Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-05-27DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00198
Chao Liu,Xiangyang Li,Xingxing Li,Jinlong Yang
{"title":"Realizing Abundant Two-Dimensional Altermagnets with Anisotropic Spin Current Via Spatial Inversion Symmetry Breaking.","authors":"Chao Liu,Xiangyang Li,Xingxing Li,Jinlong Yang","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00198","url":null,"abstract":"Altermagnets exhibit nonrelativistic spin splitting with net-zero magnetic moments, making them advantageous for spintronic devices with miniaturized size and high integration. Developing general methods to design altermagnets, particularly in a low dimension, is highly desirable. Here, we propose that breaking the spatial inversion symmetry of crystals can produce altermagnetism in antiferromagnetic monolayers. By applying Janus structurization to two-dimensional (2D) FeSe-type monolayers, 41 polar altermagnets were successfully identified through first-principles calculations, confirming the feasibility of our proposed approach. Furthermore, via systematic screening, we obtained 29 altermagnets with significant spin splitting (>0.5 eV) and high Néel temperatures (above liquid nitrogen temperature). Moreover, using 2D Mn2PSe as an example, we revealed the mechanism of how polarity drives the transformation of antiferromagnets into altermagnets and demonstrated its anisotropic spin current generation and notable spin Hall effect. This work paves a way for realizing high-performance and multifunctional nanoaltermagnets.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-05-27DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02034
Boqian Yi, Zhixuan Wei, Yangyang Xia, Shiyu Yao, Heng Jiang, Ge Sun, Nan Chen, Yi Zeng, Fei Du
{"title":"Construction of Cation-Conducting and Anion-Capture Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Highly Stable Sodium Metal Batteries","authors":"Boqian Yi, Zhixuan Wei, Yangyang Xia, Shiyu Yao, Heng Jiang, Ge Sun, Nan Chen, Yi Zeng, Fei Du","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02034","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium metal batteries are promising for grid-scale storage but suffer from dendrite growth due to anion-induced cation mobility limitations. To address this, we designed an artificial solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) by grafting a fast Na<sup>+</sup> ion conductor, Na<sub>5</sub>GdSi<sub>4</sub>O<sub>12</sub>, with oxygen vacancies (NGSO-Vo), onto a glass fiber (GF) separator. This unique structure combines fast Na<sup>+</sup> conduction (8.55 mS cm<sup>–1</sup>) with anion immobilization, achieving a high Na<sup>+</sup> transference number (0.9) in a conventional NaClO<sub>4</sub>/PC electrolyte. The NGSO-Vo-modified GF exhibits exceptional mechanical stability, effectively suppressing dendrite growth. As a result, Na||Na symmetric cells achieve an ultrahigh current density (30 mA cm<sup>–2</sup>) and long-term cycling (1500 h at 20 mA cm<sup>–2</sup>). Moreover, Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub>||Na pouch cells with high mass loading (24 mg cm<sup>–2</sup>) demonstrate a record stability (4000 h). This work presents a simple yet universal strategy to enhance Na-metal battery durability, paving the way for practical energy storage applications.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-05-26DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02063
Zhe Liu,Yao Xu,Yuyan Qian,Yu Fan,Zhen Fan,Jianzhong Du,Yong Hu
{"title":"Circularization of Aptamer Nanomedicine Improves Nuclease Resistance, Targeted Recognition, and Transdermal Effect for Topical Psoriasis Therapy.","authors":"Zhe Liu,Yao Xu,Yuyan Qian,Yu Fan,Zhen Fan,Jianzhong Du,Yong Hu","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02063","url":null,"abstract":"Inhibiting excessive hyperproliferation and inflammatory responses of keratinocytes are two primary tasks against psoriasis, which, however, have not been well integrated by the current available nanomedicines. Herein, we develop a nucleic acid nanomedicine through coassembly of circular aptamers and gold nanoclusters via electrostatic interactions for psoriasis therapy. After topical application, this nanomedicine bearing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) aptamers crosses the stratum corneum and enters the deep layers of psoriatic site, from which it specifically inhibits VEGF-mediated keratinocyte proliferation and TNF-α-mediated inflammatory responses simultaneously. More importantly, the circular aptamers further promote the nuclease resistance, targeted recognition, and transdermal effect of the nanomedicine, as compared to their linear counterparts. These improved synergistic actions effectively prevent and cure psoriasis of mice induced by imiquimod. It is anticipated that this study provides a general strategy for targeted regulation of intricate pathological microenvironments beyond psoriasis.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-05-26DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02454
Liya Bi, Zhe Wang, Krista P. Balto, Andrea R. Tao, Tod A. Pascal, Yanning Zhang, Joshua S. Figueroa, Shaowei Li
{"title":"Single-Molecule Vibrational Characterization of Binding Geometry Effects on Isocyanide–Metal Interactions","authors":"Liya Bi, Zhe Wang, Krista P. Balto, Andrea R. Tao, Tod A. Pascal, Yanning Zhang, Joshua S. Figueroa, Shaowei Li","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02454","url":null,"abstract":"Isocyanide–metal binding is governed by σ-donation and π-back-bonding, which affects the isocyanide stretching energy, a characteristic probe for ligand–metal interactions. While extensive correlations exist between structure and spectroscopy in molecular isocyanide–metal systems, interactions of isocyanide with crystalline metallic surfaces, where ligands often bind in various geometries, remain underexplored. Conventional vibrational spectroscopies such as infrared and Raman spectroscopies lack the molecular-scale resolution to distinguish this binding inhomogeneity. In contrast, inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM-IETS) directly visualizes ligand adsorption geometries and their vibrational signatures. Using STM-IETS, we investigate a metal-adsorbed <i>m</i>-terphenyl isocyanide ligand and find that the adsorption geometry on Cu(100) induces a significant shift in isocyanide stretching frequency, more prominent than replacing Cu(100) with Ag(111). Density functional theory confirms that this shift arises from atomic-scale variations in coordination environments. This study elucidates how precise binding influences the vibrational fingerprints of isocyanide ligands, an often-overlooked factor in understanding the isocyanide–metal interplay.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-05-26DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00952
Haonan Ling, Yuankai Tang, Xinyu Tian, Pavel Shafirin, Mozakkar Hossain, Polina P. Vabishchevich, Hayk Harutyunyan, Artur R. Davoyan
{"title":"Nonlinear van der Waals Metasurfaces with Resonantly Enhanced Light Generation","authors":"Haonan Ling, Yuankai Tang, Xinyu Tian, Pavel Shafirin, Mozakkar Hossain, Polina P. Vabishchevich, Hayk Harutyunyan, Artur R. Davoyan","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00952","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient nonlinear wave mixing is of paramount importance for a wide range of applications. However, weak optical nonlinearities pose significant challenges for accessing nonlinear light–matter interaction in compact systems. Here, we experimentally study second harmonic generation in deeply subwavelength 3R-MoS<sub>2</sub> metasurfaces (<λ/13 thick). Our measurements, supported by theoretical analysis, reveal a complex interplay and coupling between geometric resonances, optical extinction, and exciton-driven strong nonlinear susceptibility dispersion. We further demonstrate >150-fold enhancement in second harmonic signal at 740 nm mediated by the A exciton resonance. Additionally, our theoretical studies predict an enhancement of more than 10<sup>6</sup> in second harmonic generation in <100 nm thick structures exhibiting bound states in the continuum resonance. These findings provide insight into accessing and harnessing the unprecedented 3R-MoS<sub>2</sub> nonlinearities at a subwavelength scale, paving the way to ultracompact nonlinear photonic devices.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-05-26DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00800
Maksym Illienko, Komal Chaudhary, Matthias C Velsink, Stefan Witte
{"title":"Characterization of Sub-Optical-Wavelength Structures through Optically Opaque Films Using Picosecond Ultrasonics.","authors":"Maksym Illienko, Komal Chaudhary, Matthias C Velsink, Stefan Witte","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periodic arrays of nanostructures form an important building block of modern integrated circuits and photonic devices. Functionality of such devices is often critically dependent on the detailed structure. Moreover, multistep lithographic processing requires accurate metrology tools to characterize device morphology noninvasively, often after the deposition of additional layers of material. Here we show that ultrafast picosecond ultrasonics enables the accurate characterization of periodic structures below optically opaque thin films. By optically generating and detecting ultrahigh-frequency ultrasound at the surface of the film, we quantitatively characterize the main features of subsurface gratings with line widths down to 100 nm. We find that the acoustic diffraction is sensitive to the shape of the grating lines on the scale of tens of nanometers.</p>","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-05-26DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01724
Yule Wang, Jipeng Xu, Ning Liu, Xinye Liao, Zhihong Zhu, Wei Xu, Ken Liu
{"title":"Ultrathin Twisted Bilayer Photonic Crystal with Tunable Micron-Level Near-Field Coupling for Multimode Polarization Manipulation","authors":"Yule Wang, Jipeng Xu, Ning Liu, Xinye Liao, Zhihong Zhu, Wei Xu, Ken Liu","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01724","url":null,"abstract":"Moiré chiral metasurfaces hold great promise for polarization-sensitive applications. However, achieving multimode tunability remains challenging and requires further efforts. This paper presents an on-site tunable twisted bilayer photonic crystal (TBPhC) composed of two ultrathin silicon nitride photonic crystal films stacked into moiré patterns, each only 50 nm thick. These ultrathin photonic crystals support guided-mode resonances and form an optical resonator through interlayer coupling, simultaneously generating twist-tunable moiré chiral resonances. Notably, compared to hundred-nanometer scale counterparts, this deep-subwavelength photonic crystal thickness enhances near-field coupling, enabling the tuning of multiple resonant modes at micron-level spacing, thus allowing for more flexible manipulation. Experimental results demonstrate that this ultrathin resonant configuration enables active control of resonant chiroptical responses by adjusting the interlayer distance and twist angle, thereby modulating the polarization state of light at the telecom region and opening new possibilities for dynamic polarization control in advanced optical devices.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Atomic-Scale Insights into Flexoelectricity and the Enhanced Photovoltaic Effect at the Grain Boundary in Halide Perovskites.","authors":"Yaonan Xiong,Zhiming Luo,Wenjing Chen,Zhou Li,Sanxia Yin,Chenchen Peng,Jinhua Hong,Junlei Qi,Meng-Qiu Cai,Zhengguo Xiao,Chao Ma,Shulin Chen","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01967","url":null,"abstract":"Grain boundaries (GBs) generally exist in halide perovskites and are often accompanied by structural distortions or composition segregation, significantly altering their optoelectronic properties. However, the atomic-scale mechanisms underpinning these effects remain elusive due to the inherent complexity of the GB structures. By employing aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy, we directly visualize the atomic structures of GBs in halide perovskites, uncovering the emergence of flexoelectricity and associated polarization-induced shift-currents. We demonstrate that a large strain gradient at 52° GBs induces significant flexoelectric polarization. This flexoelectricity is observed across GBs with different compositions and misorientation angles. First-principles calculations confirm that such flexoelectric polarization can enhance the photovoltaic effect, resulting in a shift-current of ∼15 μA V-2. These findings uncover a previously unrecognized role of GBs in halide perovskites and provide new insights into leveraging GB engineering to achieve flexoelectricity and regulate optoelectrical properties in halide perovskites.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-05-25DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02443
Changhyeon Yoo,Chung Won Lee,Al Mahanad Sultan Said Al Kamyani,Sang Sub Han,Justin Cao,Han-Kyun Shin,Yu-Jin Song,Jung Han Kim,Yeonwoong Jung
{"title":"Wafer-Scale Tellurium Nanotube Meshes for Optically Modulated and Mechanically Flexible Artificial Synapses.","authors":"Changhyeon Yoo,Chung Won Lee,Al Mahanad Sultan Said Al Kamyani,Sang Sub Han,Justin Cao,Han-Kyun Shin,Yu-Jin Song,Jung Han Kim,Yeonwoong Jung","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02443","url":null,"abstract":"Tellurium (Te) nanotube (NT) meshes fabricated via a scalable low-temperature chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process are being explored for flexible optoelectronic synapse applications. Centimeter-scale meshes composed of highly networked single-crystalline individual Te nanorods are directly grown on polymeric substrates at a low temperature of 350 °C. The Te NT meshes exhibit p-type semiconducting behaviors accompanied by an optical bandgap of ∼0.48 eV coupled with an excellent mechanical deformability. Flexible devices incorporating these materials yield intriguing characteristics essential for optoelectronic artificial synapses, i.e., bending-invariant photoresponsiveness, optical pulse-induced potentiation, and electrical pulse-induced depression. Such features enable the simulation of various biologically inspired synaptic functionalities, including short- and long-term plasticity and paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), as well as demonstrations of Pavlovian associative learning and visual perception emulation. This work addresses key challenges in establishing scalable manufacturing for mechanically reconfigurable and functionally versatile platforms toward emerging neuromorphic applications.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving Electron and Ion Transport in Nano-Si Anodes through Integration with Conductive Nano-Metal–Organic Frameworks","authors":"Fei Dou, Yanfangchen Chang, Yanfei Zhang, Qian Li, Tsung-Yi Chen, Yan Yan, Yangyang Sun, Xiaotian Guo, Chenhui Yin, Huijie Zhou, Han-Yi Chen, Huan Pang","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00832","url":null,"abstract":"Conductive metal–organic frameworks (c-MOFs) and nanosilicon (nano-Si) composites (Si–M–HHTP, M = Co, Ni, or Cu, HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene) were synthesized using a single-step methodology to enhance the performance of nano-Si anodes in lithium-ion batteries. The promoting role of M–HHTP is reflected in the following: (i) extensive π–d conjugation enhances electrical conductivity; (ii) molecules stack into 2D rods for rapid Li<sup>+</sup> transport; (iii) 2D rods construct a 3D structure to mitigate volume expansion. Electrochemical tests demonstrate that the 3D structure and conductive M–HHTP play a significant role in stabilizing the long-term cycling performance and enhancing rate capabilities. Moreover, the varying electrochemical properties observed in Si–Co–HHTP, Si–Ni–HHTP, and Si–Cu–HHTP can be attributed to the different electrochemical interactions between Co<sup>2+</sup>, Ni<sup>2+</sup>, and Cu<sup>2+</sup> center coordination ions and Li<sup>+</sup>. The synergistic integration of nano-Si and c-MOFs presents a compelling approach for the development of high-performance lithium-ion batteries with high capacities, extended cycle lives, and superior rate performance.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}