Antibiotics-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Antifungal Effects of the Phloroglucinol Derivative DPPG Against Pathogenic <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>.","authors":"Liyang Wang, Junying He, Hanzhong Feng, Qian Li, Meirong Song, Haoran Gou, Yongxing He, Kui Zhu","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14050499","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14050499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Fungal infections pose an increasingly predominant threat to human and animal health. Modified compounds derived from chemo-diverse natural products offer enhanced therapeutic efficacies and promising approaches to combat life-threatening fungal pathogens. <b>Methods:</b> We performed biosynthetic gene clusters analysis of 2,4-diacetylchloroglucoside (DAPG) in 4292 shotgun metagenomes samples from the healthy and diseased skin. Then, we assessed the antifungal activity of DAPG and the derivative 2,4-diproylphloroglucinol (DPPG) against pathogenic fungi by minimum inhibitory concentrations. The inhibitory effects of DPPG were measured using hyphal growth assay and spore germination assay. Concurrently, the mechanism of DPPG on <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> was investigated in membrane permeability and fluidity. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated in a <i>Galleria mellonella</i> infection model. <b>Results:</b> We observed a significantly higher abundance of bacteria harboring DAPG biosynthetic clusters on healthy skin compared to diseased skin. Further, we designed and synthesized a series of phloroglucinol derivatives based on DAPG and obtained an antifungal candidate DPPG. DPPG not only exhibited robust antifungal activity against <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. and <i>Candida</i> spp. but also impaired hyphal growth and spore germination of <i>A. fumigatus</i> in vitro. A mechanism study showed that DPPG reduced membrane fluidity and increased the leakage of cellular contents, resulting in membrane perturbation and fungal death. Lastly, the therapeutic efficacy of DPPG was confirmed in a <i>G. mellonella</i> infection model. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our study demonstrates that DPPG is a potent scaffold to combat invasive fungal infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pilot Study in Humans on the Urinary Tract Excretion of the FimH Inhibitor 1-Deoxymannose.","authors":"Hiromi Hayashi, Naoto Miyazaki, Takuya Kawakami, Shusaku Izumi, Kazuhiro Yoshinaga","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14050498","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14050498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>FimH inhibitors are anticipated to serve as preventive therapeutics against urinary tract infections. Consequently, multiple inhibitors-predominantly D-mannose derivatives-have been synthesized, and their binding affinities (determined by dissociation coefficient; K_D) to FimH have been examined in vitro. Nevertheless, the amounts of most of these synthetic compounds that reach the urinary tract after oral administration in humans have not been investigated. D-mannose (Man) and its analog, 1-Deoxymannose (DM), have already been reported to show K_D values against FimH. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the post-oral ingestion of FimH inhibitory potentials of DM and Man in the urinary tract.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six participants were given single 1 g doses of DM and Man in a crossover test. The sample concentrations in urine were measured 8 h after ingestion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DM levels increased rapidly after oral intake; contrarily, Man was detected in the urine before administration, with no notable increase post-ingestion. The peak concentration ranges of Man and DM in urine were 2.15-22.9 μg/mL and 665-57,804 μg/mL, respectively, which are 66.3-707 and 3600-31,200 times that of K_D, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicate that DM as a supplement is an orally active FimH inhibitor in the human urinary tract. Conversely, d-mannose is expected to exert comparatively milder inhibition.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. Isolates from Clinical Cases of Waterfowl in Hungary Between 2022 and 2023.","authors":"Ádám Kerek, Ábel Szabó, Ákos Jerzsele","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14050496","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14050496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an escalating concern in both human and veterinary medicine, particularly in the poultry sector, where antibiotic usage is substantial. <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> are important pathogens in waterfowl, causing systemic infections. However, there is a significant lack of data regarding their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in waterfowl populations. This study aims to address this gap by determining the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of isolates from Hungarian waterfowl farms and evaluating resistance patterns in clinical isolates. <b>Methods</b>: A total of eight <i>S. aureus</i> and 19 <i>Streptococcus</i> isolates were collected from ducks and geese between 2022 and 2023. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for 15 antimicrobials using the broth microdilution method. Potential associations between MIC values were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation test. <b>Results</b>: High MIC values were observed for tetracyclines, phenicols, and fluoroquinolones, in the case of <i>Streptococcus</i>, with 89.5% of isolates exhibiting resistance to doxycycline, 63.2% to florfenicol, and in the case of <i>S. aureus</i>, 25.0% to enrofloxacin. In the case of <i>Streptococcus</i>, a strong positive correlation was identified between tylosin and tiamulin (0.88, <i>p</i> < 0.001), as well as between tylosin and lincomycin (0.75, <i>p</i> < 0.001). A moderate correlation was observed between doxycycline and spectinomycin (0.72, <i>p</i> = 0.03), suggesting potential co-selection mechanisms. <b>Conclusions</b>: Our findings emphasize the necessity of continuous AMR surveillance in the waterfowl industry, particularly for multidrug-resistant strains. Understanding cross-resistance patterns is crucial for developing targeted control measures, and future studies should incorporate whole-genome sequencing to elucidate resistance determinants and co-selection mechanisms. This study highlights the potential public health and veterinary risks associated with AMR in waterfowl and reinforces the importance of responsible antibiotic use and the development of alternative therapeutic strategies in veterinary practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Curcumin Analogue (PAC) Inhibits <i>Candida albicans</i> Virulence, Restricts Its Adhesion Potential, and Relieves Oral Epithelial Cell Inflammation and Defense Mechanisms.","authors":"Ghazoua Mezni, Hawraa Issa, Manal Dahdah, Anaïs Poulin, Adam Daïch, Abdulaziz Alamri, Mahmoud Rouabhia, Abdelhabib Semlali","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14050495","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14050495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> The oral cavity hosts one of the most complex microbial communities in the body. A disruption of the balance favors the growth of pathogenic species, contributing to oral diseases. The rise in microbial resistance has limited the effectiveness of conventional treatments, shifting the interest to natural product-based alternatives. Given its superior bioavailability and bioactivity in other models, this study investigates the antifungal potential of a novel curcumin derivative, PAC (3,5-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-<i>N</i>-methyl-4-piperidone), and studies its impact on host-pathogen dynamics and host defense mechanisms. <b>Methods:</b><i>Candida albicans</i> was used as the model organism. Viability, growth kinetics, and colony formation were evaluated using optical density, agar culture, and MTT assay. Biofilm formation was assessed through electron microscopy and total sugar quantification. The morphological transition from hyphae to the less virulent blastospore was monitored using an optical microscope. The gene expression of adhesion factors and host defense markers was analyzed using RT-PCR. <b>Results:</b> PAC impairs <i>C. albicans</i> viability and reduces virulence by compromising biofilm formation and ensuring phenotypic transition to a blastospore form. Also, PAC controls <i>C. albicans</i> growth via necrosis/ROS pathways. As a result, PAC appears to repress host-pathogen interaction by downregulating SAPs, EAP1, and HWP1 adhesion genes, thus relieving the need to activate gingival epithelial cell defense mechanisms. This is highlighted by recording baseline levels of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1β cytokines and antimicrobial β-defensin peptides in the presence of less virulent candida forms. <b>Conclusions:</b> PAC effectively reduces <i>C. albicans</i> virulence by limiting biofilm formation and adhesion while minimizing inflammatory responses. These findings support its potential as a promising therapeutic agent for infectious disease control.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lack of Spontaneous and Adaptive Resistance Development in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Against the Antimicrobial Peptide LTX-109.","authors":"Bhupender Singh, Mia Angelique Winkler, Wasifa Kabir, Johanna U Ericson, Arnfinn Sundsfjord","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14050492","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14050492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nasal carriage of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and its antibiotic-resistant derivative, methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA), is a risk factor for nosocomial <i>S. aureus</i> infections. Mupirocin is a topical antibiotic and a key in the decolonization of both methicillin-susceptible <i>S. aureus</i> (MSSA) and MRSA carriage in patients and health care personnel. Recent observations have shown a global increase in the prevalence of mupirocin-resistant MSSA and MRSA, reducing the efficacy of mupirocin in decolonization regimens. LTX-109 is a peptidomimetic synthetic compound that has shown broad-spectrum bactericidal antimicrobial activity in vitro and in animal experiments. However, the development of resistance against LTX-109 in clinical isolates of MRSA and MSSA has not been systematically examined.</p><p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Here, we assess the development of spontaneous and adaptive resistance against LTX-109 in genomically diverse MRSA (<i>n</i> = 3) and MSSA (<i>n</i> = 4) strains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adaptive and mutational resistance were examined by serial passaging strains over 60 cycles in a range of LTX-109 and mupirocin concentrations. Spontaneous resistance was examined in high-inoculum agar plates with 2-8 times the concentration above MIC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Throughout serial passage, LTX-109 MICs varied less than 4-fold compared to the initial MIC of 4-8 mg/L, while mupirocin MICs increased in all susceptible strains (<i>n</i> = 5) from 0.25 mg/L to 16-512 mg/L. The spontaneous resistance assay demonstrated no resistance development at 4-8× MIC LTX-109 and an inoculum effect at 2× MIC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrate the novelty of LTX-109 as an antimicrobial agent with no detectable in vitro resistance development in selected clinical strains of MRSA and MSSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Mortality of Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in Pediatric Intensive Care Units in Argentina (PREV-AR-P).","authors":"Wanda Cornistein, Carina Balasini, Yanina Nuccetelli, Viviana M Rodriguez, Norma Cudmani, Maria Virginia Roca, Graciela Sadino, Martín Brizuela, Analía Fernández, Soledad González, Damián Águila, Alejandra Macchi, Maria Inés Staneloni, Elisa Estenssoro","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14050493","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14050493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Data on multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infections in children are scarce, especially in resource-limited regions. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MDRO infections in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) and characterize their epidemiologic and clinical features. <b>Methods:</b> A national, multicenter, point-prevalence study was conducted in 50 PICUs in Argentina over 24 h between 24 and 28 November 2023. The primary study outcome was the prevalence of ICU infections caused by MDROs. Secondary outcomes included the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing <i>Enterobacterales</i> (CPE) colonization, ICU mortality, and ICU length of stay (LOS_ICU). <b>Results:</b> 304 patients were included. The overall prevalence of infection was 45.1% (137/304); of these, 50.3% (69/137) were hospital-acquired. Among the 137 patients with reported infections, 49.6% (<i>n</i> = 68) were classified as definite (microbiologically confirmed) and 50.4% (<i>n</i> = 69) as probable (no confirmatory microbiology). Among definite infections, 20.6% (<i>n</i> = 14) were due to MDROs. The overall prevalence of MDRO infections was 4.6% (14/304). Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms were the most commonly identified microorganisms (42.9%), followed by CPE (28.6%). Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) was the most frequent location of MDRO infections. The prevalence of CPE colonization was 13.2%. Mortality was low (5.3%) and similar in patients with MDRO and non-MDRO infections. LOS_ICU was longer in patients with MDRO infections compared to patients with non-MDRO infections (81 [22-150] vs. 25 [12-27] days, respectively, <i>p</i> = 0.0007). <b>Conclusions:</b> Among 304 PICU patients, the prevalence of MDRO infections and colonization was relatively low. MDRO infections were not associated with increased mortality but were associated with longer ICU stays, compared to patients with non-MDRO infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Activity of Clove (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) Essential Oil in Meat and Meat Products: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Eduardo Valarezo, Guicela Ledesma-Monteros, Ximena Jaramillo-Fierro, Matteo Radice, Miguel Angel Meneses","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14050494","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14050494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Clove (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) essential oil is widely recognized for its potent antimicrobial properties, making it a valuable natural preservative in food products, particularly in meat and meat derivatives, where it helps extend shelf life and enhance food safety. <b>Methods:</b> This systematic review aims to evaluate the application of clove essential oil in meat and meat products, following the PRISMA 2020 methodology, to analyze its antimicrobial efficacy and its impact on the preservation of these products. The information search was carried out in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases and included research articles in English published between 1999 and 2024, and 37 studies were confirmed as eligible. <b>Results:</b> Due to the heterogeneity of methodologies and concentrations evaluated, a narrative analysis was chosen, organizing the studies into three categories according to the application of the essential oil: direct addition, use in edible films and coatings, and encapsulation. The analysis included the main components of the essential oil, the activity analysis method, a concentration evaluation, storage conditions, the activities obtained, and a sensory evaluation. However, variability in methodologies and concentrations made direct comparison between studies difficult. <b>Conclusions:</b> Overall, this review confirms the effectiveness of clove essential oil in preserving meat and meat products but highlights the need to standardize its concentration and application conditions to optimize its use in the food industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Antibiotic-Induced Microbial Dysbiosis and Gut Inflammation in Mice.","authors":"Kristine Rothaus Christensen, Torben Sølbeck Rasmussen, Caroline M Junker Mentzel, Sofie Kaas Lanng, Elena Tina Gabriella Meloni, Hanne Christine Bertram, Camilla Hartmann Friis Hansen, Axel Kornerup Hansen","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14050488","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14050488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Antibiotics have a significant impact on the gut microbiota, and we hypothesized that human milk oligosaccharides may alleviate antibiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis. <b>Methods</b>: Six groups of eight mice were administered drinking water with or without ampicillin for one week. We then introduced the human milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL), either alone or in combination with difucosyl-lactose (DFL), for two weeks after the termination of ampicillin treatment. <b>Results</b>: Ampicillin reduced microbiota diversity and the abundance of specific bacteria. One week after the termination of ampicillin treatment, the 2'FL + DFL mixture counteracted the ampicillin-induced reduction in diversity, although this effect was not sustained. Over the subsequent two weeks, the 2'FL + DFL mixture had a significant impact on the relative abundances of <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp. and <i>Bacteroides</i> spp. Ampicillin also reduced caecal propionate levels, downregulated the gene <i>Gzmb</i> for Granzyme B, and upregulated the gene <i>Reg3a</i> for Regenerating islet-derived protein 3 alpha, all of which were counteracted by the 2'FL + DFL mixture. Ampicillin had a minor impact on ileal cytokine levels. The 2'FL + DFL mixture showed a cytokine effect indicating reduced adaptive and innate inflammation. Ampicillin reduced water intake and growth in the mice. The oligosaccharides did not affect water intake, but the 2'FL + DFL mixture slightly reduced body weight. <b>Conclusions</b>: The 2'FL + DFL mixture appears to hold potential for counteracting some of the side effects of ampicillin treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Multidrug Resistance in University Hospital Environment.","authors":"Francesco Foglia, Annalisa Ambrosino, Shahab Bashir, Emiliana Finamore, Carla Zannella, Giovanna Donnarumma, Anna De Filippis, Massimiliano Galdiero","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14050490","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14050490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b><i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is a significant pathogen and a major contributor to healthcare-associated infections, particularly in intensive care units. Its high potential for developing multiple drug resistance (MDR) makes it a challenging pathogen to manage. This study investigates the prevalence and resistance patterns of MDR <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates over a six-year period at a university hospital in Southern Italy. <b>Objective:</b> The aims of this study are to evaluate recent trends in the prevalence of MDR <i>A. baumannii</i>, analyze resistance patterns, and assess the impact of the antimicrobial diagnostic stewardship program implemented in 2018. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the University Hospital of Campania \"Luigi Vanvitelli\" from 2018 to 2023. A total of 191 <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates from blood, urine, and wound samples were analyzed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed following EUCAST guidelines. The prevalence of MDR strains was assessed across three periods: pre-pandemic (2018-2019), during the pandemic (2020-2021), and post-pandemic (2022-2023) <b>Results:</b> Among the 191 isolates, 89.5% were classified as MDR. The highest number of isolates occurred in 2020, with blood cultures and urine samples increasing by 40.9% and 62.5%, respectively, while wound isolates decreased by 34.2%. The implementation of antimicrobial diagnostic stewardship programs correlated with a reduction in carbapenem resistance in 2020 and 2022. However, resistance to meropenem and colistin persisted. A 60.4% decline in total isolation from 2020 to 2023 suggests effective infection control measures. <b>Conclusions:</b> MDR <i>A. baumannii</i> remains a significant threat to healthcare. Although there have been slight reductions in resistance following antimicrobial stewardship interventions, persistent resistance to last-line antibiotics underscores the urgent need for alternative treatments, enhanced surveillance, and stricter infection control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Phylogenetic Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant Non-Typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> Isolates from Different Sources in Southern Vietnam.","authors":"Daria Starkova, Svetlana Egorova, Ludmila Suzhaeva, Truong Quang Nguyen, Lidiia Kaftyreva, Maria Makarova, Samida Zhamborova, Dmitrii Polev, Alina Saitova, Vu Hoang Nguyen, Tram Khac Vo, Long Thanh Nguyen","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14050489","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14050489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> (NTS) is one of the most common causative agents of food poisoning in Vietnam, and contaminated livestock meat poses a major risk to human health. The present study aims to provide the genetic characteristics of NTS with a particular focus on antimicrobial resistance and determine phylogenetic relationships between isolates from different sources in Southern Vietnam based on whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 49 NTS isolates from pork/broiler meat, pigs, chickens, and humans were collected in Ho Chi Minh City and four provinces of Southern Vietnam. Phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) and WGS for all isolates were performed. <b>Results</b>: As a result, 14 different serotypes were identified, among which <i>S.</i> Typhimurium and its monophasic variant were the dominant serotypes for human and pig sources. All chicken samples belonged to <i>S</i>. Indiana, whereas <i>S</i>. Infantis predominated in broiler meat. AST results revealed that 98% of isolates were multidrug resistant. NTS strains isolated from poultry and pigs exhibited resistance to the highest priority antimicrobials-quinolones and polymyxin, as well as to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracycline, and sulfonamide, which are considered to be critical for the treatment of severe diseases. <b>Conclusions:</b> The results highlight the utmost importance of issues related to the selection, spreading, and transmission of multi-resistant strains from animals to humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}