{"title":"¿Innovar para resistir? La territorialización del Guaraná en la Amazonia (Brasil)","authors":"F. Pinton, M. Congretel","doi":"10.17141/EUTOPIA.10.2016.2404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/EUTOPIA.10.2016.2404","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, Brazil has experienced major transformations among which the strengthening of citizen participation in public policy development and innovative instruments for rural development such as on the one hand, \"the territories of citizenship\" formed in 2008 and on the other hand access to the geographical indications (GIs) scheme established in 2002. We consider these mechanisms as favorable to the institutionalization of specific territories where governance would break with traditional policies so that the valorization of localized agricultural resources ensure a secure access to the market. We discuss the particular case of the region of Maues (Amazonas), originally known as the land of guarana ( Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis ). This Amazon forest plant was domesticated by the Satere-Mawe people before spreading in the region and to other Brazilian states. Apart from its valorization within classic production chains, we show that guarana is the object of appropriation struggles by different groups aiming at reinscribing it in its territory of origin. Access to GIs finds itself at the heart of a multifaceted territorialization process of guarana in which different actors face each other, are excluded or coordinate to defend their specialization.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67443449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Territorios rurales entre crisis y perspectivas de desarrollo territorial con autonomía: la agricultura campesina (agro)ecológica","authors":"M. Saquet","doi":"10.17141/EUTOPIA.10.2016.2410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/EUTOPIA.10.2016.2410","url":null,"abstract":"Our main goal is to understand the agro-ecological peasant agriculture through notions of territoriality and temporality from the 1990s, in Southwest Parana (Brazil), in a territorial approach. The procedures are the bibliographical and documentary research, questionnaires, surveys, collection and analysis of agricultural data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) related to the municipalities in this study, photographic records and cartographic representations. We verified that the agro-ecological production is very small, although, very diverse and important for the rural family economy, being performed by workers from each family, with rudimentary techniques. Rural establishments are also few and small; marketing is done predominantly in local markets through open air markets and farmers are well organized politically in NGOs and farmer associations.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67443473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"El Desarrollo Territorial. Una respuesta emergente a la globalización","authors":"Etienne Bouchillou","doi":"10.17141/eutopia.10.2016.2533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/eutopia.10.2016.2533","url":null,"abstract":"Resena sobre el libro El Desarrollo Territorial. Una respuesta emergente a la globalizacion de Pierre Campagne y Bernard Pecqueur.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67444167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intermediación laboral en los mercados de empleo rurales en Uruguay","authors":"A. Riella, Paola Mascheroni Laport","doi":"10.17141/eutopia.9.2016.2062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/eutopia.9.2016.2062","url":null,"abstract":"Estudios recientes sobre el empleo rural han puesto de relevancia el creciente aumento de distintas modalidades de intermediacion de mano de obra y como estas van trasformando paulatinamente las relaciones laborales en el pais. Tomando como referencia estas investigaciones, en este articulo se observan las tendencias generales de la intermediacion laboral y se plantean algunas de sus posibles consecuencias en el mercado de empleo y las condiciones de trabajo en el agro uruguayo. En primer lugar, se realiza una breve presentacion de la importancia del fenomeno de la intermediacion laboral en el pais y su evolucion reciente. En segundo lugar, se desarrollan las principales modalidades de intermediacion laboral en cuatro subsectores agrarios (agricultura, esquila, forestacion, frutas para la exportacion), sus caracteristicas, agentes y efectos en las condiciones laborales. Por ultimo, en las conclusiones se destacan la importancia de las formas de intermediacion laboral en los mercados de empleo rurales y la centralidad que estas adquieren para el actual modo de desarrollo capitalista en el agro, permitiendo una mayor flexibilizacion de la produccion y una intensificacion del trabajo a traves de nuevas formas de organizacion del mismo y un mayor control social de los trabajadores, lo que implica tambien la construccion de un nuevo perfil de jornalero rural.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67444424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intermediación laboral en la agricultura pampeana argentina: trabajadores asalariados y contratistas","authors":"Juan Manuel Villulla","doi":"10.17141/EUTOPIA.9.2016.2028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/EUTOPIA.9.2016.2028","url":null,"abstract":"Este articulo estudia las singularidades de la intermediacion laboral en la agricultura pampeana argentina. Se analiza como y por que el contratismo de maquinaria agricola constituye una forma especial de intermediacion laboral entre los sectores dominantes del capital y los trabajadores asalariados del sector. El estudio de fuentes de primera y segunda mano demuestra que: a) la mayor parte de la produccion agricola pampeana esta concentrada por grandes capitales; b) tipicamente, esos capitales apelan al sistema del contratismo para organizar el trabajo productivo; c) la mano de obra predominante en las empresas contratistas es asalariada; d) la relacion entre esos grandes capitales y los trabajadores asalariados se opera mediada por firmas de contratistas. Por ultimo, se analizan las implicancias de este regimen sobre los trabajadores agricolas, en terminos de disciplinamiento laboral.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67444355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Esclavitud y libertad en el valle del Río Cauca","authors":"Alen Felipe Castaño Rico","doi":"10.17141/EUTOPIA.9.2016.2167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/EUTOPIA.9.2016.2167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67444479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sistemas de intermediación laboral en una región agroexportadora del noroeste mexicano","authors":"Christian Zlolniski","doi":"10.17141/EUTOPIA.9.2016.2027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/EUTOPIA.9.2016.2027","url":null,"abstract":"Desde la decada de 1990 se observa un resurgimiento de contratistas y otras formas de intermediacion laboral en el sector agroexportador de America Latina. Esquemas de intermediacion facilitan la flexibilidad laboral, reducen costos de mano de obra y contribuyen a aumentar la productividad mediante el uso de diversas practicas de control laboral. Este articulo analiza el crecimiento de distintos tipos de contratistas en el Valle de San Quintin, uno de los principales enclaves horticolas en el norte de Mexico. Se describe un sistema multidimensional de intermediacion con diversidad de contratistas locales, empresas de trabajo temporal, y contratacion de trabajadores temporales para Estados Unidos. Mientras el sector agroexportador implementa sofisticadas tecnologias de produccion y control para certificar la seguridad y calidad de sus productos, asistimos a la informalizacion de formas de intermediacion laboral que ocultan las formas de empleo de los trabajadores que las producen.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67444820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Los intermediarios laborales tradicionales como brokers culturales","authors":"K. S. Saldaña","doi":"10.17141/EUTOPIA.9.2016.2071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/EUTOPIA.9.2016.2071","url":null,"abstract":"En Mexico, los intermediarios laborales tradicionales en la agricultura han sido cruciales en la construccion de dinamicos emporios agroindustriales. Con base en evidencias empiricas se reflexiona sobre la dimension simbolica de su papel como enlace entre capital y trabajo, articulando espacios culturalmente diferenciados, ya sea como representantes o como traductores de codigos disimiles. Esta perspectiva puede servir para entender practicas laborales consuetudinarias del medio rural, pero tambien cambios asociados con los nuevos estandares de calidad del mercado global agroalimentario.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67444710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Labor Contractors, Coyotes, and Travelers: The migration industry in Latin America and the U.S. South","authors":"D. Griffith","doi":"10.17141/EUTOPIA.9.2016.2172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/EUTOPIA.9.2016.2172","url":null,"abstract":"During the 1990s, migration researchers in sociology and anthropology focused disproportionately on the idea of transnationalism, leading to investigations of critically important phenomena such as transnational parenting, diaspora politics and identity, flexible citizenship, social remittances, and other factors influencing the experiences of international migrants. This work also produced comprehensive ethnographic accounts of families and communities with attachments to places in two or more countries, profiling peoples who had forged dynamic relations between sending and receiving neighborhoods based on economic opportunities, cultural exchanges, and social networks. The argument presented here offers a slightly different perspective on transnationalism, examining managed migration and the migration industry that has emerged around labor contractors, human smugglers (coyotes), and travelers who routinely carry goods between migrant sending and receiving communities. While this industry facilitates transnationalism, like transnationalism it is ultimately a symptom of a process more comprehensive than international migration: capital’s desire for a highly flexible labor force that expands and contractsseasonally and in response to periods of economic growth and decline, is highly mobile, and is largely separated from reproductive settings.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67445029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"As distintas faces da intermediação entre capital e trabalho rural no Brasil","authors":"M. D. Moraes, Beatriz Medeiros de Melo","doi":"10.17141/EUTOPIA.9.2016.2158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/EUTOPIA.9.2016.2158","url":null,"abstract":"En las ultimas decadas, Brasil se ha establecido como el mayor productor mundial decommodities (soja, azucar, maiz, carne, cafe) y minerales (hierro, oro, plata, aluminio, entre otros). Para esta gran produccion, el capital se ha beneficiado de la movilidad laboral en los diferentes niveles-local, regional, nacional e internacional. Historicamente, existen profundas diferencias economicas y sociales entre las regiones. Asi, desde hace decadas, vemos los imagenes de miles de migrantes de los estados del noreste y el norte de Minas Gerais, para trabajar en las plantaciones de cana de azucar, cafe, naranja, asi como la construccion en el centro sur, en la silvicultura, minerales y productos relacionados con la ganaderia en el norte y centro del pais. En este escenario, los objetivos de este articulo se destinan: A) el analisis de las formas de mediacion entre el trabajo y el capital, teniendo en cuenta dos realidades: la existencia del trabajo forzoso, segun la interpretacion de los datos cuantitativos recogidos por el Ministerio de Trabajo y CPT; el trabajo asalariado en las plantaciones de cana de azucar del estado de Sao Paulo. B) Analisis de la agencia del Estado en cuanto a la produccion de normas juridicas acerca de una normativa EL Compromisso Nacional sobre el trabajo en la cana de azucar. Nuestro intento es que estos apuntes traigan contribuciones para las intervenciones del Ministerio Publico del Trabajo en el sentido de ejecutar las normativas laborales eliminando las practicas del trabajo forzoso y las formas degradantes existentes en el campo brasileno.","PeriodicalId":53329,"journal":{"name":"Eutopia Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67444461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}