Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial最新文献

{"title":"El sentido de comunalidad y la lucha del pueblo Mixe/ The meaning of communality and the struggle of the the Mixe people","authors":"Edith Barrera Pineda","doi":"10.17141/eutopia.11.2017.2555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/eutopia.11.2017.2555","url":null,"abstract":"Desde de la epoca de la Conquista hasta nuestros dias, los pueblos originarios han sido objeto de represion y violencia. Hoy, dichas tacticas continuan el proceso de asimilacion occidental, la sistematizacion de la discriminacion racial y economica, el despojo de sus territorios, el desplazamiento de las comunidades indigenas por practicas economicas extractivas (solo por mencionar algunas). De ahi, que el presente articulo retoma la propuesta de dos ideologos indigenas: Floriberto Diaz (Mixe) y Jaime Martinez (Zapoteca) en la re-construccion de un marco conceptual como base del estudio de las comunidades de la serrania Mixe: Tamazulapam del Espiritu Santo y Santa Maria Tlahuitoltepec. La conceptualizacion que abordan ambos autores de comunalidad, nos ayudara a comprender la lucha cotidiana de los pueblos Ayuuk-Mixes ante los diferentes y constantes embates tanto del Estado como del capitalismo-neoliberal. Igualmente, el estudio de comunalidad propone una decolonializacion del pensamiento, basado en una propuesta latinoamericana de resistencia a la episteme eurocentrica. Retomaremos la propuesta de autores como: Enrique Dussel, Walter Mignolo, Anibal Quijano y el indianismo de J.C. Mariategui. Creemos pertinente una re-construccion conceptual desde las realidades de los pueblos originarios como contrarespuesta, a la violencia de Estado como base para la supervivencia de los pueblos indigenas. Abstract Since the time of the Conquista, the indigenous have suffer systematically. Nowadays, the practice of violence and repression against the indigenous is constant, for example, the process of continuum assimilation of western culture, a systematic racial and economic discrimination, dispossession of their land, and economic exploitation. Therefore the present research proposes the analytical framework from two of the most representative indigenous thinkers: Floriberto Diaz (Mixe) and Jaime Martinez (Zapoteca), together, they created the study of communality, based on two indigenous communities located in the high hills of the Northwest in the state of Oaxaca, name: Santa Maria Tlahuitoltepec and Tamazulapam del Espiritu Santo. The conceptualization that both authors created, will help us to comprehend the daily stand of the Ayuujk-Mixes against the repression of the government and the neoliberal system. Thus the study of communality proposes to decolonialized the thought, based on a Latin-Americans resistance against the Eurocentric episteme. In this essay we will cited authors as: Enrique Dussel, Walter Mignolo, Anibal Quijano and the indianism of J.C. Mariategui. We believe that a conceptual re-construction from the different realities of the","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47304062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La común anomalía del ejido posrevolucionario. Disonancias normativas y mercantilización de la tierra en el sur de Yucatán.","authors":"Carolina Pecker","doi":"10.17141/EUTOPIA.11.2017.2621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/EUTOPIA.11.2017.2621","url":null,"abstract":"Resena del libro La comun anomalia del ejido posrevolucionario. Disonancias normativas y mercantilizacion de la tierra en el sur de Yucatan de Gabriela Torres-Mazuera Book review of The common anomaly of the post-revolutionary ejido. Normative dissonance and mercantilization of land in southern Yucatan by Gabriela Torres-Mazuera","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41261308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asalariados rurales en territorios del agronegocio: flores y brócoli en Cotopaxi","authors":"Martine Dirven","doi":"10.17141/eutopia.11.2017.2866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/eutopia.11.2017.2866","url":null,"abstract":"Si bien se observa en Ecuador un proceso de mercantilizacion de la mano de obra agricola desde principios del Siglo XX, es a partir de 1970 que, en la Sierra ecuatoriana, el auge de la ganaderia de leche genero una disminucion importante de la demanda de mano de obra, lo que fue una de las razones para la paulatina desvinculacion de hombres y mujeres del sistema de la hacienda. El predominio de un sector agricola polarizado y con relativa baja necesidad de mano de obra obligo a muchos jovenes a migrar o a emplearse en localidades cercanas en empleos no agricolas como la construccion, o distintos servicios.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42337971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defensa de bienes comunes naturales y decolonialidad: caso Xochicuautla, México/ Defense of natural common goods and decoloniality: the Xochicuautla, Mexico, case","authors":"Laura Díaz, O. Lara","doi":"10.17141/EUTOPIA.11.2017.2599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/EUTOPIA.11.2017.2599","url":null,"abstract":"El presente articulo intenta comprender las dinamicas provenientes de movimientos sociales latinoamericanos relacionados con la defensa de bienes comunes naturales. Ello, a partir de dos enfoques: las epistemologias del Sur y la perspectiva del pensamiento critico decolonial, para dar cuenta de las luchas y resistencias, asi como de las propuestas que emergen desde colectivos sociales que ven amenazados sus territorios por la actual ofensiva capitalista. Para ello, retomamos el caso de la lucha en San Francisco Xochicuautla, Lerma, estado de Mexico, al que consideramos un referente de los actuales movimientos sociales, en el contexto mexicano. De este modo, caracterizamos la lucha de la comunidad de Xochicuautla, para destacar como se articulan sus demandas, exigencias, alternativas, practicas y discursos con otros movimientos mas amplios que actuan en el territorio nacional, y como ello aporta a las construcciones teoricas latinoamericanas. En terminos metodologicos, recurrimos al analisis documental extenso, la revision y reflexion teorica, asi como al trabajo de campo en la comunidad de Xochicuautla. Abstract The present article tries to understand the dynamics from Latin American social movements related to the defense of common natural resources. This, from two approaches: the southern epistemologies, and the perspective of critical and decolonial thinking to account for the struggles and resistance, as well as the proposals that emerge from social groups whose territories are threatened by the current capitalist offensive. To do this, we return to the case of the struggle in San Francisco Xochicuautla, Lerma, estado de Mexico, which we consider as a benchmark of the social movements of the present, in the Mexican context. Thus, we characterize the struggle in the community of Xochicuautla, to highlight how their demands, requirements, alternatives, practices and discourses articulate to broader movements occurring in the country, and how this is a contribution the Latin American theoretical constructs. In terms of methodology, we use the extensive documental analysis, review and theoretical reflection, as well as field work in the community of Xochicuautla.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41260479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propiedad y territorio como (diferentes) bienes comunes. El caso de las tierras de comunidades en la costa norte peruana/Property and territory as (different) common property. Community lands on the northern coast of Peru","authors":"Alejandro Díez Hurtado","doi":"10.17141/EUTOPIA.11.2017.2851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/EUTOPIA.11.2017.2851","url":null,"abstract":"El articulo aborda el problema de la tierra comunal desde la perspectiva de los bienes comunes en los cambiantes y nuevos contextos contemporaneos. A traves del analisis de dos comunidades del norte del Peru, muestra los cambios en los contenidos de los bienes comunes como en las organizaciones comunales que los gobiernan. Se desarrolla primero el proceso de formacion de la propiedad comunal como bien colectivo, construido en el proceso de defensa de la tierra frente a las haciendas, analizando luego la problematica de la comunidad de Catacaos, sometida a presiones de titulacion de tierras agricolas y de vivienda, obligando a la comunidad a ensayar mecanismos de gobierno territorial. El caso de Sechura ilustra los procesos que se desencadenan cuando la comunidad recibe una renta por la tierra comunal, por derechos de uso del suelo para actividades extractivas, generando un nuevo bien colectivo que es motivo de disputa en el marco del desarrollo de reivindicaciones y defensa territorial que no pasa por la comunidad. Tratamos de mostrar que los cambios en los bienes comunes (hacia la titulacion, la rentabilizacion o la territorializacion) desencadenan crisis en las dirigencias comunales que pasan de logicas de gobierno a logicas de gobernanza de la tierra. Ademas, al involucrar otros actores en la disposicion sobre los bienes comunes, estos pueden ser considerados como semi-comunes o semi-publicos. Abstract This article addresses the problem of communal land from the perspective of common goods in the changing and new contemporary contexts. Through the analysis of two communities in northern Peru, shows the changes in the contents of the common goods as in the communal organizations that govern them. The process of formation of communal property is first developed as a collective good, built in the process of defending the land against the haciendas. Then the case of community of Catacaos, shows how the pressures of titling agricultural land and housing land, are forcing the community to test territorial governance mechanisms. The case of Sechura illustrates the processes that are triggered when the community receives a rent for communal land, for land use rights for extractive activities. That generating a new collective good disputed and a development of claims and defense the territory without the community. We try to show how changes in common goods (towards titling, profitability or territorialization) trigger crises in communal leaderships that go from logics of government to logics of land governance. In addition, by involving other actors in the provision on common goods, these goods can be considered as semi-common or semi-public.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46537337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El desarrollo territorial, ¿una trampa para los campesinos peruanos?","authors":"Ëvelyne Mesclier","doi":"10.17141/eutopia.10.2016.2554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/eutopia.10.2016.2554","url":null,"abstract":"Segun las estadisticas, los campesinos peruanos son mas numerosos que nunca y controlan una parte importante de la superficie agropecuaria del pais. Los estudios cualitativos muestran que, aparte de regular el acceso a la tierra, sus organizaciones manejan tambien otros aspectos de la vida social y economica en los territorios delimitados por sus propiedades colectivas. A nivel nacional, en cambio, sus intereses estan debilmente representados y las politicas de las ultimas decadas les han sido contrarias. El articulo discute la posibilidad de que el modelo de desarrollo territorial experimentado por el pais desde los anos 2000 pueda serles mas favorable, gracias a una potencial concordancia con su propia escala geografica de accion. El caso estudiado, en la region de Cusco, muestra que los municipios toman en cuenta su existencia pero no confian en ellas para el desarrollo de su localidad. Ademas los planes de desarrollo tienden a apoyarse en los grandes proyectos regionales antes que en la agricultura campesina, sobre todo a nivel regional. El desarrollo territorial aparece por lo tanto mas como una trampa que como una oportunidad para los campesinos, sobre todo en el caso de aquellos que disponen de menos capitales individuales.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48050561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Territorios campesinos vinculados a la agroindustria: un análisis de las transformaciones territoriales desde la economía de la proximidad. El caso de las comunidades lecheras en Cayambe- Ecuador.","authors":"Diego Martínez Godoy","doi":"10.17141/EUTOPIA.10.2016.2437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/EUTOPIA.10.2016.2437","url":null,"abstract":"This article seeks to analyze the process of social construction of the territory and the local possibilities of development existing in the case of the communities of Cayambe linked to the agro-industry. Will be explored how from the insertion to the market of peasant economies are generated transformations that point to a process of deterritorialisation. In this way, it is stimulating interest in rethinking the existing social organization from the perspective of struggle of actors in the socio-economic field and also incorporate the \"territorial proximity\" as an essential element for achieving a better positioning and a more balanced relationship between local and external actors.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67444150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultivos nativos y valorización simbólica del suelo rural de la Ciudad de México","authors":"Daniel De Jesús Contreras, O. IrmaLuzRamírezdela, Humberto Thomé Ortiz","doi":"10.17141/EUTOPIA.10.2016.2353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/EUTOPIA.10.2016.2353","url":null,"abstract":"Se presenta un analisis relativo al papel que desempenan los cultivos nativos en la preservacion del suelo rural de la Ciudad de Mexico a la luz de un caso concreto: la produccion de amaranto (Amaranthus spp.) en el pueblo de Santiago Tulyehualco, Xochimilco. A traves de la aplicacion del metodo etnografico se documentaron las \u0000practicas agricolas y culturales desplegadas por los campesinos para la conservacion de la diversidad fitogenetica de esta especie y para el uso racional de los recursos locales. Los resultados muestran que las practicas agricolas tradicionales, asociadas con la produccion de amaranto, sirven como mecanismos de preservacion y apropiacion del territorio, lo que al mismo tiempo refuerza el arraigo a los modos de vida del suelo rural de la ciudad y constituye una forma alternativa de entender el desarrollo, gestada desde los propios esquemas cognitivos de los campesinos.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67443394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reestructuración agraria y cambios socioterritoriales en Capayán (Catamarca, Argentina)","authors":"Rodolfo Dante Cruz, Lila Carrizo, Barbara Ruth Varela","doi":"10.17141/eutopia.10.2016.2362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/eutopia.10.2016.2362","url":null,"abstract":"The rural and agricultural territory of the district of Capayan has experimented evident changes, as a result of the socioterritory impact (economic, politic, spatial, ecological and demographic) provoked by agricultural companies established from the 90´s. The permanence of these companies was promoted by macroeconomic changes and agro-alimentary systems. Thus, this study is framed in a broad social context marked by the effects of modernization and the departmental agrarian structure. Specifically, we intend to consider, in a general way, the socio-territorial transformations (socioeconomic, sociocultural and sociodemographic) that occurs in the district of Capayan, in the province of Catamarca, to the strong process of rearrangement of agriculture initiated in the last decade of the past century. That involved to give an account of not only the emergency of a new territorial and geographical power of the companies, but also the unterritorialization and territorialization unfinished phenomena in rural and urban-rural areas. The changing dynamics has been setting a different rural territory, that produces significant territorial, economic and social asymmetries resulting from historical, ecologic, productive, economic, political stages of development and socioterritorial overlapped and unfinished.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67443440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ERVA-MATE, TRADIÇÃO E INOVAÇÃO: UM ESTUDO A PARTIR DOS SISTEMAS AGROALIMENTARES LOCALIZADOS","authors":"L. Chechi, P. Niederle, G. Schultz","doi":"10.17141/EUTOPIA.10.2016.2358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/EUTOPIA.10.2016.2358","url":null,"abstract":"Os estudos que abordam as especificidades locais de producao e consumo tem sido cada vez mais frequentes, principalmente apos um periodo em que as pesquisas se voltavam principalmente aos sistemas globais de producao. Neste sentido, este trabalho objetiva identificar e caracterizar as dimensoes e objetos de investigacao presente na abordagem SIAL, em duas regioes produtoras de erva-mate no sul do Brasil e a contribuicao destas dimensoes para compreender o surgimento de inovacoes em um setor que se mantem enraizado na tradicao. Para isso, foram entrevistados 22 gestores de organizacoes processadoras de erva-mate e 13 agentes locais. Os conceitos mobilizados possibilitaram compreender que a tradicao presente na producao, beneficiamento e comercializacao da erva-mate nao e contraria a dinâmica inovativa, mas se utiliza dessa caracteristica para desenvolver inovacoes. Ainda, o historico, a experiencia tecnica e a interacao entre os agentes, atraves de estrategias individuais e coletivas, e com seu conhecimento tacito, promovem nas regioes produtoras de erva-mate uma dinâmica propria, conciliando tradicao e inovacao.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67443429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}