Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the therapeutic potential of microRNAs: targeted gene regulation strategies for enhanced cancer therapy","authors":"Shashwat Pandey ,&nbsp;Preeti Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer remains one of the most significant causes of death worldwide, with conventional therapies often hindered by drug resistance, off-target effects, and systemic toxicity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNA molecules, have emerged as critical regulators of gene expression, influencing various cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Their dual role as tumor suppressors and oncogenes makes them promising therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. This review explores the therapeutic potential of miRNAs in modulating key cancer pathways and overcoming drug resistance. It delves into strategies like miRNA mimics and antagomiRs to restore normal gene expression, alongside advanced delivery systems, including nanoparticles and exosomes, to ensure targeted, stable, and effective delivery. Furthermore, the challenges associated with miRNA therapy, such as degradation, off-target effects, and immune responses, are discussed. The integration of miRNA-based approaches with existing therapies holds promise for enhancing treatment efficacy and paving the way for personalized cancer management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"23 4","pages":"Article 100556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144907311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of Canarium odontophyllum fruit phytoconstituents as potential candidates against epilepsy using in silico studies","authors":"Lim Joe Siang ,&nbsp;Kamini Vijeepallam ,&nbsp;Arunachalam Muthuraman ,&nbsp;Parasuraman Pavadai ,&nbsp;Thiruventhan Karunakaran ,&nbsp;Veerasamy Ravichandran","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epilepsy is the third most common neurological illness worldwide, affecting over 65 million people. Current antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are ineffective for about 30 % of epileptic patients. AED use is extremely expensive and associated with adverse effects such as ataxia, nystagmus, and central nervous system depression. Serious quality-of-life changes are another aspect of managing epileptic conditions. A variety of therapeutic plant components, including flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, and alkaloids, exhibit a wide range of biological actions, including antibacterial, antioxidant, antiulcer, antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, antiepileptic, and immunostimulant properties. Because many of them are being researched in modern research to develop an active therapeutic candidate, we resorted to medicinal plants to investigate powerful antiepileptic components. So, in this in silico study, we aimed to identify potential antiepileptic agents from <em>Canarium odontophyllum</em> fruits using molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and ADMET prediction approach. In the present study, the virtual screening was performed on a set of 63 phytocompounds, identified from the hydroalcoholic (70 %) extract of <em>C. odontophyllum</em> fruit using LC-MS (LC-MS-QTOF) analysis, by using molecular docking simulation to examine their binding ability with seven proteins that are responsible for epilepsy. Further, the selected compounds with good binding affinity were subjected to ADMET screening to predict the pharmacokinetic properties, and molecular dynamics testing was done to confirm the outcomes. Our results revealed that <em>C. odontophyllum</em> phytoconstituents showed the strongest binding affinities against all tested enzymes. Moreover, kanzonol B could prominently interact with all tested proteins with moderate to good binding affinity (−6.70 to −10.65 kcal/mol). All top phytoconstituents obeyed Lipinski’s RO5 and drug-likeness properties. These computational studies suggested that the phytoconstituents of <em>C. odontophyllum</em> can serve as potent inhibitors of enzymes responsible for epilepsy. Thus, we recommend further experimental investigations to validate the promising results of the present in silico study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"23 4","pages":"Article 100561"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profile of GAS6 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms [GAS6 c.834+7G>A (rs8191974), and GAS6 c.1332C>T (rs1803628)] among a cohort of Egyptian women with preeclampsia: Relation to disease risk and severity","authors":"Mostafa Mohamed Khodry ,&nbsp;Sawsan M.A. Abuhamdah ,&nbsp;Mohammed H. Hassan ,&nbsp;Abd El-Naser Abd El-Gaber Ali ,&nbsp;Asmaa Ahmed Sayed Khames ,&nbsp;Mohammad A.M. Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study represents the investigation of the potential link between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS6) gene and preeclampsia (PE) in Egyptian women. Few existing research have explored this association in other populations, prompting this investigation into the relationship between variants of GAS6 SNPs and both the probability and severity of PE. 200 pregnant Egyptian women participated in the study; 100 were normotensive, 50 had mild PE, and 50 had severe PE. RFLP-PCR was used to genotype GAS6 SNPs [NM_000820.4:c.834+7G&gt;A (rs8191974) and NM_000820.4:c.1332C&gt;T (rs1803628)] in patients and controls (mean ages 30.33 ± 7.17 and 27.43 ± 5.14 years, respectively). Key findings included a significantly higher frequency of AA genotype (29 % vs. 7 %; P &lt; 0.001) and A allele (56 % vs. 30 %; P &lt; 0.001, OR = 0.337, 95 % CI = 0.223–0.508) of NM_000820.4:c.834+7G&gt;A in PE patients compared to controls. In contrast, the CC genotype (27 % vs. 4 %; P &lt; 0.001) and wild C allele (59.5 % vs. 49.5 %; P = 0.045, OR = 1.499, 95 % CI = 1.009–2.226) of NM_000820.4:c.1332C&gt;T were also significantly more frequent in PE patients. Within PE cases, severe cases showed a higher frequency of the CC genotype of NM_000820.3:c.1332C &gt; T (38 % vs. 16 % in mild cases; P = 0.009) and C allele (68 % vs. 51 %; P = 0.014, OR = 2.042, 95 % CI = 1.149–3.627). These results indicate an association between PE risk and the A allele and AA genotype of NM_000820.4:c.834+7G&gt;A variants. Within this cohort of Egyptian women, PE development and severity were significantly linked to the presence of the CC genotype and C allele of the NM_000820.4:c.1332C&gt;T variants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"23 4","pages":"Article 100554"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activities of Nigerian mountain honey in relation to its bacterial flora","authors":"Sara H. Mansour ,&nbsp;Asmaa I. El-shazly ,&nbsp;Amira A. Gamal ,&nbsp;Elsayed A. Elsayed ,&nbsp;Mohammad A. Wadaan ,&nbsp;Mona A. Esawy","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerous studies have investigated the biological activities of honey, emphasizing its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and therapeutic properties. However, a comprehensive examination of the bacteria isolated from honey has been largely overlooked. This study aimed to bridge that gap by exploring the relationship between the bioactivities of honey and the bacterial spores it contains. Furthermore, there is no comparison between the polysaccharides in honey such as levan and its inherent bacteria. Accordingly, various enzymes, including levansucrase, invertase, glucose oxidase, amylase, and catalase, were assessed in Nigerian mountain honey and their inherent seven bacterial isolates. Honey and its isolates showed levansucrase production to various degrees where the highest activity was obtained with isolate NO.4 and the honey recorded (21U/ml). Additionally, honey and its isolates showed varied activities between (171–465 U/ml), (88–250 U/ml) for amylase and glucose oxidase respectively. The highest catalase activity was recorded by isolate No 4 based on the qualitative test. Interestingly, all isolates lacked protease activity. Honey and specific isolates inhibited various pathogenic bacteria, including <em>Salmonella enterica Typhi, Escherichia coli,</em> and <em>Bacillus cereus.</em> Also, fungi such as <em>Candida albicans.</em> In addition, honey and its isolates had high antioxidant activities ranging from 58 to 77%. The polysaccharides Lev1, Lev2, and honey have no cytotoxic effects on normal cells. They were identified as levans based on FTIR and NMR. Honey and lev1, lev2 showed cytotoxicity against HCT116 cell lines (61.5, 59.5, and 53.70%), respectively. Interestingly, the study found a strong link between the biological activities of the bacteria and the honey itself.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"23 4","pages":"Article 100559"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome profiling by RNA sequencing reveals novel targets of Gemini nano curcumin on p53-mutant HT-29 colorectal cancer cells","authors":"Hewa Jalal Azeez ,&nbsp;Raheleh Karimzadeh ,&nbsp;Esmaeil Babaei","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Colorectal cancer is considered as an aggressive tumor with high mortality in the world. It has been shown that Gemini Nano-Curcumin (Gemini-Cur) affects viability of colorectal cancer cells. Nevertheless, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying its toxicity are debatable. Here, we planned to untangle the potential novel targets for nanocurcumin on p53-mutant HT-29 cancer cells by employing RNA sequencing.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>After cultivation, HT-29 cell were incubated with appropriate doses of Gemini-Cur for 24 h. Total RNA was extracted, cDNA library was constructed and sequenced. The DESeq2 tool were employed to normalize reads and detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The enrichR tool was employed to do Gene Ontology (GO) &amp; identify biological processes (BP), cellular components (CC) and molecular functions (MF) that are impacted in the condition. The PPI network was constructed of 1200 DEGs using STRING, visualized by Cytoacape and analyzed with MCODE.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After DEGs screening, 1309 genes between untreated and treated cancer cells were obtained including 479 upregulated with P-value &lt; 0.05 &amp; log2 FC &gt; 1) as well as 63 downregulated genes with P-value &lt; 0.05 and log2 FC &lt; −1). Then, DEGs were assigned to 207 GO terms including numerous cellular pathways such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-related processes. Finally, 542 up and downregulated genes were mapped to 67 reactome pathways. The pathway analysis illustrated that Gemini-Cur modulates numerous pathways including ER stress response- and transporter-related genes. Using MCODE, Three modules were significantly identified with scores ≥ 1 and nodes ≥ 1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our data reveal that nanocurcumin might affects HT-29 colorectal cancer cells through modulating different pathways such as endoplasmic reticulum response, and transporter-related genes. More studies necessitate to unravel the molecular mechanisms and proteins involved in these pathways that could be considered as novel therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"23 4","pages":"Article 100548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic and functional role of PPAR-alpha and SNP receptor (Leu162Val) in acute coronary syndrome: a potential novel target","authors":"Abdullah Abdulsattar Raeef ,&nbsp;Hassan H. Al-Saeed ,&nbsp;Sami Mekhlif Mishlish","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>PPAR-alpha plays a key role in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Its activation influences lipid metabolism and inflammation, impacting cardiovascular health and potentially mitigating risks related to heart conditions. This study aims to find the relationship between PPAR-alpha concentration and genetic polymorphism in ACS patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and materials</h3><div>The study enrolled 90 ACS patients and 90 controls aged 30–70. Blood samples were analyzed for biomarkers (troponin, CK-MB, hs-CRP, PPARα) and rs1800206 SNP via ELISA and HRM-PCR. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS v21, ANOVA, and ROC tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed an increase in the levels of troponin, CK-MB, and hs-CRP for the patient groups compared to the healthy groups with significant differences between the groups (p-value &lt;0.05). The level of (PPAR-alpha) was low in patients (1472.2 ± 74.5) and high in the healthy group (2051.8 ± 149.9) with significant differences between study groups. ROC analysis identified CK-MB, and hs-CRP as optimal biomarkers for ACS diagnosis; PPARα showed good predictive value. The study also found that the dominant genotype (CC) represented a small percentage of the patient samples while the homozygotes (CG) and the recessive (GG) represented the highest percentage, unlike the healthy group. Also, Allele (C) has a low percentage in the patients’ group while allele (G) has a high percentage with considering the G allele as a risk factor. In addition, the results showed an abnormal distribution of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium indicating the presence of factors extraneous to the community that changed the genetic pattern. The results also showed that the dominant genetic model is the best expressive for the samples of the Iraqi community infected with ACS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The present study demonstrated a relationship between the concentration of PPAR-alpha and the genetic polymorphism of Leu162Val (rs1800206) SNP and acute coronary syndrome with a decrease in the concentration of PPAR-alpha and the predominance of the recessive gene and the recessive allele in patients compared to healthy individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"23 4","pages":"Article 100555"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of two novel chia (Salvia hispanica L.) white and black genotypes via DNA barcoding, physiological, and agronomic traits","authors":"Clara R. Azzam ,&nbsp;Mokhtar Said Rizk ,&nbsp;Soha Sayed Mohammad Mostafa ,&nbsp;Ramadan A. Arafa ,&nbsp;Mohamed Samy Al-Nabawi ,&nbsp;Nahid Abdelaty Ali Morsi ,&nbsp;Marwa Mahmoud Nasr El-Din ,&nbsp;Enass Hassan Taher ,&nbsp;Khaled Adly Khaled","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chia (<em>Salvia hispanica</em> L.) is recognized for its nutritional value and health-promoting compounds, including flavonoids.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study utilized DNA barcoding to identify and differentiate two novel chia genotypes, CACH-W and CACH-B, providing insights for breeding programs and genetic resource conservation (CA refers to the developer and CH refer to Chia).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>DNA was extracted from controlled samples and analyzed using five barcode markers: <em>trn</em>H<em>-psb</em>A<em>, mat</em>K<em>, rpo</em>C1<em>, rbc</em>L, and ITS. Genetic diversity was evaluated through phylogenetic analysis with appropriate bioinformatics tools.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>DNA barcoding using five markers (<em>trn</em>H-<em>psb</em>A, <em>mat</em>K, <em>rpo</em>C1, <em>rbc</em>L, and ITS) successfully amplified sequences of 930 bp, 1520 bp, 2295 bp, 1910 bp, and 1630 bp, respectively. Among them, <em>rbc</em>L, <em>rpo</em>C1, and ITS effectively differentiated the two genotypes, and phylogenetic analysis confirmed their genetic identity and relationship with existing (<em>Salvia hispanica</em> L.) sequences. Functional analyses highlighted the conserved roles of key genes, including <em>rbc</em>L (carbon fixation), <em>rpo</em>C1 (chloroplast transcription), and <em>mat</em>K (RNA splicing). The white genotype (CACH-W) outperformed the black genotype (CACH-B) in germination, physiological, and agronomic traits, achieving a higher seedling vigor index (11.68 vs. 8.51), longer radicle (6.94 cm vs. 5.02 cm), and greater total phenolic content (31.92 mg/g vs. 28.95 mg/g). Agronomically, CACH-W showed superior plant height, spike weight, and seed yield (1003.83 kg/feddan vs. 606.46 kg/feddan), making it a promising candidate for cultivation and breeding.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates the effectiveness of certain plastome gene sequences in identifying and distinguishing chia varieties, offering a reliable tool for breeding, quality control, and germplasm conservation. The white genotype (CACH-W) outperformed the black genotype (CACH-B) in germination, physiological, and agronomic traits, achieving a higher seedling vigor index, longer radicle, and greater total phenolic content. Agronomically, CACH-W showed superior plant height, spike weight, and seed yield, making it a promising candidate for cultivation and breeding. The results also support the integration of marker-assisted selection for developing chia varieties with improved traits, enhancing their commercial and agricultural value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic characterization and comparative analysis of antibiotic resistance and virulence in Bangladeshi and global Klebsiella pneumoniae ST48 strains","authors":"Sudipta Chowdhury Chaity,&nbsp;Md Arman Hosen,&nbsp;Sabita Rezwana Rahman,&nbsp;Md Abu Sayem Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> is an opportunistic pathogen associated with nosocomial infections, known for its multidrug resistance (MDR) and biofilm-forming abilities. ST48 is a particularly concerning sequence type and an emerging international clone linked to global spread and MDR infections. This study examines the comprehensive genomic epidemiology of the local and global populations of <em>K. pneumoniae</em> ST48 strains using whole genomes sequence data. We performed phenotypic and genotypic characterization of a <em>K. pneumoniae</em> strain S3C and conducted molecular epidemiological analyses of local ST48 isolates in Bangladesh, followed by pan-genome and phylogenetic analyses of 397 global ST48 strains. The S3C strain was resistant to 17 out of 19 tested antibiotics and was a moderate biofilm former. Whole genome sequencing identified it as ST48 clonal type, with 13 acquired antibiotic resistance genes, 76 virulence-associated genes, and multiple mobile genetic elements. Comparative analysis of Bangladeshi ST48 strains indicated a high prevalence of MDR genes, particularly <em>bla_CTX-M-15</em>, and a diverse array of virulence factors associated with biofilm formation, siderophore production, capsular biosynthesis and others. Pan-genome analysis of Bangladeshi ST48 strains revealed 8,030 genes, with 56.26% classified as core genes. In contrast, global ST48 strains had 16,307 genes, with 75.3% as accessory genes, highlighting extensive genomic plasticity. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that isolates from different regions clustered within the major clade, indicating the global dissemination of this sequence type. Our findings underscore the substantial genomic diversity and high resistance levels of <em>K. pneumoniae</em> ST48, emphasizing the need for targeted infection control measures and continuous surveillance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the landscape of cross-species transmission, epidemiology, phylogenetics, and antigenicity of HPAI strain A(H5N1) causing a recent outbreak in the USA","authors":"Chiranjib Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Yen-Po Chen ,&nbsp;Manojit Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Arpita Das ,&nbsp;Zhi-Hong Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>H5N1 virus infections have repeatedly been reported among wild birds in the USA and throughout the globe. Therefore, the recent outbreak of HPAI strain A(H5N1) in the USA is a global concern that spread among twelve states and three humans in dairy cattle farms. The virus has been reported from cow milk. In this study, we analyzed cross-species transmission, epidemiology, phylogenetics, and virus antigenicity. We depicted different phylogenetic trees using eight genome segments with 1188 genomes (n = 1188) collected from the USA, and the genome clustering at the leaf node level was shown. Here, our analysis found nine different clades. Among these nine clades, 2.3.4.4b clades have spread in the USA. The clade is currently more widespread than the others. Similarly, we have also estimated the transmission in the USA, which shows the cross-species transmission. The study shows the conservation pattern, mutation, and epitopes of two surface proteins, HA and NA. On the other hand, we depicted some significant mutations in different proteins during the outbreak. We found about 11 B-cell epitopes of HA, 15 B-cell epitopes of NA protein, and a possible epitope patch in A-chain of HA. These results suggest that the epitope might be effective for vaccine design against circulating HPAI strain A(H5N1) virus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144851771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular identification of sex in date palm using PCR: a study from Gujarat, India","authors":"Mansi Jani,&nbsp;Haidar Abbas Masi,&nbsp;Chaitanya Joshi,&nbsp;Fenil Patel,&nbsp;Madhvi Joshi","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2025.100558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The date palm (<em>Phoenix dactylifera L.</em>) is a dioecious plant species characterised by separate male and female sex organs on distinct plants. Accurate sex determination of date palm seedlings holds paramount importance in augmenting fruit production by selecting female plants. However, conventional techniques for sex differentiation are labour-intensive and necessitate several years. In this investigation, a sex determination approach for date palm using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), employing a male-specific primer targeting Glycerol-3 Phosphate Acetyltransferase (GPAT3), as the marker for male identification along with LOX5.1 as a positive control to validate the amplification process. GPAT3 is acknowledged for its pivotal role in male fertility. Our work reveals that GPAT3 amplification exclusively transpired in male date palm samples, whereas female samples exhibited no amplification of GPAT3. Consequently, the presence of two distinct PCR bands signifies a male plant, whereas a single band designates a female plant. To ascertain the effectiveness of these primers, 280 date palm samples obtained from various regions of Gujarat, India and successfully ascertained the sex of each specimen. This PCR-based sex determination method provides a swift and dependable means of early-stage sex identification in date palms in Gujarat, thereby facilitating enhanced date palm cultivation practices and heightened fruit production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100558"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144841060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}