUS can provide a sensitive,real-time,non-invasive technique to detect and evaluate the degree of AKI earlier than Cr.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54248,"journal":{"name":"SLAS Technology","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application effect of rehabilitation robots in rehabilitation of limb movement disorders based on neural network algorithms","authors":"Dongchen Han","doi":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the continuous advancement of computer technology and sensor technology, rehabilitation robots have shown great potential in the rehabilitation treatment of limb movement disorders. This paper designs a rehabilitation robot based on a neural network algorithm to improve the rehabilitation effect of patients with limb movement disorders. The robot consists of a four-axis robotic arm, a three-finger gripper, a wheeled chassis and a variety of sensors. The control program written in C language and the host computer program written in Python language realize the control of motion and force, and the neural network algorithm is used to accurately adjust the position and force. In the control system design, the back propagation algorithm is used to train the neural network, and it is optimized in combination with multiple data to ensure that the robot can accurately track and assist the patient's limb movement. In order to verify the effect of the rehabilitation robot, this paper conducted an experimental evaluation. The experimental group was patients who received rehabilitation training based on the neural network algorithm, and the control group was patients who received traditional physical therapy. Through the evaluation of multiple indicators such as the 10-meter walking test, Berg balance scale, Jebsen-Taylor hand function test and MOS SF-36 health questionnaire, the experimental results showed that the improvement of the experimental group in each test was significantly better than that of the control group. Especially in the Berg balance scale and Jebsen-Taylor hand function test, the scores of the experimental group were significantly improved, indicating that the rehabilitation robot plays an important supporting role in the rehabilitation training of patients with limb movement disorders and has broad application prospects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54248,"journal":{"name":"SLAS Technology","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automation of protein crystallization scaleup via Opentrons-2 liquid handling","authors":"Jacob B. DeRoo ,&nbsp;Alec A. Jones ,&nbsp;Caroline K. Slaughter ,&nbsp;Tim W. Ahr ,&nbsp;Sam M. Stroup ,&nbsp;Grace B. Thompson ,&nbsp;Christopher D. Snow","doi":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study we present an approach for optimizing protein crystallization trials at the multi-microliter scale utilizing the Opentrons-2 liquid handling robot. Our research demonstrates the robot's capability to automate 24-well sitting drop protein crystallization trials. Using Python scripts for precise control, the study explores the robot's application in mixing and setting up crystallization plates with a model protein (hen egg white lysozyme) and a periplasmic protein from <em>Campylobacter jejuni,</em> a crystal utilized in the Snow lab as a biomaterial for nanotechnology that requires large, consistent batches. In a head-to-head comparison with manual 24-well plate setup, crystal growth statistics indicate our approach can reduce manual labor and increase reliability in protein crystallization, and may also reduce variability, offering an economical and versatile tool for laboratories. This study shows facile adaption of the Opentrons interface and hardware for growth of two different crystal types. All developed liquid handling routines and relevant data files, in addition to demonstration videos are available at <span><span>https://github.com/jbderoo/Opentrons2-Protein-Crystallization</span><svg><path></path></svg></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":54248,"journal":{"name":"SLAS Technology","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolite fingerprinting by infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry","authors":"Alena N. Joignant,&nbsp;Fan Pu,&nbsp;Shaun M. McLoughlin,&nbsp;James W. Sawicki,&nbsp;Andrew J. Radosevich,&nbsp;Renze Ma,&nbsp;Jon D. Williams,&nbsp;Sujatha M. Gopalakrishnan,&nbsp;Nathaniel L. Elsen","doi":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The adoption of mass spectrometry for high-throughput screening in drug discovery has become increasingly prevalent and has enabled label-free screening against diverse targets. Cellular assays for phenotypic screening, however, are primarily conducted by microscopy as there remain many challenges associated with conducting phenotypic screens via ultra-high throughput mass spectrometry.</div><div>Following a simple on-plate extraction, infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) was employed to directly sample the cell lysate at a speed of one sample per second with high mass resolution. A549 cells were treated with compounds identified as hits in literature, including a recently reported glutaminase cellular screen. Among the test compounds were confirmed glutaminase inhibitors, proposed nuisance compounds, and cell-active but enzyme-inactive compounds. Filtered data were further processed in R for dimensionality reduction and unsupervised clustering. The general nature of dimensionality reduction enables the immediate use of this method in applications other than glutaminase inhibition.</div><div>Though we observed that all compounds affected the intracellular conversion of glutamine to glutamate, there were clear metabolic differences between the biochemically active compounds and the off-target false hits. Moreover, two nuisance compounds were observed to cluster separately from the confirmed glutaminase inhibitors in the observed metabolite fingerprints.</div><div>This proof-of-concept work establishes a workflow that enables high-throughput mass spectrometry-based phenotypic screening. The methods proposed herein, at the throughput enabled by IR-MALDESI, could offer a new avenue for the discovery of novel drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54248,"journal":{"name":"SLAS Technology","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transformative effects of fluorescence imaging technologies on current vascular surgical practices: An updated review","authors":"Tao Fang,&nbsp;Jianxin Dong,&nbsp;Zhilei Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluorescence imaging technologies have revolutionized vascular surgery by enabling real-time visualization of vascular anatomy, blood circulation, and tissue perfusion, thus improving intraoperative decision-making. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of key fluorescence modalities, including Fluorescence-Guided Surgery (FGS), Near-Infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging, and Indocyanine Green (ICG) angiography, highlighting their roles in optimizing tissue perfusion assessment, vessel patency evaluation, and identifying anatomical variations. Unlike existing literature, this review addresses critical gaps in current practices by comparing these technologies and exploring their applications across a range of vascular procedures such as peripheral vascular surgery, coronary artery bypass grafting, and oncological operations. The review further delves into the potential future directions for fluorescence imaging in vascular surgery, emphasizing emerging technologies, challenges in clinical implementation, and how these advancements can enhance surgical precision, patient outcomes, and intraoperative guidance. By synthesizing the latest developments, this review offers valuable insights into the evolving role of fluorescence imaging in vascular surgery and its potential to transform surgical practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54248,"journal":{"name":"SLAS Technology","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computer interactive intelligent music therapy assisted student mental health information processing in life sciences","authors":"Fang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to explore music therapy methods suitable for different types of students, this paper analyzes students' daily behavioral habits, studies the motivations and sources of their mental health activities, and constructs a student mental health data processing system based on network application development tools. Using .net application development tools as the main tool, a student mental health data information processing system is simulated and designed. Based on its own understanding of usage, this paper analyzes several commonly used system function modules and supplements the IoT smart medical health monitoring architecture. The results show that music therapy has a certain therapeutic effect on students' mental health. The high school students surveyed in this questionnaire meet the scope of application of music therapy. Combined with the various advantages of modern computer technology and IoT sensors, the mental health status of students is analyzed to restore their mental health level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54248,"journal":{"name":"SLAS Technology","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifcation of the FGF family as therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers in the microenvironment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingchun Gao ,&nbsp;Yumei Tian ,&nbsp;Jian Wei ,&nbsp;Yingjiao Xu ,&nbsp;Xuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Minhai Nie ,&nbsp;Xuqian Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100271","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Almost 90 % of head and neck malignancies are malignant squamous cell cancers, making it the sixth most common malignancy in the developing countries, with an overall five-year overall survival rate about 40 %-50 %. Early diagnosis and treatment can bring a better prognosis. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is an important polypeptide &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt;. Studies have found that FGF signal has carcinogenic potential and participates in a variety of carcinogenic behaviors. Some experiments have proved that FGF signal has the function of tumor inhibition in some cases, and the role of FGF signalling in tissue repair and homeostasis suggest a role for FGF in targeted therapy and prognosis. However, its manifestation and predictive role in HNSC have not been clearly defined.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Genome-wide expression analysis of Oncomine evaluated the evaluation of FGF family expression in HNSC. Expression analysis and HNSC data set were used to obtain FGF family expression data and T statistic was applied for analysis. The differential mRNA expression levels in tumor versus normal tissues, as well as the correlation with pathological staging and prognosis, were examined using the GEPIA single-gene analysis tool for the FGF family.FGF family altered CO expression and network modules were obtained from cBioportal and analyzed in 520 HNSC samples.Pro-protein interaction (PPI) flow network is performed on the differentially ordered FGF clusters using STRING, Gene Operating System (GO) domain domain enrichment as well as Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis are performed on the FGF cluster and its neighbouring genes using DAVID6.8, key transcriptional factors (TF) of FGF family was analyzed by TRRUST, correlation between FGF family level and autoimmune cell migration was evaluated by TIMER, and biological analysis of FGF family kinase target enrichment was performed using LinkInterpreter.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Only the expression of FGF6 in HNSC was down-regulated in all FGF family(FC=2),Transcriptional level of FGF1, FGF2, FGF5, FGF7–14, FGF17–19, FGF21 and FGF22 was upregulated in HNSC .In terms of the relative level of FGF family in HNSC, the greatest amount of FGF11. In different pathological stages of HNSC, the expression of FGF was meaningless (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&gt;0.05), and FGF3–6, FGF8–10, FGF14, FGF16, FGF17, FGF1921, FGF23 showed no significant difference in different HNSC stages. Low expression of FGF5 and high expression of FGF22 had low overall survival(OS) rate of HNSC(&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; =0.012, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; =0.0015). In addition, enrichment analysis of FGF family in HNSC showed that it was highly abundant in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK and rasper pathway. Our data showed that ATF4, STAT, RELA, NFKB1 are key transcription target of the FGF family, NLK, LOCK1, LYN, ZAP70, MAP2K3, RPS6KA4, AURKB, ATR, ROCK1, MYLK2, CAMK2A, EGFR, MAPK3, MAP3K8, SYK, LCK, HCK, PK","PeriodicalId":54248,"journal":{"name":"SLAS Technology","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100271"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digitalizing the design-make-test-analyze workflow in drug discovery with an electronic inventory platform","authors":"Ting Qin,&nbsp;Aparna Chandrasekaran,&nbsp;Jason Shiers,&nbsp;Matthew Crittall,&nbsp;Ciaran O’Reilly,&nbsp;Colin Sambrook Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drug discovery is a collaborative endeavor that often involves scientists from various disciplines and global collaborators. Efficient real-time sharing and updating of design-make-test-analyze (DMTA) information remains a challenge in drug discovery, hindering timely decision-making and project advancement. We propose a novel approach utilizing existing electronic inventory systems as DMTA workflow tracking platforms. Our approach at Sygnature Discovery leverages the inherent flexibility of these systems, allowing us to tailor stages and compound information to individual project needs, resulting in significant cost savings compared with building an in-house solution or purchasing a commercial solution. Given the wide adoption of electronic inventory platforms in drug discovery, our strategy holds immense potential for easy adoption and broad application across the industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54248,"journal":{"name":"SLAS Technology","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tripartite game analysis of online public opinion evolution in major epidemics in the context of life sciences","authors":"Jinghua Zhao ,&nbsp;Shaoyun Cui ,&nbsp;Zhuang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.slast.2025.100266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the face of a sudden major epidemic, people's panic may likely lead to the disruption of the public opinion ecosystem and the disorder of public opinion order. Therefore, clarifying the key main bodies and mechanisms in governing online public opinion is of crucial significance for effectively managing and guiding it. Firstly, based on the sentiment analysis of opinion leaders, an evolutionary game model involving the government, netizens, and opinion leaders was constructed. It analyzed the gaming relationships among relevant stakeholders in the process of online opinion dissemination. Then, a simulation experiment is carried out to analyze the evolution of each stakeholder's strategy choice, and the effectiveness of the simulation scenario is verified by NLP technology. The research results show that when dealing with online public opinion during a major epidemic, the government should choose an appropriate time to intervene and reduce the cost of interfering with public opinion. The change in punishment intensity by the government has a greater impact on opinion leaders than on netizens. Additionally, when the government guides opinion leaders, increasing the degree of reward for opinion leaders is more effective than increasing the intensity of punishment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54248,"journal":{"name":"SLAS Technology","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}