Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Propolis alleviates brain tissue damage and oxidative abnormalities in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes","authors":"Ahmed M. Ashour","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100760","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"24 3","pages":"Article 100760"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148984239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taxonomic composition and predicted functional potential of the sputum bacterial microbiome in Iraqi patients with bronchiectasis using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing","authors":"Maryam Hadi,&nbsp;H. Halah Al-Haideri","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by persistent airway inflammation and recurrent infections. Although alterations in the airway microbiome have been reported, data from Middle Eastern populations remain limited. This study aimed to characterize the sputum bacterial microbiome and predict its functional potential in Iraqi patients with bronchiectasis using 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) amplicon sequencing. Sputum samples were collected from 28 patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis and 10 healthy individuals. Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were inferred using DADA2, taxonomic assignment was performed against the SILVA (v138.2) database, and alpha and beta diversity were assessed. Differential abundance was analysed using ALDEx2, and predicted functional profiles were inferred using Tax4Fun2 based on KEGG pathways. Taxonomic profiling identified 24 bacterial genera across seven phyla. Sputum microbiota was dominated by <em>Pseudomonas</em>, <em>Streptococcus</em>, <em>Neisseria</em>, and <em>Haemophilus</em>, with descriptive differences in the relative abundance of several genera between bronchiectasis and healthy controls. However<em>,</em> no significant differences were observed in alpha diversity, beta diversity, differential abundance after Benjamini-Hochberg correction, or predicted KEGG pathway abundances between groups in Iraqi patients with bronchiectasis using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Although compositional trends were observed, no statistically significant differences in microbial diversity, differential abundance, or predicted functional pathways were detected. These findings provide a baseline for future larger, longitudinal studies investigating the airway microbiome in bronchiectasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100810"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148953452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational evaluation of novel Schiff base compounds targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis","authors":"Akshata Menasinakai,&nbsp;Pradeepkumar M. Ronad,&nbsp;A.H.M. Viswanatha Swamy","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Aim</h3><div>Tuberculosis remains a major global health concern and continues to pose significant challenges to global public health. Key enzymes involved in mycobacterial cell wall biosynthesis, including DprE1, InhA, KasA, MmpL3, and LdtMt2, represent attractive therapeutic targets for anti-tubercular drug discovery. The present study aimed to evaluate the binding potential of newly designed coumarin Schiff base derivatives against selected <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> protein targets using molecular docking to identify compounds for further investigation as potential anti-tubercular candidates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Novel Schiff base derivatives were evaluated for oral drug-likeness using Lipinski's rule and in silico ADMET/toxicity profiling. Protein structures were validated using Ramachandran plots, and active-site residues were identified. Molecular docking analysis was performed against five tuberculosis-associated protein targets (4P8T, 2NSD, 2WGD, 7NVH, and 5 DC2) to assess binding affinities and interaction profiles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Docking studies revealed that SB5, SB13, and SB21 exhibited favorable binding interactions with all selected targets through hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic interactions involving key residues such as HIS, TYR, SER, ASN, and GLY. Among these, SB21 demonstrated comparatively better binding energies (−10.3 to −8.1 kcal/mol), particularly against 2NSD (−10.5 kcal/mol), along with favorable in silico toxicity characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SB5, SB13, and SB21 emerged as promising preliminary anti-tubercular lead candidates. However, further validation through molecular dynamics simulations and experimental studies is required to confirm their therapeutic relevance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100800"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149043867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular vesicles from breast cancer cells carry proliferation-associated miRNA-mRNA networks under nutrient stress","authors":"Dhananjay B. Alagundagi,&nbsp;Raushan Kumar Chaudhary,&nbsp;Athira C. Rajeev,&nbsp;Mahima Rachel Thomas,&nbsp;Amod Kulkarni,&nbsp;Praveenkumar Shetty,&nbsp;Prakash Patil","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from any cell type carry diverse cargo, including proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, metabolites, and organelles, which exert multifaceted functions in recipient cells. The present study investigated changes in EV-associated miRNAs in breast cancer (BC) cells under serum starvation and explored potential miRNA-mRNA regulatory relationships. The small RNA sequencing dataset from plasma-derived EVs of BC patients (GSE270497) was analyzed for differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs). Target mRNA prediction, protein-protein interaction network analysis, hub gene identification, and validation of public transcriptomic datasets were employed to prioritize candidate regulatory molecules. EVs were isolated from the MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cell lines. Selected miRNAs and target transcripts were evaluated by RT-qPCR in BC cells and their EVs under normal and serum-starvation conditions.</div><div>We identified 25 DE-miRNAs and 3720 predicted target genes. In silico analyses prioritized PRKACB and ESR1 among the hub genes. The enriched pathways included MAPK, PI3K-Akt, and Ras signaling. Neither PRKACB nor ESR1 showed any significant association with patient survival. Hsa-miR-548v and hsa-miR-601 displayed variable expression patterns across cancer types. Nanoparticle tracking analysis showed EV particle sizes ranging from 150 to 210 nm. RT-qPCR analysis showed relatively abundant levels of hsa-miR-548v and PRKACB transcripts in EVs from both BC cell lines. In contrast, hsa-miR-601 showed higher intracellular abundance, whereas ESR1 transcripts were not detected in cells or EVs.</div><div>Overall, our findings indicate differential sorting and abundance of selected miRNAs and mRNAs in EVs under serum-starvation conditions and identify hsa-miR-548v, hsa-miR-601, and PRKACB as candidate components of an EV-associated regulatory network.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100838"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149199791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of GATA gene family in response to salt stress in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)","authors":"Sk Shoaibur Rahaman,&nbsp;Jibon Chandro Roy,&nbsp;Khandker Shazia Afrin,&nbsp;Nasar Uddin Ahmed,&nbsp;Md Abdur Rahim","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>GATA transcription factors (TFs) are characterized by the existence of a type IV zinc-fingered structure. This TF family plays a significant role in growth and development, and in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. The <em>GATA</em> gene family has been well characterized in various plant species but remains unexplored to date in sesame (<em>Sesamum indicum</em> L.). This research aims to conduct a comprehensive genome-wide analysis, characterization, and expression profiling of the <em>GATA</em> gene family in sesame under salt stress, using systematic bioinformatics tools and ‘quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction’ (qRT-PCR). A total of 23 <em>SiGATA</em> genes were identified and categorized into five sub-groups via an extensive phylogenetic analysis. The CDS and intron numbers of <em>SiGATA</em> genes varied from 1 to 13 and 0 to 12, respectively. The length of SiGATA proteins varied from 119 aa to 822 aa. Gene duplication analysis predicted four duplication pairs in the <em>SiGATA</em> gene family. The expression of <em>SiGATA</em> genes was analyzed using both publicly available RNA-seq data (RPKM values) and qRT-PCR data obtained under salt stress in sesame. Five genes (<em>SiGATA2, SiGATA3, SiGATA4, SiGATA6,</em> and <em>SiGATA12</em>) were selected through RNA-seq-based expression to further validate expression pattern using qRT-PCR under salt stress, where all five selected <em>SiGATA</em> transcripts demonstrated strong upregulation at 12 h before their expression levels sharply decreased at 24 h. Among them, <em>SiGATA6</em> exhibited the highest upregulation at 12 h. This research highlights the potential to develop climate-resilient sesame cultivars with enhanced productivity in saline areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149199780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cuproptosis-related genes reveal related typing, prognosis, and immunological features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A comprehensive landscape assessed through machine learning algorithms, risk model construction, and verification","authors":"Ziwei Gong,&nbsp;Binbin Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cuproptosis, a recently identified cell death form, is closely associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a debilitating neurological disease characterized by motor neuron degeneration. This study investigated the potential involvement of Cuproptosis-Related Genes (CRGs) in ALS pathogenesis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The ALS-related peripheral blood dataset (GSE112681) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to identify CR-DEGs, followed by enrichment analysis. CIBERSORT algorithm and correlation analysis revealed the immune cell infiltration in ALS patients and the correlation between immune cells and CR-DEGs. Machine learning algorithms were used to identify key CR-DEGs, perform GSEA, and construct a risk model. Reverse Transcription Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression level of key CR-DEGs. Consensus clustering analysis was used to divide 397 ALS patients into two subclusters (C1 and C2) based on key CR-DEGs. Multivariate Cox regression analyzed clinical attributes and survival. Model accuracy was validated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and two external datasets.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eight CR-DEGs including Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Like 2 (NFE2L2), Ferredoxin 1 (FDX1), Lipoyltransferase 1 (LIRT1), Glutaminase (GLS), and Dihydrolipoamide S-Succinyltransferase (DLST) involved in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and various mitochondrial metabolic pathways, were identified. Various types of immune cells infiltrated in the peripheral blood of ALS patients, which was correlated with CR-DEGs. Machine learning algorithms identified five key CR-DEGs enriched in multi-substance metabolism, immune- and ALS-related pathways. The nomogram constructed based on CR-DEGs highly predicted ALS incidence risk and prognosis. RT-qPCR results indicated that compared to normal individuals, the expression levels of NFE2L2, FDX1, and LIPT1 were increased in the peripheral blood of ALS patients, whereas those of GLS and DLST were decreased. Subsequently, GSEA results demonstrated significant upregulation of cuproptosis, apoptosis, multiple immune responses, and substance metabolism pathways in C1, which corresponded to a shortened survival period. Conversely, C2 exhibited upregulation of the myogenesis pathway, indicating a relatively favorable prognosis. The nomogram confirmed cuproptosis as a significant prognostic risk factor, especially for ALS patients with early- and bulbar-onset symptoms. Nomogram based on cuproptosis levels accurately predicted ALS prognosis and survival.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study offers initial insights into the association between CR-DEGs and ALS and presents a risk prediction model for future investigations into ALS mechanisms and potential biomarkers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100835"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149199828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active site engineering of recombinant human paraoxonase 1 for enhancing its catalytic efficiency against V-type nerve agent analog- Demeton S","authors":"Manik Goel,&nbsp;Pulkita Pandey,&nbsp;Subhashree Sahu,&nbsp;Rinkoo Devi Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human Paraoxonase 1 (HuPON1) is a calcium-dependent serum enzyme with broad substrate specificity and therapeutic potential for detoxifying the organophosphates, including nerve agents. The V-type nerve agents are the most toxic synthetic organophosphates, with high lethality and environmental persistence, necessitating the development of an efficient catalytic bioscavenger for their detoxification. However, HuPON1 exhibits promiscuous hydrolytic activity towards various organophosphates; its catalytic efficiency against V-type nerve agents and its analogs remains extremely low. In this study, a structure-guided active site engineering approach was used to enhance the catalytic efficiency of recombinant HuPON1 against Demeton S, a surrogate for the V-type nerve agent. The <em>in silico</em> analysis has identified key amino acid residues (H115, Q192, F222, and L240) for a mutagenesis study, and the residue F77 in the catalytic lid was selected to influence substrate accessibility and binding. Since the wild-type HuPON1 exhibits very low activity, the engineering approach was initiated using the active site H115W mutant, which showed ∼2.86-fold higher enzymatic activity against Demeton S, bringing its hydrolytic activity within a measurable range. The combinatorial mutations were constructed progressively, resulting in the generation of double, triple, quadruple, and quintuple mutants. These engineered mutants displayed a stepwise improvement in catalytic activity, with the quintuple mutant (H115W, F77I, Q192N, F222S and L240S) showing ∼10.6-fold higher hydrolytic activity and a ∼ 28.89-fold improvement in catalytic efficiency (<em>k</em>_cat/<em>k</em>_m). Furthermore, the protein retained 58% residual acetylcholinesterase activity and remained structurally and functionally stable in human serum. This engineered HuPON1 mutant demonstrated enhanced hydrolysis of Demeton S, a surrogate V-type nerve agent, supporting its development as a broad-spectrum catalytic bioscavenger against various organophosphorus compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100807"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148856005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision gene editing technology to modulate genes in oral diseases: Therapeutic applications and delivery strategies","authors":"Yihan Wang,&nbsp;Xuesong Li,&nbsp;Chunpeng Liu,&nbsp;Bing He,&nbsp;Yiming Liu,&nbsp;Qingyan Liu,&nbsp;Chenyu Liu,&nbsp;Daiyun Chen,&nbsp;Shufang Wang,&nbsp;Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oral diseases represent a significant global health burden. Given the limited therapeutic efficacy of conventional mechanical interventions and antimicrobial treatments, there is a critical demand for targeted, precision therapies. Gene editing has emerged as a revolutionary approach that modifies specific genes to alter cellular phenotypes, leading to significant advances in human medicine. This comprehensive narrative review evaluates the current state and developmental trends of gene editing, focusing on its transformative potential in oral disease management. This outlines the fundamental molecular mechanisms of the gene editing system and comprehensively synthesizes its cutting-edge therapeutic applications across diverse oral pathologies, including dental caries, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and maxillofacial bone defects. Furthermore, to overcome the unique anatomical barriers of the oral cavity, advanced biomedical delivery strategies—including physical methods, viral vectors, nanoparticle carriers, hydrogels, and fiber membranes—are critically evaluated. However, current evidence remains predominantly preclinical, and major translational barriers, especially safe delivery and off-target effects, must be overcome before clinical application. In conclusion, gene editing technology, particularly the CRISPR-Cas9 system, enables the targeted modulation of gene expression, offers deeper insights into oral disease progression, and facilitates the development of innovative therapeutic strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100830"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149153926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a novel multi-epitope monovalent vaccine against Hantaan virus using an immunoinformatics approach","authors":"Tahera Lasker,&nbsp;Foeaz Ahmed,&nbsp;Md. Shariful Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hantaan virus is a well-known causative agent of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) which is distributed broadly in the Eastern Asia, particularly in Korea, Russia, and China. Despite its significance, no FDA-approved vaccine currently exists for this virus. Therefore, this study aimed to design a novel multi-epitope monovalent vaccine against Hantaan virus utilizing an immunoinformatics approach, targeting the envelopment polyprotein and nucleoprotein. To develop potential candidate vaccines 6 CTL, 6 HTL, and 12 BCL epitopes were combined with suitable adjuvants, linkers and a PADRE sequence. V1 construct (MW: 39.2 kDa) is the best in length (373 aa), antigenic score (0.8426), and solubility (0.718) and it exhibits basic characteristics (Theoretical pI: 9.28), hydrophilic nature (GRAVY: -0.412), thermostability (Aliphatic index: 70.56), and significant stability (Instability index: 29.60). The secondary structure showed 20.38% alpha helix, 28.42% β sheet, and 44.24% random coil and the refined structure confirmed the validity. The vaccine could strongly interact with numerous MHC molecules and immune receptors of human, including DAF/CD55, integrins β₃, gC1qR, and protocadherin-1 (PCDH1) and exhibited minimal deformability. The optimized CAI value was 0.986 having 50.491% GC content. Finally, the vaccine was inserted into the pET30a (+) vector for expression in <em>E. coli</em> strain K12 to assess microbial expression as well as translational potency. However, <em>in vitro</em> experiments using model organisms is essential for experimental validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100821"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149153939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, synthesis, and biotechnological evaluation of Thiophene-based chalcones and Δ2-pyrazoline derivatives: Antibacterial, cytotoxic, and molecular docking studies","authors":"Inas S. Mahdi,&nbsp;Ghosoun Lafta Mohsen,&nbsp;Ahmed Mutanabbi Abdula,&nbsp;Abdulkadir M. Noori Jassim,&nbsp;Ayaat Hamdan Abd,&nbsp;Younis Baqi","doi":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jgeb.2026.100827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and cancer are among the most extensively studied areas that still require further improvement. In the present study, four new compounds were synthesized via Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction followed by ring closure, yielding pyrazoline heterocyclic derivatives bearing a thiophene moiety. The compound structures were confirmed using spectroscopic techniques, such as FT-IR, NMR, and GC–MS. These compounds were biologically evaluated for antimicrobial activity against two Gram-positive bacteria (<em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em>) and two Gram-negative bacteria (<em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>), and for anticancer activity against the human cancerous breast cell line (MCF-7). Tested compounds (1–4) exhibited antibacterial activity against the isolate strains, with MICs ranging from 128 to 512 μg/mL and MBCs from 256 to 1024 μg/mL. Compound 2 was the most potent inhibitor against MCF-7, with an IC₅₀ of 46.71 μg/mL (180.17 μM), while the other compounds were less active. Molecular docking against glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase and tubulin indicated favorable binding affinities, with compound 4 showing the strongest predicted binding energies of −8.0 and − 7.4 kcal/mol, respectively. Overall, these results provide structure–property information for thiophene-based chalcone and their 2-pyrazoline scaffolds, and a basis for further optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100827"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149153940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}