Trauma Violence & AbusePub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2023-11-08DOI: 10.1177/15248380231206113
Bernadine Y Waller, Seung Ju Lee, Naomi C Legros, Bernadette K Ombayo, Jennifer J Mootz, M Claire Green, Sidney H Hankerson, Shameika N Williams, Janet E Williams, Milton L Wainberg
{"title":"Interventions Targeting Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in United States Black Women Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Bernadine Y Waller, Seung Ju Lee, Naomi C Legros, Bernadette K Ombayo, Jennifer J Mootz, M Claire Green, Sidney H Hankerson, Shameika N Williams, Janet E Williams, Milton L Wainberg","doi":"10.1177/15248380231206113","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248380231206113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a dearth of evidence indicating the effectiveness of psychological interventions targeting depression and/or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for Black women in the United States (US) exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV). We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EBSCOhost, Social Sciences, Social Sciences Full Text, Social Work Abstracts, and Cochrane databases between September 2021 and October 2022, for original studies of randomized control trials (RCTs) reporting depression and/or PTSD interventions delivered to US Black women with histories of IPV. Of the 1,276 articles, 46 were eligible and 8 RCTs were ultimately included in the review; interventions for depression (four interventions, <i>n</i> = 1,518) and PTSD (four interventions, <i>n</i> = 477). Among Depression and PTSD interventions (one intervention, <i>n</i> = 208), Beck's Depression Inventory II indicated <i>M</i> = 35.2, <i>SD</i> = 12.6 versus <i>M</i> = 29.5, <i>SD</i> = 13.1, <.01, and Davidson Trauma Scale indicated <i>M</i> = 79.4, <i>SD</i> = 31.5 versus <i>M</i> = 72.1, <i>SD</i> = 33.5, <.01, at pre- and post-intervention respectively. Also, some interventions reported severity of depression <i>M</i> = 13.9 (<i>SD</i> = 5.4) versus <i>M</i> = 7.9 (<i>SD</i> = 5.7) < 0.01, and PTSD (<i>M</i> = 8.08 vs. <i>M</i> = 14.13, <i>F</i>(1,117) = 9.93, <i>p</i> < .01) at pre- and post-intervention respectively. Publication bias was moderate and varied between 12 and 17 via the Downs and Black Checklist for Methodological Rigor for RCTs. Psychological interventions targeting depression and/or PTSD for Black women with histories of IPV reflect moderate improvement. Interventions that account for cultural nuances specific to Black women are fundamental for improving outcomes for survivors presenting with depression and/or PTSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"2078-2089"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11076413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71488892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trauma Violence & AbusePub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2023-09-13DOI: 10.1177/15248380231196108
Madeline R Smyth, Sebastian Teicher, David J Wilde
{"title":"How Does Denial, Minimization, Justifying, and Blaming Operate in Intimate Partner Abuse Committed by Men: A Systematic Review of the Literature.","authors":"Madeline R Smyth, Sebastian Teicher, David J Wilde","doi":"10.1177/15248380231196108","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248380231196108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intimate partner abuse (IPA) is widespread, and denial, minimization, justifying, and blaming (DMJB) are common among people who have committed IPA. Views on the function of DMJB in IPA are mixed, often based on the theoretical standpoint of the authors. This systematic review brings together the knowledge of how distorted accounts operate in IPA committed by men. A systematic review of primary research related to DMJB in heterosexual men who have committed to IPA was conducted. In all, 31 papers were found to meet the inclusion criteria (adult, male-to-female abuse, in western culture, peer reviewed and published in English) and were quality appraised. Data were extracted and analyzed using narrative synthesis. The findings indicate the way DMJB operates in this group is complex. It can represent facilitators of abusive behavior, a way to protect the individual's identity and self-esteem, and a tool men use instrumentally to achieve goals. Themes were present within and between studies highlighting the complex function of DMJB. A model representing the hypothesized intertwined function of DMJB for IPA is proposed. The limitations of the review are discussed and implications and recommendations for policy, practice, and future research are proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1853-1870"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10572623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trauma Violence & AbusePub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2023-09-30DOI: 10.1177/15248380231200464
Adebisi A Akinyemi, Adrianna Jones, Josiah A Sweeting, E Alison Holman
{"title":"Parental Preconception Adversity and Offspring Mental Health in African Americans and Native Americans in the United States: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Adebisi A Akinyemi, Adrianna Jones, Josiah A Sweeting, E Alison Holman","doi":"10.1177/15248380231200464","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248380231200464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review examines the impact of parental preconception adversity on offspring mental health among African Americans (AAs) and Native Americans (NAs), two populations that have experienced historical trauma and currently experience ethnic/racial mental health disparities in the United States. PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for studies that included at least two generations of AAs or NAs from the same family, measured parental preconception adversity and their offspring's mental health, and examined the association between these variables. Over 3,200 articles were screened, and 18 articles representing 13 unique studies were included in this review. Among the studies with samples that included AAs (<i>n</i> = 12, 92%), 10 (83%) reported a significant association between parental preconception adversity and adverse offspring mental health. The only study with a sample of NAs (<i>n</i> = 1, 8%) also reported a significant association between these variables. Although the literature suggests that parental preconception adversity is associated with offspring mental health among AAs and NAs, it must be interpreted in the context of the small number of studies on this topic and the less-than-ideal samples utilized-just one study included a sample of NAs and several studies (<i>n</i> = 6, 46%) used multi-ethnic/racial samples without testing for ethnic/racial disparities in their results. A more rigorous body of literature on this topic is needed as it may help explain an important factor underlying ethnic/racial mental health disparities, with important implications for interventions and policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1911-1924"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11155212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41155378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trauma Violence & AbusePub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1177/15248380231194069
Noga Tsur, Ada Talmon, Nofar Shemesh
{"title":"Peritraumatic Pain in Child Maltreatment: A Systematic Literature Review.","authors":"Noga Tsur, Ada Talmon, Nofar Shemesh","doi":"10.1177/15248380231194069","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248380231194069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extensive research has been conducted on the link between trauma, child maltreatment (CM), and chronic pain. Although the risk of suffering from chronic pain among CM survivors has been established, much less is known about the experience of pain during CM incidents or whether such peritraumatic pain sensations are associated with later chronic pain. This scoping review was conducted to synthesize the existing literature on pain during and a short time following CM (i.e., peritraumatic pain). Utilizing the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines, the current review included 11 manuscripts, which met the following criteria: (a) refer to physical pain experienced during or a short time after CM, (b) were published in peer-reviewed journals, and (c) were written in English. The review demonstrated that most of the included studies were not intentionally focused on peritraumatic pain, the majority used qualitative research methods, and all were cross-sectional. Furthermore, although validated questionnaires are available, most of the studies did not utilize such measures. Those that intentionally reported pain demonstrated its high intensity and prevalence in CM incidents, indicating that pain is inherently embedded in the experience of maltreatment. The findings spotlight an underdeveloped research realm on a phenomenon that may hold significant empirical, clinical, and legal implications. Research endeavors should initiate interdisciplinary bodies of knowledge to establish well-validated research methodologies that properly quantify peritraumatic pain in trauma and CM.</p>","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1725-1736"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11155214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10129964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trauma Violence & AbusePub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2023-09-20DOI: 10.1177/15248380231198876
Kimberley T Jackson, Cheryl Marshall, Julia Yates
{"title":"Health-Related Maternal Decision-Making Among Perinatal Women in the Context of Intimate Partner Violence: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Kimberley T Jackson, Cheryl Marshall, Julia Yates","doi":"10.1177/15248380231198876","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248380231198876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, it is estimated that 245 million women and girls aged 15 and over have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) in the past 12 months. Moreover, research has highlighted the disproportionately high prevalence of IPV victimization among pregnant women. IPV can have serious health implications for women and their infants, yet little is known about maternal health-related decision-making by mothers exposed to IPV. To this end, the purpose of this scoping review was to examine what is known regarding health-related maternal decision-making among perinatal women in the context of IPV. Using Arksey and O'Malley's framework, five electronic databases were searched, resulting in 630 articles. Eligible articles were primary studies written in English, included participants who experienced IPV at any time in their life, and reported results focused on maternal health-related decision-making in the context of IPV. Thirty-six articles were screened by the review team, resulting in seven included articles. Three main themes emerged regarding health-related maternal decision-making by mothers experiencing IPV, including suboptimal breastfeeding practices, under-utilization of maternal and child health services, and poor adherence to medical recommendations/regimens that impact health-related outcomes for mother and child. The well-established risk of poorer health outcomes among women experiencing IPV, alongside the findings of this scoping review, calls for further research specifically addressing health-related decision-making among perinatal women who experience IPV.</p>","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1899-1910"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11155210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41106435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trauma Violence & AbusePub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1177/15248380231201811
Elisa Rachel Pisani Altafim, Cátia Magalhães, Maria Beatriz Martins Linhares
{"title":"Prevention of Child Maltreatment: Integrative Review of Findings From an Evidence-Based Parenting Program.","authors":"Elisa Rachel Pisani Altafim, Cátia Magalhães, Maria Beatriz Martins Linhares","doi":"10.1177/15248380231201811","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248380231201811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This integrative review of the ACT Raising Safe Kids (ACT)-child maltreatment prevention program for parents-focuses on the program's theoretical framework, examines the ACT studies about the effects on caregivers, and discusses the ACT's implications for the practice and public policy. A systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Lilacs databases was performed, along with a search on the ACT Program website and contacting program researchers. Twenty-five studies evaluating the ACT Program were reviewed. The evaluation studies were conducted in the United States, Brazil, Portugal, and Peru. The program improved parenting practices in general and targeted populations such as incarcerated parents, mothers with a history of childhood violence, and mothers of preterm children. Additionally, the program was effective in decreasing child behavioral problems. Overall, the ACT Program effectively decreased hostile, aggressive, and coercive parenting and child behavior problems, which are key predictors of family violence.</p>","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1938-1953"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41172746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Systematic Review of the Quality of Perpetrator Programs' Outcome Studies: Toward A New Model of Outcome Measurement.","authors":"Berta Vall, Xavier López-I-Martín, Jaume Grané Morcillo, Marianne Hester","doi":"10.1177/15248380231203718","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248380231203718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review assessed whether studies on the outcomes of perpetrator programs comply with the model recommendations for outcome evaluation. Three databases (PsycINFO, Medline, and Scopus) were used to identify perpetrator program outcome studies from 1988 to 2021. The inclusion criteria were as follows: empirical studies with no time restriction; published in English or Spanish; evaluated interventions aimed at male perpetrators of any type of abuse toward women; evaluated the effectiveness of the intervention in a follow-up post-intervention; and provided an indicator of recidivism. The search and selection process resulted in 46 original studies. The results showed that studies did not include a thorough description of the study sample. Many approaches to psychological intervention are used, with cognitive behavioral therapy being the most widely used. Most studies did not describe the program content. Dropout rates varied greatly from one study to another (from 0% to 64%) and only eight studies provided dropout rates specified by each type of perpetrator. The follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 9 years. The recidivism rates (ranging from 5% to 72.5%), and their assessments were also very different. Only 12 of the 46 studies (26.1%) used more than one source to obtain recidivism rates. In terms of outcomes, few studies considered (ex-) partner accounts. Some studies had other measures of outcome, whereas a few included a pretest-posttest. In summary, these studies do not follow the recommendations of the model.</p>","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1985-1997"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71429094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trauma Violence & AbusePub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2023-08-23DOI: 10.1177/15248380231194055
Danielle T Walker, Kaycee L Bills, Robert O Motley
{"title":"Physical and Mental Health Outcomes of Black Emerging Adults with Community Violence Exposure: An Integrative Review.","authors":"Danielle T Walker, Kaycee L Bills, Robert O Motley","doi":"10.1177/15248380231194055","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248380231194055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Community violence exposure (CVE) and its health impact is a public health crisis. Violent crime has steadily increased over recent years and has disproportionately affected Black communities. Emerging adulthood (18-29 years old) is a vulnerable period of development and Black emerging adults may be at increased risk for negative physical and mental health consequences from CVE. This integrative review was conducted to evaluate available evidence on health outcomes in Black emerging adults exposed to CVE. This review appraised published studies (2012-2022) addressing physical and mental health outcomes of Black emerging adults with CVE. Articles were identified using structured search terms in several databases (CINAHL, PubMed, PsycInfo, and Web of Science), a gray literature search, and citation mining. A total of 177 studies were identified for screening and 19 studies met inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The majority of studies found a significant positive association between CVE and adverse mental (<i>n</i> = 12) and physical (<i>n</i> = 7) health outcomes. CVE appears to have both mental and physical health consequences for Black emerging adults. Given that violent crime disproportionately increased in Black communities and Black people are more likely to develop chronic health conditions at younger ages, more work is needed to elucidate the relationship between CVE and health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1769-1779"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10054257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trauma Violence & AbusePub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2023-10-28DOI: 10.1177/15248380231205825
Aída M Villagrán, Faraj A Santirso, Marisol Lila, Enrique Gracia
{"title":"Attitudes Toward Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Latin America: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Aída M Villagrán, Faraj A Santirso, Marisol Lila, Enrique Gracia","doi":"10.1177/15248380231205825","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248380231205825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attitudes toward intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) are being increasingly recognized as a central issue for comprehensively understanding this complex phenomenon. While IPVAW remains widespread in Latin America, knowledge about it and research on attitudes toward IPVAW are limited. This systematic review synthesized quantitative peer-reviewed studies that address attitudes toward IPVAW in Latin America. The review was conducted between April 2020 and July 2022 in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations using the Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases. In total, 52 of the 149 eligible articles were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Four sets of attitudes toward IPVAW were identified: legitimacy, acceptability, attitudes toward the intervention, and perceived severity. Attitude correlates were the most common research topic in more than half of the studies but were generally focused on a single country. Among the few multi-country studies, the sample of Latin American countries was small. The remaining studies were divided into three research themes: attitude as a predictor, interventions for attitude change, and scale validation. Our study aims to motivate future research on the identified knowledge gaps and may be useful for the implementation of appropriate prevention policies and intervention programs to counter IPVAW on a regional scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"2065-2077"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66784601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trauma Violence & AbusePub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2023-10-30DOI: 10.1177/15248380231204886
Keren Gueta, Carmit Klar-Chalamish, Sarah E Ullman
{"title":"The Process of Online Disclosures of Interpersonal Victimization: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Keren Gueta, Carmit Klar-Chalamish, Sarah E Ullman","doi":"10.1177/15248380231204886","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15248380231204886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Theory and research on disclosure of interpersonal victimization, including intimate partner violence, sexual assault, and child abuse, has produced rich scholarship promoting a greater understanding of the challenges and implications of disclosure for survivors. However, in the last decade, social media platforms have opened new online disclosure opportunities that diverge from and overlap with offline disclosure. This highlights the need for adaptation and elaboration of theorizing in this growing area of study. Thus, the study aimed to systematically review the studies published in scientific literature. The following databases were accessed Criminal Justice Abstracts, Medline PsychInfo, Social Work Abstracts, Sociological Abstracts, Web of Science database, and Google Scholar. Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria of peer-reviewed status and focused on the disclosure process. A thematic analysis revealed that online disclosure of interpersonal victimization is a multi-phase (decision-making and disclosure aftermath) and multifactorial (individual, interpersonal, social, and technological) experience for survivors. Specifically, survivors' motivation was related to therapeutic goals, social support, and a desire to advocate for social change. Survivors faced numerous facilitators (e.g., inspiration from other online disclosures) and barriers (e.g., fear of triggering other survivors) to disclosure. The impact of online disclosure was divided into benefits (e.g., empowerment) and risks (e.g., undermining survivors' security). The conceptual and empirical limitations of the current research are discussed, including a need for quantitative methods with larger samples and longitudinal designs to better understand how survivors can best benefit from processes of online disclosure, while avoiding harm or re-traumatization.</p>","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"2028-2045"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11155226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71415272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}