Pulmonology最新文献

{"title":"Application and internal validation of lung ultrasound score in COVID-19 setting: The ECOVITA observational study. Authors' reply.","authors":"L Rinaldi, F Perrotta","doi":"10.1016/j.pulmoe.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pulmoe.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":" ","pages":"2416781"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141604499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical features in patients with severe Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency due to rare genotypes.","authors":"Ilaria Ferrarotti, Davide Piloni, Asia Filosa, Stefania Ottaviani, Valentina Barzon, Alice Maria Balderacchi, Luciano Corda, Christine Seebacher, Sara Magni, Francesca Mariani, Paolo Baderna, Paola Confalonieri, Leonardo Iannacci, Silvia Mancinelli, Paola Putignano, Carlo Albera, Giulia Maria Stella, Maria Cristina Monti, Angelo Guido Corsico","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2024.2429911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25310429.2024.2429911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (AATD) is a co-dominant condition associated with an increased risk of lung and liver disease. Since it is commonly thought that 95% of severe cases of AATD have PI*ZZ genotype, most studies about AATD have been focused on the Z variant. Nevertheless, over 500 single nucleotide variations in the <i>SERPINA1</i> gene have been identified. We investigated the clinical presentation of subjects with severe AAT deficiency due to rare genotypes of the <i>SERPINA1</i> gene. We enrolled patients from the Italian Registry for AATD (RIDA1) with the following inclusion criteria: diagnosis of severe AATD; age >18 years; full clinical data available at diagnosis; three years of follow-up respiratory function data. A total of 281 patients were enrolled from the RIDA1 Registry and subdivided into 3 cohorts: PI*ZZ genotype (n = 160), PI*SZ genotype (n = 54), and rare genotypes PI*R (n = 67). We did not observe any statistical differences among the cohorts regarding sex, smoking habits, occupational exposure and age at diagnosis. Patients with severe AATD due to rare genotypes have clinical characteristics and respiratory profiles similar to PI*ZZ subjects, and differed from the PI*SZ patient group. Early and accurate diagnosis of PI*R subjects is therefore important for their appropriate clinical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"31 1","pages":"2429911"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benign ectopic intrapulmonary thyroid: Further proof of its existence.","authors":"Jeffy Mathew, Nao Hara, Liying Han, Samuel J McCabe, Oleg Epelbaum","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2024.2435092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25310429.2024.2435092","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"31 1","pages":"2435092"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of asthma in Portuguese adults - the EPI-ASTHMA study, a nationwide population-based survey.","authors":"Dinis Brito, Cristina Jácome, Cláudia Bulhões, Maria João Barbosa, Nuno Pina, Ana Alves da Silva, Catarina João, Diana Gomes, Filipa Lopes, Janete Quelhas-Santos, Liliana Amorim, Marina Rodrigues, Marisa Pardal, Pedro M Teixeira, Tiago Jacinto, Ana Margarida Cruz, Ana Margarida Pereira, Ana Marques, Bernardo Sousa-Pinto, Cláudia Vicente, Elisete Ferreira, Luís Alves, Maria Inês Fernandes, Rafael Vieira, Rita Amaral, Rita Sousa, Rui Costa, Teresa Castanho, Filipa Bernardo, Jaime Correia-de-Sousa, João A Fonseca","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2025.2466920","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25310429.2025.2466920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In 2010, 6.8% of the Portuguese adults had asthma. Contemporary studies employing more accurate methods are needed. We aimed to assess asthma prevalence in Portugal and to identify associated-factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A population-based nationwide study was conducted from May 2021 to March 2024. A multistage random sampling approach was applied to select adults from primary care. Stage 1 involved a telephone screening interview to collect socio-demographic and clinical data. Patients with an Adult Asthma Score (A2 Score) ≥1 were eligible for Stage 2, and 5% of those with an A2 Score = 0 were also invited to participate in Stage 2, which consisted of a diagnostic visit with a physical examination and diagnostic tests. We computed weighted asthma prevalence estimates and multivariable logistic regression models were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 7,556 participants completed Stage 1 and 1,857 Stage 2. The prevalence of asthma was 7.1% (95%CI = 6.3-8.0%), with slight differences by sex, age, and region. Education, family history of asthma, inhaler prescription, nasal/ocular symptoms, food allergies, and previous allergy skin tests were associated with an increased risk of asthma (R² = 33%). Asthma diagnosis could also be predicted by the A2 score, either on its own (R² = 43%) or in combination with family history and previous allergy skin tests (R² = 45%).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Asthma affects 7.1% of Portuguese adults. Family history of asthma, nasal/ocular symptoms, and comorbid food allergy are associated with increased risk of asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"31 1","pages":"2466920"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changed profiles of SARS-CoV-2 specific memory T cells in asthmatics with different blood eosinophil counts.","authors":"Fengming Zhao, Yiting Luo, Bizhou Li, Dengxia Denise Fan, Ziyuan Xiang, Jing Li, Nanshan Zhong, Ruchong Chen","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2024.2424642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25310429.2024.2424642","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"31 1","pages":"2424642"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Countering antimicrobial resistance.","authors":"B Adhikari, P Parajuli, S Lippmann","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2024.2411807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25310429.2024.2411807","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"31 1","pages":"2411807"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of treating obesity hypoventilation syndrome on body mass index.","authors":"R G S Andrade, J F Masa, J-C Borel, L F Drager, P R Genta, B Mokhlesi, G Lorenzi-Filho","doi":"10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>To evaluate the impact of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy on body mass index (BMI) in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: A systematic review using the following terms: \"obesity hypoventilation syndrome\" AND \"treatment\" AND \"randomized\" using Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline and Web of Science was performed from the first data available until February 10, 2023. The inclusion criteria were: (1) original article; (2) adult OHS with concomitant OSA (apnea-hypopnea index or AHI ≥5 events/h); (3) randomized trial with PAP arm and standard care (control); (4) BMI evaluation at baseline and after the first months. We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our initial search retrieved 32 articles and 3 randomized studies fulfilled study criteria and were included in the final analysis, leading to a total of 342 participants. Patients were predominantly females (62%) and had OHS associated with at least mild OSA. As compared to baseline, a decrease in BMI was observed at study endpoint but this difference was not different intergroups (-0.50 ± 1.49 and -0.50 ±1.83, in control and PAP groups respectively (p=0.939)). Weight change was not associate with PAP adherence, OSA severity or use of supplemental oxygen.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In contrast to treatment of eucapnic OSA with PAP that is associated with weight gain, treatment of OSA+OHS patients with or without PAP is associated with weight loss. Future studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanism by which weight loss occurs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":" ","pages":"2416816"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138300594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking exposure trajectories and pulmonary function in early adulthood in a Brazilian cohort.","authors":"P Weber, A M B Menezes, H Gonçalves, P D de Oliveira, A Wendt, R Perez-Padilla, F C Wehrmeister","doi":"10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate smoking trajectories and their association with pulmonary function (PF) and respiratory symptoms at age 22.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from a population-based cohort study of 3350 individuals and their spirometries were analysed. The outcomes were: forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV₁), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow at the mid expiratory phase (FEF_25-75 %), FEV₁/FVC and FEF_25-75/FVC ratio. Smoking data were collected at perinatal follow-up (gestational exposure) and 15, 18 and 22 years. Group-based trajectory model was applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four groups were identified: no exposure (NE), gestational (GE), gestational and adulthood (GAE) and continuous (CE) exposure. Both CE and GAE trajectories were associated with lower values of FEV₁/FVC (-1.77pp; <i>p</i> = 0.01 and -1.58 pp; <i>p</i><0.001 respectively) and FEF_25-75/FVC ratio (-7.27pp; <i>p</i> = 0.019 and -6.04pp; <i>p</i><0.001 respectively) compared to the NE trajectory. Lower FEV₁ and FEF_25-75 % values were also related to the GAE trajectory (-68 ml; <i>p</i> = 0.03 and -253 ml/s_; <i>p</i><0.001 respectively). Compared to those who never smoked, individuals who smoked 10 or more cigarettes daily presented a reduction in the FEV₁/FVC ratio by 1.37pp (<i>p</i><0.001), FEF_25-75 % by 126 ml (<i>p</i> = 0.012) and FEF_25-75 %/FVC ratio by 3.62pp (<i>p</i> = 0.011). CE trajectory showed higher odds of wheezing (OR 4.14; <i>p</i><0.001) and cough (OR 2.39; <i>p</i> = 0.002) compared to the non-exposed group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The in-uterus exposure to maternal smoking reduces PF later in life. However, the perpetuation of smoking behaviour throughout adolescence and early adulthood is determinant for PF main reduction and the emergence of respiratory-related symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":" ","pages":"2416818"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71415277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy for patients with metastatic non-squamous NSCLC: Real-world evidence.","authors":"Irina Surovtsova, Felix J F Herth, Daria B Kokh, Philipp Morakis","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2025.2457856","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25310429.2025.2457856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pembrolizumab with chemotherapy (immunochemotherapy) has shown encouraging overall survival (OS) benefits in non-squamous mNSCLC, as demonstrated by the KEYNOTE-189 trial. However, randomised controlled trials may not fully capture the diversity of real-world patients. This study aims to evaluate immunochemotherapy outcomes in a real-world setting, including subgroups underrepresented in the KEYNOTE-189 trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients diagnosed with non-squamous mNSCLC 2011-2022 and recorded in Cancer Registry Database of the German Federal State Baden-Württemberg (BWCR), were analysed. OS was assessed using Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox models, adjusted for major clinical parameters. Results were compared with KEYNOTE-189.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2630 eligible cases, 1314 patients received chemotherapy alone and 1316 received immunochemotherapy. Median OS (mOS) was 14.1 months (95%CI: 13.1-15.4) for immunochemotherapy and 10.4 months (95%CI: 9.7-11.2) for chemotherapy alone, with an HR of 0.7 (95%CI: 0.64-0.77). A significant benefit was seen in M1c stage (HR 0.7, 95%CI: 0.63-0.79). No significant OS improvement was observed in patients with ECOG 2-3 or bone metastases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This real-world evidence suggests that immunochemotherapy generally improves OS in mNSCLC. Subgroup analysis showed no survival benefit for patients with ECOG >1 or bone metastasis, but a benefit for patients with M1c stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"31 1","pages":"2457856"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endotoxin exposure associated with respiratory health among European schoolchildren: The SINPHONIE study.","authors":"Ramen Munir Baloch, Donát Magyar, Peter Rudnai, Tamás Pándics, Zsuzsanna Remény-Nagy, Hanns Moshammer, Hanna Leppänen, Anne Hyvärinen, Martin Täubel, Dan Norbäck, Marta Gabriel, Sara Maio, Sandra Baldacci, Giuseppe Sarno, Giovanni Viegi, Eva Csobod, Eduardo de Oliveira Fernandes, Isabella Annesi-Maesano","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2025.2511417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25310429.2025.2511417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence on the association between endotoxin exposure and respiratory health in children remains inconsistent, with limited research addressing school environments-key settings for daily exposure. This study investigates the relationship between classroom endotoxin levels and respiratory health among European schoolchildren.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Within the EU-funded SINPHONIE project, endotoxin concentrations were measured in 285 classrooms across 102 schools in 22 European countries. A total of 5,140 children completed a standardized health questionnaire; 4,633 had endotoxin data, 4,170 performed spirometry, and 746 underwent fractioned exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) testing.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Endotoxin levels varied geographically, with the highest averages in Italy and the lowest in Finland. After adjusting for confounders, exposure to endotoxin levels at or above the median was associated with higher odds of upper and lower respiratory symptoms-runny nose, nasal obstruction, cough, dry throat, breathing difficulty, and feverishness-as well as reduced lung function (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Meta-analysis by WHO European clusters confirmed these associations, though region-specific analyses indicated a possible protective effect of endotoxin exposure in Northern Europe.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Findings from SINPHONIE highlight classroom endotoxin as a potential environmental determinant of respiratory health. Reducing exposure in schools-currently an overlooked setting-may support respiratory well-being in children and inform future public health policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"31 1","pages":"2511417"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}