Vacunas最新文献

{"title":"Mecanismos inmunitarios innatos y adaptativos de las vacunas COVID-19. Efectos adversos graves asociados a la vacunación contra el SARS-CoV-2: una revisión sistemática","authors":"Rocío Morlanes Pallás","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The present review focuses on innate-adaptative immune stimulation by COVID-19 vaccines, especially by mRNA-iLNP vaccines. It describes iLNP and nucleoside-modified mRNA technologies, reverse transcription, inflammatory signals linked to reactogenicity, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-mediated vascular crosstalk, induced by systemic and spike protein, which mimic COVID-persistent. Finally, the connection between the manifestation of severe forms of adverse reactions to vaccination and molecular mimicry, the production of particular autoantibodies and the role of certain vaccine adjuvants are discussed in detail.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To identify articles that publish information on the adverse effects produced after the administration of COVID-19 vaccines in order to demonstrate their therapeutic potential in the treatment-prevention of disease; as well as to demonstrate the association of causality and temporal occurrence.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>Systematic review of the scientific literature published between July 2021 and July 2023, which analyzes all reports of inflammatory signatures of serious adverse effects caused by COVID-19 vaccines.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The systematic review identified 2033 records which, after a screening process according to the inclusion criteria and the elimination of duplicated papers, works with methodological problems and works without open access, were reduced to 58 articles, of which 50 articles are human models and 2 are cellular models.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results of this systematic review reveal the causal and temporal association of the various serious adverse events following administration of COVID-19 vaccines and the “peak effect” of COVID-19 vaccines is recognized.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139883270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of Omicron on the COVID-19 vaccines: A review","authors":"Pragya D. Yadav ,&nbsp;Deepak Y. Patil ,&nbsp;Rima R. Sahay ,&nbsp;Anita M. Shete ,&nbsp;Sreelekshmy Mohandas ,&nbsp;Velu Nair","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The moment SARS-CoV-2 seemed to be receding; there was an uncertain emergence of Omicron variant which rapidly spread to all the 6 continents of the globe. The large number of genomic mutations has helped Omicron to evolve and become highly transmissible and escape the natural or vaccine-induced immune response. Until now, the Omicron has evolved into 5 unique lineages namely BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4, BA.5, and over 1000 sub-lineages. Despite vigorous COVID-19 immunisation programmes, India has been constantly being affected with emergence of new Omicron variants. In contrast to recovered patients following vaccination and breakthrough cases following a second dose against the Omicron variety, our recent research of naive Covishield vaccines showed declining immune response. The finding of this study and other studies with Covaxin depicted less immune response against Omicron post second dose of vaccination. This necessitates the administration of a preventive dose to improve immunity. There was surge in the COVID-19 cases with BA.5, BA.4, BF.7, BQ.1, XBB, and JN.1 infection which has greater transmissibility and vaccine efficacy remarkably dropped. Hence along with administration of booster dose, there is need to tweak the currently available vaccines with these SARS-CoV-2 variants. These types of modified boosters could provide enhances protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140274104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of lymphocytosis among pertussis patients in Northwest Ethiopia","authors":"Solomon Taye Sima ,&nbsp;Debasu Damtie ,&nbsp;Belay Tessema ,&nbsp;Baye Gelaw ,&nbsp;Feleke Moges","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2023.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2023.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Pertussis is a severe and prolonged coughing disease caused by </span><span><span>Bordetella</span><em> pertussis</em></span>. In 2014, 24.1 million pertussis cases and 160 700 deaths were estimated worldwide in children less than 5 years old. Infection with <em>B. pertussis</em><span> is frequently characterized by a significant rise in the number of circulating lymphocytes. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess lymphocytosis among pertussis patients in Northwest Ethiopia.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among pertussis patients who met the clinical case definition for pertussis. The study was conducted from July 2018 through February 2019 and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 321 participants, and samples were analyzed using real-time </span>PCR<span><span> (RT-PCR). Blood specimens were collected from 321 study participants and total lymphocyte count was conducted using </span>hematology analyzer.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 109 participants were positive for <em>Bordetella</em><span> species. Lymphocytosis was found in 15/109 (13.8%) of the PCR confirmed pertussis patients. Of those 15 PCR confirmed participants with lymphocytosis, 8/15 (53.3%) had lymphocytosis grading ‘high’ (≥</span> <!-->2.81/μL) followed by 3/15 (20.0%) ‘moderately high’ (≥<!--> <!-->4.0/μL), and 4/15 (26.7%) had ‘very high’ (≥<!--> <!-->6.0/μL). Among PCR confirmed pertussis participants with lymphocytosis, 11/15 (73.3%) were less than 1 year old.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Despite other co-infections can cause lymphocytosis, this study showed that lymphocyte count could be used to rule out pertussis. Thus, in combination with other specific laboratory tests, lymphocyte count in pertussis suspected patients is recommended.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135604935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of magnesium sulfate on the gene expression of Bordetella pertussis (ptxP1 and ptxP3) strains and the incidence of whooping cough in Nineveh","authors":"Ali Adel Dawood","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The incidence of <em>Bordetella pertussis</em> infections in the Nineveh is affected by living conditions and the density of the population in specific geographic regions.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>This study amid to assess the monitoring pertussis in Nineveh between 2017 and 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This work focused on how MgSO4 impacts the activity of ptxP1 and ptxP3 genes in <em>B. pertussis</em> strains.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Mosul, Al-Baaj, and Sinjar recorded higher rates of infection compared to other regions due to population density. The expression <em>BfrD, ptxE, ptxD, ptxB, ptxA</em>, and <em>ptxC</em> was exhibited elevation when exposed to MgSO4 of 0 and 5 mM conc. On the other hand, <em>WbpT, VipC</em>, and <em>KpsM</em> showed high expression at a concentration of 50 mM of MgSO4. <em>Pgm</em> demonstrated elevated expression across all concentrations of MgSO4 for the ptxP1 strain, while maintaining consistently low expression for the ptxP3 strain. The potential of <em>Pgm</em> as a distinct marker, effectively distinguishing between the 2 strains of <em>B. pertussis</em>. This approach will allow for a more detailed exploration of the variations between bacterial strains regarding their genetic responses to MgSO4 concentrations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Data analysis of microarray was indicated that ptxP3 strains are less affected by the inhibitory effects of sulfate root on undesirable gene expression. This investigation may lead for further studies into the role of sulfite root in pertussis's pathogenicity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139967070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brotes de tosferina en 2024. ¿Se puede mejorar la estrategia de vacunación?","authors":"Fernando Moraga-Llop","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacun.2024.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140815918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"Sunil Kumar Verma ,&nbsp;Minakshi Pandey ,&nbsp;Renu Khare ,&nbsp;Devendra Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Lung cancer is among the leading causes of death related to cancer globally, with NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer) accounting for about 85% of all cases. NSCLC is characterized by a complex genetic landscape, with multiple driver mutations and epigenetic<span> alterations that promote tumor progression and resistance to therapy. NSCLC is treated with </span></span>immunotherapy<span><span>, chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, or molecularly targeted therapy. However, a significant number of patients who had surgery are likely to experience local recurrence or </span>distant metastases<span>. Immunotherapy and targeted therapies have advanced rapidly in the last few years. Here, in this review, details related to NSCLC, its types, preventive measures, and risk factors, their </span></span></span>symptoms, method of screening, diagnosis, and related treatment, and the latest updates related to NSCLC are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139639261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing cholera vaccine scarcity in Turkey and Syria amidst earthquake situation: Call for an urgent action","authors":"Harendra Kumar ,&nbsp;Dattatreya Mukherjee ,&nbsp;Sumitaksha Banerjee ,&nbsp;Prashant Upadhyay ,&nbsp;Vagisha Sharma ,&nbsp;Moubani Dutta","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140758434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccination impact on long COVID sequelae; a perspective view","authors":"Farhad Dadgar ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Dehghani ,&nbsp;Farzaneh Peikfalak ,&nbsp;Masoud Keikha","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2023.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2023.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43508126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variantes genéticas rs1800629 en TNF y rs2228145 en IL6R: asociación con eventos supuestamente atribuibles a la vacunación e inmunización (ESAVI) y anticuerpos neutralizantes contra SARS-CoV-2 en la población del occidente de México vacunada con AZD1222","authors":"Axel Jair Villa-Panduro ,&nbsp;Narda M. Corona-Reynaga ,&nbsp;Dennis A. Meza-Peña ,&nbsp;Mayra Alejandra Enciso Ramírez ,&nbsp;Astrid Selene Espinoza García ,&nbsp;Jorge Galindo-García ,&nbsp;Berenice Sanchez-Caballero ,&nbsp;Elia Herminia Valdés-Miramontes ,&nbsp;José Francisco Muñoz-Valle ,&nbsp;Zyanya Reyes-Castillo","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2023.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2023.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>In this research, we evaluated the association of genetic variants rs1800629 in <em>TNF</em> and rs2228145 in <em>IL6R</em> with production of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and the frequency of adverse effects following immunization (AEFIs) in adult population from Western of Mexico that received AZD1222 vaccination.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>One hundred-seventeen adults were evaluated (33 years [23-40], 65% women). The self-reported frequency of AEFIs was recorded and the percentage of post-vaccination neutralizing antibodies was quantified. The identification of rs1800629 variant in <em>TNF</em> and rs2228145 in <em>IL6R</em> was performed by qPCR.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The genotype frequencies of rs1800629 variant were: GG (86%) and GA (14%), and for rs2228145 variant were: AA (20%), CA (48%) and CC (32%). The percentage of post-vaccination antibodies was similar between men and women (median, 97.24%). An association was found between the frequency of AEFIs with the sex; being adynamia (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0243), chills (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0085), arthralgia (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0227) and pain in application area (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0096) more frequent in women. The GA genotype of rs1800629 variant showed an association with fever (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0131) and arthralgia (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0058) post-vaccination, but no relationship was found with the production of neutralizing antibodies after AZD1222 vaccination. The rs2228145 variant was not associated with the production of antibodies nor with the AEFIs reported.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The genetic variants rs1800629 in <em>TNF</em> and rs222815 in <em>IL6R</em> are not associated with the production of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 after receiving AZD1222 scheme in population from western of Mexico; however, the results suggest that rs1800629 variant increases the frequency of post-vaccination events, particularly fever and arthralgia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139639564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Situación actual de las vacunas atenuadas intranasales frente al virus respiratorio sincitial en la población infantil","authors":"Jordi Reina ,&nbsp;Andrés Suárez","doi":"10.1016/j.vacun.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacun.2023.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the cause of acute respiratory pathologies (bronchiolitis and pneumonia), which occur preferably in the pediatric population in an epidemic manner. The only way to prevent these infections is through prior vaccination of children older than<!--> <!-->6 months. Of the different existing vaccines, attenuated vaccines, defined as those that contain an altered or modified virus to minimize its pathogenic capacity while maintaining its immunological response capacity, seem to represent an important advance. In recent years, two vaccine candidates based on the M2-2 gene deletion have been evaluated, those designated MEDI/ΔM2 and LID/ΔM2-2/1030s. In the study carried out in 21 seronegative children (6-24 months), they received an intranasal dose (10⁵ PFU) of the new vaccine compared to a placebo group. Eighty-five percent of those vaccinated developed a neutralizing antibody titer <!--> <!-->4 times greater than the previous one. The combination of the Δ1313 deletion with the NS2 deletion was shown to be better for the development of an attenuated RSV recombinant vaccine candidate (ΔNS2/Δ1313), with good protective results. A new vaccine candidate designated RSV/6120/ΔNS2/1030s was developed that is identical to the previous virus RSV/ΔNS2/Δ1313/I1314L but with additional mutations. Finally, a RSV with a single replicative cycle has been developed by eliminating the gene encoding the matrix (M) protein (RSV-M-null). Most of these vaccines are still in phase 2/3 and very good results are expected.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53407,"journal":{"name":"Vacunas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139456763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}