{"title":"Scalable Wafer-Level Fabrication of Slanted TiO2 Gratings for Directional Visible Light Control","authors":"Xiang Gao, Shuo Dong, Xiaolong Wang, Tong-Huai Cheng, Shixin Sun, Muhan Tang, Kaidong Xu, Feng Luo","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c04104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c04104","url":null,"abstract":"Slanted TiO<sub>2</sub> gratings serve as key couplers enabling high-efficiency, large-angle diffraction in augmented reality (AR) diffractive optical waveguide systems, thereby supporting compact and transparent display integration. However, fabrication challenges and high production costs have hindered their scalability. Here, we demonstrate a streamlined and high-fidelity pattern transfer framework, integrating interference lithography, nanoimprint lithography, inductively coupled plasma etching, and reactive ion beam etching. This framework enables one-step pattern replication and precise angular control across wafer-scale areas. An experimental demonstration of the slanted TiO<sub>2</sub> grating confirms high structural fidelity and effective phase modulation, enabling efficient directional light steering toward desired diffraction orders. Our work offers a practical and scalable fabrication strategy for implementing slanted TiO<sub>2</sub> gratings in AR systems, advancing their feasibility for large-scale integration and commercial deployment.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Engineering Low-Coordinated Pt Sites through Supported Polyhedral Nanoparticles for Enhanced Low-Temperature Toluene Catalytic Oxidation.","authors":"Xiangwei Zhang,Qingze Chen,Haoyang Fu,Peng Liu,Jieyang Xie,Xun Geng,Zhihao Lei,Shuzhou Li,Runliang Zhu","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c04170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c04170","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering low-coordinated Pt sites represents a promising strategy to boost catalysis, yet their precise control to optimize structure-activity relationships for volatile organic compounds oxidation remains challenging. Herein, we achieved abundant low-coordinated Pt sites by constructing highly dispersed and well-defined polyhedral Pt nanoparticles on a porous silica support (Pt-APSiO2) for toluene oxidation. The amino-functionalized silica provides coordination environments for [PtCl6]2- precursors that regulate the reduction kinetics to favor polyhedral morphology formation. The resulting Pt-APSiO2 catalyst showed exceptional performance in toluene oxidation with an extremely low T90 of 148 °C. Structural characterization revealed that the polyhedral Pt nanoparticles possessed a reduced coordination number of 7.38, leading to an upward shift in the d-band center to -1.88 eV. This shifts endowed Pt sites with stronger adsorption and activation for both toluene and O2. This work demonstrates the feasibility of morphology-directed synthesis for tailoring active site coordination environments, advancing rational design principles for environmental catalysis.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-10-02DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03151
Youngjin Choi,Su Jeong Park,Bo Kyung Cho,Jongmin Lee,Yejin Sung,Yang C Zeng,Nakwon Choi,William M Shih,Soo Hyun Kim,Dong-Hwee Kim,Seung-Woo Cho,Youngmee Jung,Ju Hee Ryu
{"title":"DNA Nanostructures for Modular Growth Factor Delivery and Peripheral Nerve Repair.","authors":"Youngjin Choi,Su Jeong Park,Bo Kyung Cho,Jongmin Lee,Yejin Sung,Yang C Zeng,Nakwon Choi,William M Shih,Soo Hyun Kim,Dong-Hwee Kim,Seung-Woo Cho,Youngmee Jung,Ju Hee Ryu","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03151","url":null,"abstract":"Severe peripheral nerve injuries cause significant functional impairments due to limited regenerative capacity. Growth factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor promote neuronal differentiation and regeneration, but their controlled and efficient delivery remains challenging. Here, we present square block DNA nanostructures (SQBs) as a modular platform for the spatially controlled presentation of growth-factor-mimicking peptides. SQBs displaying 38 BDNF-mimicking peptides at 5 nm intervals enhanced the neuronal differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Dual-ligand presentation was validated using fluorescein isothiocyanate and cyanine5.5, demonstrating ratio-controlled conjugation and colocalized delivery within single cells. In a sciatic nerve injury model, BDNF-functionalized SQBs modestly improved functional recovery, reduced muscle atrophy, and enhanced remyelination compared to the untreated crush group. Histological analysis revealed increased myelin sheath thickness and improved axonal integrity. These findings underscore potential SQBs as programmable and spatially precise delivery systems for neuroregenerative therapies and broader tissue repair strategies.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-10-02DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c04070
Qian Hu, Xian-Zong Wang, Pengfei Guo, Long Wang, Hongqiang Wang
{"title":"Balancing Corrosion Resistance and Electronic Conductivity in Nanoscale Amorphous Carbon Layers via Oxidizing Engineering","authors":"Qian Hu, Xian-Zong Wang, Pengfei Guo, Long Wang, Hongqiang Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c04070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c04070","url":null,"abstract":"A commercially available amorphous carbon (a-C)-coated bipolar plate (BP) faces critical challenges of mitigating the rapid deterioration of electronic conductivity resulting from the corrosion at high potential in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). This work proposes then verifies that creating an oxidized a-C layer on C/Ti coating is able to mitigate corrosion while reserving available conductivity. Controllable oxygen incorporation in the a-C layer effectively lowers the adsorption energy of corrosive ions. Meanwhile, owing to a downward shift of the valence band maximum (VBM), the coating achieves a positive transpassivation potential of 1.36 V and mitigates continuous dissolution. Particularly, as a benefit from controllable oxidation states (∼30%) and the electron tunneling effect through nanoscale oxide layer (∼15 nm), this coating reserves a considerable conductivity, which remarkably outperforms those of BPs with conventional a-C coatings. This work highlights the importance of oxidation states of the a-C layer on BPs to achieve balanced corrosion resistance and conductivity.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Noninvasive Optoacoustic Imaging of Oxygen Saturation Reveals Hypoxic Hematopoietic Bone Marrow during Systemic Inflammation.","authors":"Ashish Tiwari,Narmeen Haj,Ruth Pikovsky,Shirly Hagay,Maria Berihu,Betsalel Elgrably,Liron McLey,Majd Machour,Shiri Karni-Ashkenazi,Inbar Brosh,Shy Shoham,Shulamit Levenberg,Daniel Razansky,Amir Rosenthal,Katrien Vandoorne","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01802","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammation drives various diseases, including cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and oncological disorders, by altering immune cell dynamics in hematopoietic niches. The bone marrow is the primary site for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell activity. Here, we present a novel, noninvasive approach using multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) to track oxygenation dynamics in the murine calvarial bone marrow during acute systemic inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our MSOT system provided real-time, label-free imaging of hemoglobin oxygen saturation (sO2), revealing significant reductions in sO2 levels in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice, indicative of increased oxygen consumption. Co-registration with microCT enabled precise vascular mapping. Hypoxia was confirmed by ex vivo Pimonidazole staining and optical imaging and was associated with elevated neutrophil counts and enhanced hematopoietic activation. These findings demonstrate MSOT's potential for noninvasive imaging of marrow oxygenation, offering insights into inflammation-driven hematopoietic activation and supporting the development of therapies targeting oxygen-sensitive pathways.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compatibility between Schottky-Mott Limit and High Carrier-Injection Efficiency in Metal-van der Waals Semiconductor Junctions.","authors":"Hui-Xiong Deng,Chen Zhang,Jin Xiao,Kai-Ke Yang,Chen Qiu,Zhongming Wei,Yue-Yang Liu,Jun-Wei Luo,Su-Huai Wei","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03335","url":null,"abstract":"For a traditional bulk metal-semiconductor junction, owing to the Fermi level pinning (FLP), the Schottky barrier height (SBH) cannot be effectively tuned by varying the metal work function. This phenomenon is proven to be true even in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) semiconductors. However, some recent experiments showed an ideal metal-vdW semiconductor junction (MVSJ) is free of FLP, thus, can achieve Schottky-Mott limit (SML) and high interface current simultaneously. Here, we address this contradiction by showing that intrinsic FLP persists in stable ideal MVSJs due to wave function hybridization, which prevents the simultaneous achievement of SML and high interface current. Although FLP can be reduced by decreasing the metal-semiconductor interactions (e.g., artificially increasing the interfacial distance), this inevitably raises contact resistance and degrades charge injection efficiency. Our basic understanding thus provides significant insights on the FLP issue in 2D semiconductor interfaces, and more experimental study on this issue is called for.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03052
Kaixiang Liang,Yong Li,Shiyu Fan,Tao Ding
{"title":"Room-Temperature Circularly Polarized Single Photon Emission from Eu3+/Organic Complexes Coupled to Chiral Plasmonic Nanocavity.","authors":"Kaixiang Liang,Yong Li,Shiyu Fan,Tao Ding","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03052","url":null,"abstract":"Room-temperature circularly polarized single-photon sources are crucial for quantum information and photonic technologies. Here we integrated europium (Eu3+)-doped organic complexes with chiral plasmonic nanocavities using helicoid-on-mirror (HoM) architecture, achieving giant circularly polarized emission with quantum yield of 40% and dissymmetry factor (glum) of 0.40 ± 0.02. The HoM's superchiral hotspot enhances chiral emission through the Purcell effect. Nonlinear dynamics confirms the transition from spontaneous to stimulated chiral photon generation with reduced threshold power. Time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy shows enhanced radiative rates (0.7 μs vs 360 μs bulk), indicating efficient plasmon-exciton coupling. Single-photon emission with circular polarization characteristics is demonstrated by photon antibunching (g(2) = 0.30 ± 0.05) at room temperature when the pumping power is below 20 μW. This integration of lanthanide photophysics with chiral plasmonics provides scalable pathways for room-temperature quantum chiral photonics, with applications in quantum information encoding, chiral sensing, and circularly polarized organic light-emitting diodes.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c04153
Weiwei Wu,Memoona Qammar,Guojun Mi,Mohsen Tamtaji,Zewei Cui,Dongyang Li,Jie Li,Bosen Zou,Wei Liu,Guanhua Chen,Sai Ho Pun,Jonathan E Halpert,He Yan,Chun Cheng
{"title":"Substituent-Tuned Dipole and Coordination Geometry in Methoxybenzohydrazides for Stable and Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.","authors":"Weiwei Wu,Memoona Qammar,Guojun Mi,Mohsen Tamtaji,Zewei Cui,Dongyang Li,Jie Li,Bosen Zou,Wei Liu,Guanhua Chen,Sai Ho Pun,Jonathan E Halpert,He Yan,Chun Cheng","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c04153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c04153","url":null,"abstract":"Interfacial energy alignment and defect passivation are critical for advancing the efficiency and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells. Herein, we report a molecular design strategy using methoxybenzoylhydrazines (MBHs) as synergistic bifunctional modulators to simultaneously modulate interfacial energetics and passivate defects. By systematically varying the number and position of the methoxy substituents on the phenyl ring, we elucidate how structural motifs govern the dipole strength, coordination behavior, and interfacial compatibility. Interestingly, increasing the number of electron-donating groups does not guarantee a larger dipole moment, highlighting the pivotal role of the substituent arrangement and intramolecular conjugation. Devices with MBHs achieve a champion power conversion efficiency of 25.8% with excellent operational stability, retaining over 93% efficiency after 1500 h at 85 °C under maximum power point tracking. These findings demonstrate how substituent-directed dipole engineering and multidentate interactions can be harnessed to overcome key interfacial challenges in perovskite photovoltaics.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multilevel Nanoarray Spin-Orbit Torque Device for Process-in-Memory Applications.","authors":"Daekyu Koh,Dong-Jun Kim,Taehwan Kim,Minseok Kang,Duc Duong Viet,Hyejin Hong,Jong-Ryul Jeong,Jongsun Park,Byong-Guk Park","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02634","url":null,"abstract":"The advancement of data-driven technologies has increased energy and time consumption in data transfer between processors and memory units, limiting further improvement in device performance. This challenge can be addressed by introducing process-in-memory (PIM) architecture, which alleviates data transfer overhead through in-memory computation. In this work, we propose multilevel nanoarray spin-orbit torque (SOT) devices for PIM applications. In a Hall bar structure with multiple ferromagnetic islands, the SOT switching current varies depending on the size or shape of each island. Discrete multilevel states can then be precisely controlled by modulating input current, thus demonstrating analog PIM functionality. Furthermore, the same device also enables logic operations, with pulse currents as digital inputs and multilevel resistances as digital outputs, thereby demonstrating its suitability for digital PIM applications. Notably, multilevel SOT switching can operate with nanosecond current pulses, without requiring external magnetic field, highlighting its potential for ultrafast, energy-efficient PIM platforms.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03522
Ziting Sun,Sanyou Chen,Wanhe Li,Ruowei Ma,Fazhan Shi,Jiangfeng Du
{"title":"Magnetic Monitoring of Single-DNA Interaction Dynamics at Interfaces Using Diamond Quantum Sensors.","authors":"Ziting Sun,Sanyou Chen,Wanhe Li,Ruowei Ma,Fazhan Shi,Jiangfeng Du","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03522","url":null,"abstract":"Elucidating mechanisms of biomolecular interactions at interfaces is critical for understanding numerous physiological processes and optimizing various biomedical analysis technologies. However, inadequate sensitivity, stability, and specificity of existing detection techniques hinder interfacial biomolecular interaction studies, especially at the single-molecule level. Here, we introduce dynamic single-particle magnetic imaging (dSiPMI) leveraging nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamonds, enabling real-time magnetic detection of the dynamics of biomolecular interactions under physiological conditions. The dSiPMI visualized DNA hybridization occurring between functionalized surfaces of magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) and diamond, extracting characteristic kinetic parameters of single- and multiple-DNA interactions. Furthermore, capitalizing on the stable magnetic signature of MNPs and method robustness, we sustained monitoring of single-DNA hybridization events for 1 h through sequential measurements, revealing enhanced binding affinity correlated with increasing Na+ concentration (from 0 to 0.7 M). This study establishes a robust single-particle and single-molecule magnetic method for quantitatively analyzing the biomolecular interaction dynamics on chips and particles.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}