Importancia de la optimización de los calendarios de vacunación en el trasplante cardíaco infantil

Q3 Medicine

Vacunas Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.vacun.2024.07.002

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Abstract

Objective

Vaccination is the most effective preventive measure to reduce the risk of infection in patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment, such as heart transplant (HT) patients. The objectives of this study are to describe and evaluate the vaccination status of a group of pediatric HT recipients.

Material and methods

Retrospective descriptive study of 75 pediatric patients who underwent HT at a tertiary hospital between January 2000 and September 2020. Demographic, clinical (immunization before and after HT, and attendance to vaccination counseling consultation) and analytical (hepatitis A and B serology before and after HT) variables were collected.

Results

Patients > 12 months reached the HT with better vaccination coverage than those < 12 months: 78.9% versus 60.7% had a complete vaccination schedule (p = 0.15). Post- HT vaccination update rate is low; only 13.3% of patients had a complete schedule according to their age. A total of 13.3% of patients attended post-HT vaccination counseling consultation, being better immunized than those who did not (p = 0.01).

Conclusions

The evaluation and optimization of vaccination schedules of patients with HT remains suboptimal. A follow-up of these patients and their relatives in vaccination specialized consultations can improve the immunization status of pediatric HT recipients.

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优化儿科心脏移植免疫计划的重要性

目的接种疫苗是降低心脏移植（HT）等接受免疫抑制治疗的患者感染风险的最有效预防措施。材料和方法对 2000 年 1 月至 2020 年 9 月期间在一家三级医院接受心脏移植手术的 75 名儿科患者进行回顾性描述性研究。研究收集了人口统计学、临床（HT前后的免疫接种和疫苗接种咨询）和分析（HT前后的甲型肝炎和乙型肝炎血清学）变量：78.9%的患者接种了完整的疫苗，而 60.7% 的患者接种了完整的疫苗（P = 0.15）。高危人群接种后的疫苗更新率较低；只有 13.3% 的患者根据自己的年龄制定了完整的接种计划。共有 13.3% 的患者参加了 HT 疫苗接种后的咨询，其免疫效果优于未参加咨询的患者（p = 0.01）。对这些患者及其亲属进行疫苗接种专业咨询随访，可以改善小儿高血压患者的免疫状况。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Vacunas Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

138

审稿时长

62 days

期刊介绍： Sin duda una de las mejores publicaciones para conocer los avances en el campo de las vacunaciones preventivas, tanto en el ámbito de la investigación básica como aplicada y en la evaluación de programas de vacunaciones. Su alta calidad y utilidad la ha llevado a estar indexada en los prestigiosos índices IME y SCOPUS.