Vacunas最新文献

{"title":"The immunization questionnaire for understanding unwellness (TIQUU): Fun learning about vaccination using an innovative storytelling approach","authors":"Waqaas A. Butt ,&nbsp;Faizan G. Mustafa ,&nbsp;Zeeshan Ahsan ,&nbsp;Shaharyar Salim ,&nbsp;Hasan Nawaz Tahir ,&nbsp;Asad I. Mian","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Vaccination is a pivotal tool in public health. In LMICs like Pakistan, challenges hinder high immunization rates. This study addresses gaps in vaccination knowledge among school children through innovative educational interventions. The study aims to enhance vaccination awareness and contribute to health education discourse.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 4 private schools in Karachi, Pakistan, from February to May 2021. Children aged 8–12 years in grades 2–5 were enrolled. An interactive discussion on vaccine safety and immunization was conducted using a bilingual pictorial storybook. Group-I experienced traditional Urdu book reading, while Group-II engaged with a digital animated video in English. A pre-test was conducted to assess baseline knowledge about immunization followed by an interactive discussion and immediately a post-test. Test scores were analyzed using paired sample <em>t</em>-test using Stata 17.0 version.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study enrolled 400 students in Karachi, Pakistan. Both groups exhibited significant knowledge shifts regarding vaccine-related topics. Group-I (Analog Urdu) showed changes in understanding sickness reasons, vaccine timing, newborn protection, sports injury response, and memory impact. Group-II (Digital English) displayed shifts in illness understanding, recommended actions, injection and vaccine knowledge, safety perceptions, measles prevention, and management during sports injury. A statistically significant improvement in mean scores was observed.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>As a proactive and early strategy to alleviate the societal burden of under-immunization, cost-effective educational interventions can be integrated into school curricula. Our approach through bilingual pictorial storybooks and animated videos has been proven effective and helps one grasp immunization's importance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":"25 3","pages":"Pages 304-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141954298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The emerging applications of niosome as a nanotechnology-based approach in vaccine delivery","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanocarrier-based formulations such as niosomes are experiencing a rise in popularity owing to their substantial benefits over conventional formulations. Niosomes, which are novel vesicular systems, are composed mainly of hydrated amphiphilic molecules encompassing a variety of non-ionic surfactant classes. They have since emerged as a significant novel drug delivery system employed by numerous research groups for sustained and targeted deliveries. As well as conventional oral and parenteral administrations, biotechnological products can also be administered <em>via</em> transdermal, intranasal, ocular, and vaginal routes. The use of niosomes for vaccine delivery offers an interesting and promising area of research in the field of drug delivery. Furthermore, niosomes have demonstrated their efficacy as immunoadjuvants. This overview provides an extensive viewpoint on the emerging applications of niosomes in vaccine delivery which is a milestone in the immune-providing industry. A wide range of surfactants with diverse polar head groups, in addition to 1, 2, or 3 lipophilic alkyls, perfluoroalkyl, and steroidal moieties, can be used to generate the appropriate vesicular structures for encapsulating both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances. The techniques utilized for niosome preparation, aspects related to the stability of vesicles and the administration routes for these amphiphilic assemblies are also deliberated upon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":"25 3","pages":"Pages 374-384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141036936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social media as a supporting mechanism during COVID-19 in Indonesia: A quantitative study on isolation among elders","authors":"Mustain Mashud ,&nbsp;Muhammad Saud ,&nbsp;Rachmah Ida ,&nbsp;Asia Ashfaq","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>COVID-19 pandemic has posed mental health challenges for people from all walks of life, including the elders in Indonesia. Due to the wide-ranging effects of this pandemic due to various phases of smart, partial, or full lockdown, people worldwide have faced serious problems particularly with their mental health.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This quantitative study analyses the experiences of the general public particularly focused on elders, those who are in isolation due to the COVID-19 protocols and limited social or physical interaction within the society. For investigating the social support mechanism among respondents, we have gathered a sample of respondents who are elders and using social media. The data reflect the opinion of respondents on elders during this pandemic. A survey was designed to gather data from elders facing mental health issues and using social media platforms to seek information in Indonesia. An online social support scale, self-awareness and insight scale were deployed to measure responses to the issue at hand.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The data show that the elders had varied conceptualisations about COVID-19 relating to the pandemic, i.e., eating habits, fear of death, strengthening religiosity in eating practices, fear of interacting with people, and interaction patterns. Elders were restricted to their places and had limited physical social interactions, thus social media platforms have played a significant role in developing online interaction among elders, to speak and discuss their matters for coping with the issues of isolation and mental health.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The online media platform is considered a great support for elders to stay connected with families, friends, as well as with other communities. The study concludes that despite declaring the non-emergency status of COVID-19, elders have still suffered with long-term repercussions of this pandemic affecting their mental health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":"25 3","pages":"Pages 347-354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141954297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of neurological complication symptoms post-mRNA vaccination among the urban population of Makkah Province of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2023.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2023.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p><span><span>This research aimed to assess the incidence of neurological complication </span>symptoms<span> among residents of the Makkah province in Saudi Arabia following the rapid approval and administration of </span></span>mRNA<span> vaccines. Given the differences in demographic factors such as age, race, medical history<span>, and lifestyle among individuals, close monitoring of vaccine-related side effects becomes crucial, especially in mass vaccination campaigns.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p><span>A cross-sectional online survey study was conducted in both English and Arabic languages<span>, with a sample size determined using the Raosoft sample size calculator statistical analyzer. The study aimed for a 95% confidence level, a 5% margin of error, and a response distribution of 50%. </span></span>Descriptive statistics were employed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0. The Shapiro–Wilk test was utilized to assess data normality, and the statistical significance of the data was determined using Pearson's Chi-Squared test and the Kruskal–Wallis test.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>The study included 846 volunteers aged 18 and above, all of whom had received mRNA vaccine in the Makkah region. Data were systematically tabulated and categorized for descriptive analysis. The study found <em>P</em>-values less than .05, and the summarized <em>P</em>-values were presented. The majority of participants (73%) were from the Taif area (32%) within the Makkah region.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study sheds light on the challenges faced by the population of the Makkah region in Saudi Arabia following mRNA vaccinations. Although some complications were reported post-vaccination, it is noteworthy that these challenges were effectively managed by the medical authorities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":"25 3","pages":"Pages 292-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135564424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decálogo de buenas prácticas en comunicación sobre vacunas entre pacientes inmunodeprimidos y profesionales sanitarios","authors":"María Fernández-Prada ,&nbsp;Rosario Cáceres Fernández-Bolaños ,&nbsp;José Javier Castrodeza-Sanz","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Communication between health professionals and patients remains a challenge from the point of view of health education and health care. Training in patient-professional communication techniques and improving the communication skills of healthcare professionals is of particular interest. This document aims to share with the healthcare professional community the “Decalogue of good practices in vaccine communication between immunocompromised patients and healthcare professionals”. A QR code is included at the end of the document where the Decalogue can be downloaded for its use and distribution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":"25 3","pages":"Pages 420-423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141954280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importancia de las agencias reguladoras nacionales y los laboratorios nacionales de control ante la pandemia de COVID-19: experiencia de la Comisión Federal para la Protección contra Riesgos Sanitarios (COFEPRIS)","authors":"Imelda Rocío Guzmán-Cervantes ,&nbsp;Elías Parra-Hernández ,&nbsp;Alejandro Ernesto Svarch-Pérez ,&nbsp;Armida Zúñiga-Estrada ,&nbsp;Jorge C. Alcocer-Varela","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the National Regulatory Agencies (NRA). One of these challenges is the transfer and validation of new vaccine methodologies so that they are safe, quality and effective in protecting the population. In this article, we review the process that the Mexican NRA followed for the Vaxzevria™ and Convidecia® vaccines; where communication between manufacturers and NRA allowed the methodological transfer and validation to be carried out before the first batch for application was ready in compliance with WHO guidelines. In this way, the importance of the relationship that must exist between manufacturers and NRAs is manifested to provide an immediate response and provide the population with a means of protection in the event of a public health emergency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":"25 3","pages":"Pages 424-427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141954281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 RBD antibody titers generated by the protein subunit vaccine Abdala in breast milk","authors":"Maylin Pérez-Bernal ,&nbsp;Carlos Hernández ,&nbsp;Rafael Ibargollín ,&nbsp;Midalis Martínez ,&nbsp;Migdiala Soria ,&nbsp;Magali Delgado ,&nbsp;Dayamí Dorta ,&nbsp;Enrique Pérez ,&nbsp;José M. Sánchez-Ríos","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>In this work, we investigate the presence of antibodies against OmicronBA.5 RBD in breast milk from puerperal women, vaccinated during pregnancy with the protein subunit vaccine Abdala, based on the Wuhan-Hu-1 RBD.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Breast milk samples were collected between September 30 and November 25, 2021, from 2 groups of participants: 5- and 9-weeks after the third dose of the vaccine. Antibody titers against OmicronBA.5 RBD and Wuhan-Hu-1 RBD were evaluated simultaneously by a homemade ELISA<em>.</em> The relationship of antibody titers with the parity at the beginning of vaccination and with the participants health status was assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Binding of OmicronBA.5 RBD, such as Wuhan-Hu-1, to IgA and IgG antibodies was detected in all breast milk samples, although the anti-RBD-Wuhan-Hu-1 titers were higher. The immune response to OmicronBA.5 could be related to the glycosylation of the Abdala RBD, expressed in <em>Pichia pastoris</em>, which contributes to the immunogenicity and to the exposure of epitopes that are conserved in pandemic variants, such as Omicron. Antibody titers against both RBDs were lower in participants with chronic diseases and in multiparous.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This is the first report of simultaneous detection of antibody titers, against the Wuhan-Hu-1 RBD and OmicronBA.5 RBD, in breast milk from puerperal women vaccinated with 3 doses a COVID-19 protein subunit vaccine. There is a tendency to decrease the antibody response after vaccination, due to chronic diseases and multiparity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":"25 3","pages":"Pages 331-339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141954349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Un sistema inmune en guardia frente al neumococo","authors":"Cristina Ruiz-Ruiz ,&nbsp;Esther Redondo Margüello","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pneumococcus is a common colonizer of the human nasopharynx. However, it can also cause human diseases such as otitis or pneumonia, which may progress into invasive forms such as bacteremic pneumonia, meningitis or sepsis. This bacterium reaches and establishes itself in the nasopharynx through different mechanisms, which include evasion of the host immune system. Moreover, certain factors such as the coinfection with viruses favor colonization, as well as the ability of pneumococcus to cause diseases. Our immune system responds to pneumococcal colonization and infection through the innate and adaptive responses, which can be stimulated by pneumococcal vaccines. In the following article, we will briefly review the mechanisms of pneumococcal infection and how our immune system responds to it; as well as the immune response generated after vaccination and its impact on the prevention of pneumococcal disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":"25 3","pages":"Pages 415-419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1576988724000475/pdfft?md5=60138af1b6455603d81f759a47fe5840&pid=1-s2.0-S1576988724000475-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141691936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Musculoskeletal and neuromuscular dysfunction due to covid-19 infection: A review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2023.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2023.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The emergence of the novel coronavirus-based illness, COVID-19, in late 2019 marked a watershed moment in modern history. Initially identified in Wuhan, China, this viral epidemic swiftly transformed into a global pandemic, affecting worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) officially labeled the virus as “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2” (SARS-CoV-2) and the ensuing disease as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on February 11, 2020. The spectrum of effects induced by COVID-19 encompasses a diverse array of conditions, ranging from sensory disturbances like anosmia and ageusia to more intricate manifestations, including headaches and, alarmingly, multiorgan failure and neuromuscular dysfunction, and even deaths were reported. COVID-19 triggers a vigorous inflammatory response characterized by the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. “Cytokine storm” significantly underwrites the worsening of the condition of patients, resulting in abnormalities such as ARDS. The major reason behind mortality from COVID-19 is respiratory failure instigated by ARDS. Throughout the early respiratory contamination, SARS-CoV-2 was hypothesized to target type-II pneumocytes lining the respiratory passage that specifically expressed TMPRSS2 and ACE2 receptors. The extra-pulmonary consequences of COVID-19 have been linked to the occurrence of these receptors in the skeletomuscular and brain tissues. As a result, it is condemning to comprehend the unique pathophysiological mechanisms behind the virus's manner of invasion in the tissues and also the disease's consequences. In this article, we focus on the complications caused by COVID-19 on musculoskeletal and neural tissues, the route of invasion, and the future perspective of dealing with the receptors whose expression leads to COVID-19 infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":"25 3","pages":"Pages 355-366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135762033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post COVID-19 era: Re-emergence of known and future (X) viral pathogens","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The world has successfully overcome the menace of Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic waves, nature has unleashed a new curveball in the years 2022 and 2023 with other highly infectious viral diseases. Understanding the origin and different transmission routes, evolution, the mechanism of their emergence, immune evasion, and vaccine research while dealing with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has advanced our scientific knowledge and public health infrastructure to address unknown future viral pathogens already underway. The current review briefly discussed the worldwide pandemics of Monkeypox (Mpox) and polio viral infection along with the origin theories of other global viral outbreaks post-COVID-19 era in 2022 and 2023 like Ebola, unexplained hepatitis in pediatric children, avian influenza, and Langya virus. The role of climate, biodiversity, zoonotic transmission, and trajectory of these viral infections. It also highlights the containment, preventive, and treatment strategies that are being developed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":"25 3","pages":"Pages 403-414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140278919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}