Pulmonology最新文献

{"title":"Global health inequalities in the burden of tuberculosis from 1990 to 2021: Findings from the global burden of disease study 2021.","authors":"Huaiming Zhang, Shihua Shen","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2026.2613995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25310429.2026.2613995","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"32 1","pages":"2613995"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145960813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary incontinence is common among people attending pulmonary rehabilitation, yet pulmonary rehabilitation has a small effect on urinary symptoms: A multicenter prospective cohort study.","authors":"Francis-Edouard Gravier, Yann Combret, Damien Parrot, Fanny Laporte, Léna Bocquet, Pauline Smondack, Jean-François Muir, Antoine Cuvelier, Fairuz Boujibar, Arnaud Nze Ossima, Clément Médrinal, Guillaume Prieur, Tristan Bonnevie","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2025.2610131","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25310429.2025.2610131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Urinary incontinence (UI) is common among individuals with chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) and may limit attendance, completion, and response to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). This study aims to assess what is the prevalence of UI among individuals attending PR, and how does PR affect UI and other clinical outcomes, and if UI is associated with PR completion and response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multicenter prospective cohort study was conducted. UI was assessed using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF) questionnaire before and after an 8-week program. Completion was defined as attending at least 70% of sessions. Response was defined as achieving minimum clinically important differences (MCIDs) in any clinical outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 341 individuals with CRDs 48% female, mean age of 63 (SD 10)), UI prevalence was 38% (95% CI 32 to 44) and remained unchanged following PR. PR led to a positive effect on urinary symptoms (ICIQ-UI-SF mean change -1.8, 95% CI -2.5 to -1.1), although the magnitude of change was below the established MCID of 4 points. PR also led to a positive improvement on the Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire total score (-4, 95% CI -7 to -2). The associations between UI and PR completion and response were imprecise due to wide confidence intervals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>UI is common among individuals attending PR, yet PR has a small effect on urinary symptoms. Despite this, individuals with UI may still achieve improvements from the program. Our findings suggest that UI should not delay PR initiation but should be screened and managed as part of the multidisciplinary care that defines PR.</p>","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"32 1","pages":"2610131"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145901609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on 'Prevalence, risk factors, and clinical implications of failed spirometry in adults: Results from NHANES 2007-2012'.","authors":"Etika Rana, Subhasish Chatterjee, Mousumi Saha","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2026.2619322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25310429.2026.2619322","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"32 1","pages":"2619322"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146013403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-dose theophylline in mild to moderate Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A randomized clinical trial in China.","authors":"Yumin Zhou, Cuiqiong Dai, Fan Wu, Jianwu Xu, Zhishan Deng, Li Lin, Jie Cao, Hong Huang, Yiran Wang, Jia Tian, Peiyu Huang, Heshen Tian, Jieqi Peng, Shan Xiao, Xiang Wen, Huajing Yang, Youlan Zheng, Zihui Wang, Ningning Zhao, Lifei Lu, Haiyan Zhao, Lingwei Wang, Qijian Cheng, Shan Cai, Zhiyi He, Yinghua Ying, Qiuyue Wang, Pixin Ran","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2026.2652159","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25310429.2026.2652159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low-dose theophylline has anti-inflammatory effects, but its efficacy in mild to moderate COPD remains controversial.</p><p><strong>Research question: </strong>Is low dose theophylline effective and safe in patients with mild to moderate COPD?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective, parallel-group, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial across ten centres in China, subjects with mild to moderate COPD were randomized 2:1 to oral low-dose theophylline sustained-release tablets (100 mg twice daily) or matching placebo for 12 months. Primary endpoints were between-group differences in pre-bronchodilator FEV₁ change from baseline to 12 months and annual exacerbation rate.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>734 subjects were randomized; 615 completed the study. Compared with placebo, low-dose theophylline significantly ameliorated FEV₁ before bronchodilator use by 30 ml [95% CI, 3 to 57 ml] (<i>p</i> = 0.031) at month 12, with a between-group difference in mean change from baseline of 28 ml/year [95% CI, -2 to 58 ml/year] (<i>p</i> = 0.063). The annual exacerbation rate did not differ between groups (0.46 ± 0.03 vs 0.43 ± 0.04 per patient-year; RR, 1.07 [95% CI, 0.84 to 1.36]; <i>p</i> = 0.607). In addition, the incidence of adverse events was comparable between both groups.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>In mild to moderate COPD, low-dose theophylline was well-tolerated but did not reduce exacerbation rates. A modest improvement in pre-bronchodilator FEV₁ was observed, though its magnitude was limited. Larger trials are needed to further evaluate its potential to improve lung function in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"32 1","pages":"2652159"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical features and longitudinal assessment in outcomes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with biomass smoke exposure history: A prospective study of the RealDTC cohort.","authors":"Ling Lin, Jing Li, Tao Li, Ping Zhang, Qing Song, Cong Liu, Shanshan Chen, Juan Chen, Yuqin Zeng, Yan Chen, Kai Deng, Ping Chen","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2026.2671536","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25310429.2026.2671536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore clinical characteristics and outcomes among patients with biomass smoke-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (BS-COPD), those with cigarette smoke-related COPD (CS-COPD), and those exposed to both (CS+BS-COPD). The outcomes of patients receiving different inhaled drugs was also explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a real-world, combined cross-sectional and prospective observational study conducted within the RealDTC cohort. The participants were divided into BS-COPD, CS-COPD, and CS+BS-COPD groups. Study outcomes included symptom improvement, moderate-to-severe exacerbations during 1-year follow-up, and all-cause mortality during the total follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 4436 eligible patients, compared with the CS-COPD group, the BS-COPD group had more females, higher CAT scores, fewer low attenuation areas (LAA%>5%), but more airway mucus plugs, higher WA%, and higher dPA/A. The CS+BS-COPD group had a higher proportion of LAA%>5% than BS-COPD group and more patients with mucus plugs than CS-COPD group. In the adjusted model, BS-COPD had a lower risk of moderate-to-severe exacerbations than CS-COPD, with similar mortality. The CS+BS-COPD group had a higher incidence of moderate-to-severe exacerbations than the other two groups. Moreover, BS-COPD group experienced greater symptom improvement than the others. Across all groups, LABA+LAMA or ICS+LABA+LAMA were associated with lower exacerbation risk than LAMA alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this real-world study, BS-COPD patients had less emphysema but greater airway wall thickness and more mucus plugs, along with lower exacerbation risk and greater symptom improvement than CS-COPD patients. Combined exposure to both biofuels and cigarette smoke was associated with an aggravated exacerbation risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"32 1","pages":"2671536"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benralizumab effectiveness in a real-world Portuguese severe eosinophilic asthma population: BETREAT study.","authors":"Cláudia Chaves Loureiro, Filipa Carriço, Ulisses Brito, Inês Belchior, Rosa-Anita Fernandes, Nuno Sousa, Ana Mendes, Carlos Loureiro, Cecília Pardal, Anna Sokolova, Liliana Ribeiro, Gustavo Reis, Nuno Pires, Gonçalo Portugal, José Luís Plácido, Rita Boaventura, Ricardo Lima, Marisa Pardal, Ana Marques, Filipa Bernardo","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2026.2702721","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25310429.2026.2702721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA) is often inadequately controlled. The BETREAT study evaluated the real-world effectiveness of benralizumab, an anti-IL-5 receptor monoclonal antibody, in Portugal, focusing on treatment persistence, asthma control, exacerbation rates, and quality of life (QoL).</p><p><strong>Study design and methods: </strong>Retrospective, observational study including SEA adults who received benralizumab between July 2019 and October 2020 across 16 sites in Portugal. Data from electronic medical records were analysed over 24 months, with evaluations at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment initiation. Key outcomes included exacerbation rates, oral corticosteroid use, asthma and lung function, and QoL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 74 patients (mean ± SD age 56 ± 11 years and 73.0% female), 66.2% were biologic-naïve. After initiating benralizumab, median eosinophil counts decreased to 0 cells/µL after 3 months. Exacerbation rates decreased from a mean annual rate of 3.12 at baseline to 0.48 by 24 months. Patient-reported asthma control and QoL improved, with ACT and CARAT scores reaching well-controlled levels in most patients by 24 months. Notably, 20.0% of patients achieved clinical remission by the end of the study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Benralizumab significantly improved SEA outcomes and contributed to clinical remission over a 24-month period, demonstrating potential for long-term disease control and QoL improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"32 1","pages":"2702721"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148474190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting propensity score matching interpretation in biomass smoke-related COPD.","authors":"Qing-Qing Shan","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2026.2678775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25310429.2026.2678775","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"32 1","pages":"2678775"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148018528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and economic burden of respiratory syncytial virus among adults hospitalised with acute respiratory infections in Portugal.","authors":"Maria João Fonseca, Rachel M Reeves, Triantafyllos Pliakas, Rita Lopes, Paula Simão, Filipe Froes, Liliana Silva, Ana Coelho, Neuza Teixeira, Raquel Castanheira, Foteini Gkalapi, Alen Marijam, Cristina Gavina","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2026.2671584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25310429.2026.2671584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of acute respiratory infection (ARI), but its burden in Portuguese adults remains under-investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-centre retrospective database cohort study examined RSV-ARI hospitalisations in adults aged ≥18 years over six consecutive seasons (2018/19 to 2023/24), a period which includes years impacted by COVID-19 disruptions. Outcomes included the prevalence of RT-PCR-confirmed RSV-ARI among tested ARI admissions, clinical features and adverse outcomes, healthcare resource use and direct costs; outcomes were also described for influenza-ARI to provide context. Analyses were descriptive without any comparison between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 7,125 ARI-hospitalisations 3,011 underwent RSV/influenza testing. The overall prevalence of RT-PCR-confirmed RSV-ARI and influenza-ARI in tested admissions was 8.1% and 20.3%, respectively. The study included 244 RSV-ARI and 612 influenza-ARI admissions, most ≥60 years old; 77.1% of RSV-ARI admissions and 61.4% of influenza-ARI admissions involved high-risk patients with comorbidities. Complications within 90 days were frequent, including acute cardiac events (RSV-ARI, 47.1%; influenza-ARI, 38.2%), respiratory failure (46.3% and 31.5%), pneumonia (34.0% and 22.4%) and acute renal disease (34.0% and 29.3%). All-cause in-hospital mortality was 19.7% for RSV-ARI (influenza-ARI, 12.8%). Mean length of stay for RSV-ARI was 8.5 days (interquartile range ([IQR], 9.7) with a mean cost of €4 757; for influenza-ARI, 7.4 days (IQR 8.9) and €3 537, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RSV represents an important cause of ARI-hospitalisation in older adults, especially in those with comorbidities, with a substantial clinical and economic burden, which was similar or higher than influenza (GSK study identifier: VEO-000773).</p>","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"32 1","pages":"2671584"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148018469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronotype and obstructive sleep apnea: A new layer of cardiometabolic phenotyping.","authors":"Miguel Meira E Cruz","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2026.2718024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25310429.2026.2718024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"32 1","pages":"2718024"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148801572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on 'Aerobic training versus behavioural intervention to increase physical activity on clinical control of people with moderate-to-severe asthma: A randomised clinical trial'.","authors":"Suman Pradhan","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2026.2692324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25310429.2026.2692324","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"32 1","pages":"2692324"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148273427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}