Antibiotics-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Does Empirical Antibiotic Use Improve Outcomes in Ventilated Patients with Pandemic Viral Infection? A Multicentre Retrospective Study.","authors":"Elisabeth Papiol, Julen Berrueta, Juan Carlos Ruíz-Rodríguez, Ricard Ferrer, Sara Manrique, Laura Claverias, Alejandro García-Martínez, Pau Orts, Emili Díaz, Rafael Zaragoza, Marco Marotta, María Bodí, Sandra Trefler, Josep Gómez, Ignacio Martín-Loeches, Alejandro Rodríguez","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14060594","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14060594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> During the influenza A(H1N1) and COVID-19 pandemics, empirical antibiotic treatment (EAT) was widely administered to critically ill patients despite low rates of confirmed bacterial co-infection (COI). The clinical benefit of this practice remains uncertain and may contradict antimicrobial stewardship principles. <b>Objective:</b> To evaluate whether EAT at ICU admission reduces ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) incidence or ICU mortality in critically ill patients with pandemic viral pneumonia, stratified by presence of COI. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective analysis combined two national multicentre ICU registries in Spain, including 4197 adult patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for influenza A(H1N1) or COVID-19 between 2009 and 2021. Primary outcomes were ICU mortality and VAP incidence. Analyses were stratified by microbiologically confirmed bacterial COI. Propensity score matching, Cox regression, General Linear (GLM), and random forest models were applied. <b>Results:</b> Among patients without COI (n = 3543), EAT was not associated with lower ICU mortality (OR = 1.02, 95%CI 0.81-1.28, <i>p</i> = 0.87) or VAP (OR = 1.02, 95%CI 0.79-1.39, <i>p</i> = 0.89). In patients with confirmed COI (n = 654), appropriate EAT was associated with reduced VAP (17.4% vs. 36.3%, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and ICU mortality (38.4% vs. 49.6%, OR = 1.89, 95%CI 1.13-3.14, <i>p</i> = 0.03) compared to inappropriate EAT. <b>Conclusions:</b> EAT was not associated with a lower incidence of VAP or higher survival rates and could be harmful if administered incorrectly. These findings support a more targeted approach to antibiotic use, guided by microbiology, biomarkers and stewardship principles.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Assessment of Antibacterial Activity, Polyphenol Composition, Molecular Docking, and ADME Properties of Romanian Oak and Fir Honeydew Honeys.","authors":"Calin Hulea, Diana Obistioiu, Anca Hulea, Mukhtar Adeiza Suleiman, Doris Floares Oarga, Ersilia Alexa, Ilinca Merima Imbrea, Alina-Georgeta Neacșu, Marius Pentea, Cosmin Alin Popescu, Florin Imbrea","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14060592","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14060592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> This study evaluated the polyphenolic composition, antibacterial activity, molecular docking interactions, and pharmacokinetic properties of Romanian oak and fir honeydew honeys. <b>Methods:</b> Spectrophotometric methods quantified total phenolic, flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity, and individual polyphenols were identified via HPLC-MS. Antibacterial efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was evaluated by determining the bacterial inhibition percentage and minimum inhibitory concentrations. The bioactive compounds identified via LC-MS analysis were used to further delineate the possible antibacterial activities in silico. Molecular docking was carried out to predict the binding interactions and complex formation of the identified compounds against protein crystal structures of the bacteria used in this study. Additionally, the pharmacokinetic profile of compounds with high inhibitory potential was assessed via ADMET (absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, toxicity) predictors to ascertain their value. <b>Results:</b> Fir honeydew honey showed higher total phenolic (844.5 mg GAE/kg) and flavonoid contents (489.01 mg QUE/kg) compared to oak honeydew honey, correlating with more potent antioxidant activity (IC50 = 5.16 mg/mL). In vitro antimicrobial tests indicated a stronger inhibitory effect of fir honeydew honey, especially against Gram-positive strains like <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>S. pyogenes</i>, and <i>L. monocytogenes</i>, alongside certain Gram-negative strains such as <i>E. coli</i> and <i>H. influenzae</i>. Oak honeydew honey displayed selective antimicrobial action, particularly against <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and <i>S. typhimurium</i>. The docking outcomes showed rutin, rosmarinic acid, beta resorcylic acid, quercetin, ferulic acid, and p-coumaric acid have high inhibitory activities characterised by binding affinities and binding interactions against shiga toxin, riboflavin synthase, ATP-binding sugar transporter-like protein, undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase, putative lipoprotein, sortase A, and immunity protein, making them key contributors to the honey's antimicrobial activity. Moreover, beta-resorcylic acid, quercetin, ferulic acid, and p-coumaric acid revealed interesting ADMET scores that qualify honey to serve as a good antimicrobial agent. <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings support their potential use as natural antibacterial agents and emphasise the value of integrating chemical, biological, and computational approaches for multidisciplinary characterisations.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Oral Microbial Viability by 2,6-Dichlorophenolindophenol a Redox Agent.","authors":"Prem K Sreenivasan, Violet I Haraszthy","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14060590","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14060590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> This investigation evaluated 2,6-Dichlorophenolindophenol (DCIP), a redox dye, as a colorimetric reagent for rapid quantification of oral bacteria and examined the antimicrobial effects of oral hygiene formulations. <b>Methods/Results:</b> Viable microbial cells reduce DCIP, resulting in a loss of its blue color which can be measured spectrophotometrically. Strains of <i>Actinomyces viscosus</i>, <i>Veillonella atypica</i>, <i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i>, <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i> grown in the laboratory reduced DCIP. Significant correlations between increasing viable plate counts and DCIP reduction were noted for strains of oral organisms. Intact microbial cells reduced DCIP, with insignificant reductions observed by spent microbial media or bacteria free culture media. Organisms inactivated by either heat or cold demonstrated significantly lower DCIP reduction in comparison to metabolically intact organisms grown under optimal conditions. <b>Conclusions:</b> DCIP reduction provided a rapid and accurate method to evaluate antimicrobial effects of clinical proven mouthwashes formulated with cetylpyridinium chloride or chlorhexidine and toothpastes for a range of oral bacteria. Together, these results identify a rapid, low-cost method using common laboratory equipment to enumerate oral organisms with a visual outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an Effective and Cost-Saving Synergistic-Antibacterial Therapy for Prevention of Endophthalmitis.","authors":"Huy Dong, Phat Tran, Keaton Luth, Dana Thalman, Coby Ray, Pamela Lin, Staci Moss, Abdul Hamood, David McCartney, Ted W Reid","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14060588","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14060588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endophthalmitis, associated with intraocular procedures, is an infection of the eye that can rapidly result in substantial irreversible loss of vision and may even lead to removal of the eye. Prevention strategies vary globally and often include antibiotic use-often consisting of a broad-spectrum mono-therapeutic agent. The purpose of this study is to test the efficacy and value of combinations of cefuroxime (cefu), cefazolin (cefa), azithromycin (azith), and/or tobramycin (tob) as alternatives to the use of moxifloxacin. We looked for synergism since these antimicrobials used different mechanisms of inhibition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Initially, we examined individual antimicrobials to determine the minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of each individual treatment against <i>Klebsiella pneumonia</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, two clinical isolates of MRSA, and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, by both the Zone of Inhibition (ZOI) and the Colony Forming Unit (CFU) assays. We then used these data in a combinatorial study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found combinations that were synergistic against all the bacteria tested, resulting in total eradication [8 logs] of all bacteria. We found that the ZOI assay provided less consistent results than the CFU assays.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We have found combinations of these antimicrobials that were synergistic in the total eradication (8 logs) of all bacteria tested. These three combinations were: cefuroxime/azithromycin; azithromycin/tobramycin; and cefuroxime/tobramycin. Moxifloxacin (Vigamox) did not completely eradicate <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis.</i> These combinations can then be used as eye drops to serve as a prophylactic for endophthalmitis after eye injections and eye surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid Derivative Isolated from <i>Bacopa procumbens</i> and Its Antibacterial Activity.","authors":"Elizabeth Vargas-Anaya, Alejandro Zamilpa, Manasés González-Cortazar, Blanca Eda Domínguez-Mendoza, Ma Dolores Pérez-García, Minerva Rosas Morales, Ada María Ríos Cortés, Valentin López Gayou","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14060591","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14060591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Antimicrobial resistance represents a critical global health challenge that has been exacerbated by the significant decline in antibiotic development. Natural product-based drugs, particularly plant-derived phenolic compounds, offer promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics. This study aimed to isolate and characterize a novel phenolic compound from <i>Bacopa procumbens</i>, a Mexican perennial repent plant that is widespread in the Mexican valley and produces a variety of saponins, gastrodin derivatives, and phenolic acids, and to evaluate its antibacterial potential against clinically relevant pathogens. <b>Methods:</b> The hydroalcoholic extraction of <i>B. procumbens</i> was followed by liquid-liquid partitioning with ethyl acetate. The resulting fraction underwent chromatographic separation and purification. The structural elucidation of the isolated compound was performed using thin-layer chromatography (TLC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), mass spectrometry (MS-EI), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. Antimicrobial activity was assessed via a microdilution assay against five bacterial strains, including drug-resistant <i>Staphylococcus</i> species and Gram-negative pathogens. <b>Results:</b> A novel phenolic compound, 5-(p-hydroxybenzoyl) shikimic acid (5pHSA), was isolated and characterized. The compound demonstrated moderate antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus haemolyticus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 100 μg/mL) but showed limited efficacy against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, MRSA, and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (MIC > 100 μg/mL). Comparative analysis with the previously isolated compound ProcumGastrodin A revealed structure-activity relationships where the higher lipophilicity of PG-A was correlated with enhanced antimicrobial activity. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study establishes 5pHSA as a novel phenolic compound with moderate antibacterial properties. The findings highlight the importance of molecular polarity and structural complexity in determining antimicrobial efficacy, offering valuable insights into the development of phenolic, acid-based antimicrobial agents to address the growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12190013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance Patterns of <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> in PLHIV: A Cross-Sectional Study from the Republic of Cyprus, 2015-2023.","authors":"Michaela Takos, George Siakallis, Annalisa Quattrocchi, Maria Alexandrou, Panagiota Papadamou, Loukia Panagiotou, Danny Alon-Ellenbogen","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14060589","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14060589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The rise in antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) strains of <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> is internationally recognised as a critical public health concern, with limited treatment options available. The urgency of this issue prompted the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control to establish 'EURO-GASP' to monitor trends in resistance and address developments. Comprehensive data on AMR strains in people living with HIV (PLHIV) is limited, especially in Cyprus. <b>Objectives:</b> To analyse trends in rates of resistant <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> infections and identify any correlations between patient factors that may contribute to such in PLHIV in The Republic of Cyprus. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a retrospective chart review study on <i>N. gonorrhoea</i> resistance among PLHIV from the Gregorios HIV reference clinic in Larnaca, Cyprus, between 2015 and 2023. Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed via disc diffusion or gradient strip method on GC II agar against a non-homogenous panel of antibiotic preparations, based on standard laboratory practice variation. Demographic and clinical data, including antibiograms, treatments and test of cure, were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata v16, with significance set at <i>p</i> < 0.05. The study received approval from the Cyprus National Bioethics Committee. <b>Results:</b> A total of 45 isolates from 39 patients were analysed, with 62% of these demonstrating resistance to at least one antibiotic. Resistance rates were not shown to change over time. We identified a statistically significant linear association between a person having a history of an STI and the number of antibiotics which the isolate is resistant to (β = 1.2; <i>p</i>: 0.004). Notably, a single isolate demonstrated resistance to ceftriaxone, the first-line treatment currently recommended in both Europe and the United States. This finding is particularly alarming given the critical role of ceftriaxone in the management of gonorrhoea. <b>Conclusions:</b> Whilst there has been no increase in resistance rates over time, the detection of ceftriaxone-resistant <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> is a significant public health concern. Given that having a history of an STI makes a person more likely to develop a resistant infection, PLHIV or those who engage in risky sexual behaviours are particularly vulnerable. There is a pressing need to enhance surveillance and implement routine susceptibility testing in Cyprus, given the country's role as a major international hub for travel and migration. Molecular analysis can further improve our understanding. Additionally, the global public health community must urgently prioritise the development of novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of gonorrhoea.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Cooking Procedures on Coccidiostats in Poultry Muscle.","authors":"Rui R Martins, André M P T Pereira, Liliana J G Silva, Sofia C Duarte, Andreia Freitas, Angelina Pena","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14060586","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14060586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Poultry meat is a popular and nutritious food, valued for its high protein content and healthy fat profile. However, like other animal products, it can contain pharmaceutical residues, including coccidiostats, antimicrobials commonly used to prevent parasitic infections caused by Eimeria species. While most monitoring focuses on raw meat, it is important to understand how these compounds behave during cooking to assess potential health risks better and ensure food safety. <b>Methods:</b> This study examined how five different cooking methods (roasting, grilling, and microwaving, beer and wine marinating) affect the levels of eight coccidiostat residues in 45 samples of poultry muscle collected from a supermarket located in the center of mainland Portugal from May to July 2024. After applying different cooking procedures, ionophore and synthetic coccidiostat residue levels were measured using solid-liquid extraction followed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Results are expressed as percentages of the original concentrations: 100% indicates stability, values above 100% suggest a relative increase (often due to moisture loss), and values below 100% reflect a decrease, likely from heat degradation. <b>Results:</b> Roasting, grilling, and microwaving all increased residue concentrations-up to 198.5%, 180.1%, and 158.4%, respectively. In contrast, marinating meat in wine or beer before cooking reduced residues to 73.1% and 72.0%, suggesting a mitigating effect. The initial concentration also influenced the outcome: samples fortified at the maximum residue limit (MRL) had an overall higher mean concentration after cooking (148.3%,) than those fortified at twice the MRL (2 MRL), which averaged 124.5%. <b>Conclusions:</b> These results show that cooking can significantly alter coccidiostat residue levels depending on the cooking procedures and initial concentration. Ongoing monitoring and further research are essential to better understand how cooking affects these residues and their by-products. This knowledge is key to improving food safety practices and refining consumer health risk assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> in the Development of New β-Lactamase Inhibitors and Antibiotics.","authors":"Pierre Leroux, Charleric Bornet, Jean-Michel Bolla, Anita Cohen","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14060587","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14060587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nowadays, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health threat, with carbapenem-resistant <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> (CRE) posing particular concern due to limited treatment options. In fact, CRE have been classified as a critical priority by the World Health Organization (WHO). Carbapenem resistance results from complex mechanisms, often combining the production of hydrolytic enzymes such as β-lactamases with reduced membrane permeability and efflux system induction. The Ambler classification is an effective tool for differentiating the characteristics of serine-β-lactamases (SβLs) and metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs), including ESβLs (different from carbapenemases), KPC, NDM, VIM, IMP, AmpC (different from carbapenemases), and OXA-48. Recently approved inhibitor drugs, such as diazabicyclooctanones and boronic acid derivatives, only partially address this problem, not least because of their ineffectiveness against MβLs. However, compared with taniborbactam, xeruborbactam is the first bicyclic boronate in clinical development with a pan-β-lactamase inhibition spectrum, including the IMP subfamily. Recent studies explore strategies such as chemical optimization of β-lactamase inhibitor scaffolds, novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations, and siderophore-antibiotic conjugates to enhance bacterial uptake. A deeper understanding of the mechanistic properties of the active sites enables rational drug design principles to be established for inhibitors targeting both SβLs and MβLs. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current therapeutic strategies and future perspectives for the development of carbapenemase inhibitor drug candidates.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Unicompartmental vs. Total Knee Arthroplasty: Microbiological Spectrum and Management Outcomes.","authors":"Ali Said Nazlıgül, Şahan Güven, Yasin Erdoğan, Ahmet Fırat, Metin Doğan, Mustafa Akkaya","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14060585","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14060585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a severe complication following both total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). While the microbiological profile of TKA PJI has been well characterized, limited data exist regarding UKA PJIs. This study aimed to compare the causative microorganisms and surgical treatment outcomes in PJI cases following UKA and TKA. <b>Methods</b>: This retrospective cohort study included 82 patients (71 TKA and 11 UKA) who underwent surgical treatment for PJI between January 2017 and May 2024. PJI was diagnosed based on the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria. Treatment strategies included debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) or two-stage revision arthroplasty. Microbiological data were extracted from intraoperative cultures. Fisher's exact test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical comparisons. <b>Results</b>: Gram-positive organisms, primarily <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and coagulase-negative staphylococci, were isolated in all UKA PJIs. In contrast, the TKA group demonstrated greater microbial diversity, including Gram-negative bacilli, polymicrobial infections, and a higher rate of culture-negative cases (33.8% vs. 18.2%). DAIR was performed more frequently in UKA cases (72.7% vs. 28.2%, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Recurrence rates following DAIR were similar in both groups (12.5% in UKA, 20.0% in TKA, <i>p</i> = 1.000). Two-stage revision resulted in no recurrence in UKA and a 9.8% recurrence rate in TKA patients. <b>Conclusions</b>: UKA PJIs appear to be microbiologically less complex than TKA PJI cases, with Gram-positive organisms predominating. Despite these differences, the outcomes of surgical treatment-both DAIR and two-stage revision-were comparable between groups. Standard PJI treatment principles may be applicable to both arthroplasty types; however, larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Synthesis of Hybrid Compounds for Potential Treatment of Bacterial Co-Infections: In Vitro Antibacterial and In Silico Studies.","authors":"Vuyolwethu Khwaza, Opeoluwa O Oyedeji, Eric Morifi, Mutshinyalo Nwamadi, Thierry Youmbi Fonkui, Derek Tantoh Ndinteh, Blessing A Aderibigbe","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14060582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14060582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The need for innovative therapeutic strategies to enhance patient outcomes has increased due to the rise in bacterial co-infections associated with COVID-19. <b>Methods:</b> In this study, ten hybrid compounds were synthesized by combining two known pharmaceutical scaffolds to enhance antibacterial activity and overcome resistance mechanisms. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against five Gram-negative and seven Gram-positive bacterial strains. In silico pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness properties of selected active compounds (<b>12</b>-<b>16</b>, <b>19</b>, <b>21</b>, and <b>23</b>) were predicted using the SwissADME web tool. <b>Results:</b> Compounds <b>12-16</b>, <b>19</b>, <b>21</b>, and <b>23</b> demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, with compound <b>16</b> (a ciprofloxacin-containing hybrid) exhibiting the most potent effect, showing a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 7.8125 µg/mL against all tested bacterial strains. The in silico analysis revealed favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, drug-likeness, lipophilicity, and water solubility of most hybrid compounds. <b>Discussion:</b> The synthesized hybrid compounds exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity and desirable pharmacokinetic properties, particularly compound <b>16</b>. These findings suggest the potential of these molecules in combating bacterial pathogens, especially those implicated in co-infections in COVID-19 infections. <b>Conclusions:</b> The study presents promising hybrid antibacterial agents with potential application as adjunct therapies for treating COVID-19-associated bacterial co-infections. Further investigation is needed, which may lead to effective treatments for managing secondary bacterial infections in viral disease contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}