Alzheimer''s and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring最新文献

{"title":"Online46: Online cognitive assessments in elderly cohorts-The British 1946 birth cohort case study.","authors":"Ziyuan Cai, Valentina Giunchiglia, Rebecca Street, Martina Del Giovane, Kirsty Lu, Maria Popham, Andrew Wong, Heidi Murray-Smith, Marcus Richards, Sebastian Crutch, Peter J Hellyer, Jonathan M Schott, Adam Hampshire","doi":"10.1002/dad2.70098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dad2.70098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Online assessments are scalable and cost effective for detecting cognitive changes, especially in elderly cohorts with limited mobility and higher vulnerability to neurological conditions. However, determining the uptake, adherence, and usability of these assessments in older adults, who may have less experience with mobile devices, is crucial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1776 members (aged 77) of the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) were invited to complete 13 online cognitive tasks. Adherence was measured through task compliance, while uptake (consent, attempt, completion) was linked to health and sociodemographic factors. Usability was evaluated through qualitative feedback.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study's consent (56.9%), attempt (80.5%), and completion (88.8%) rates are comparable to supervised NSHD substudies. Significant predictors of uptake included education, sex, handedness, cognitive scores, weight, smoking, alcohol consumption, and disease burden.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>With key recommendations followed, online cognitive assessments are feasible, with good adherence and usability in older adults.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>Online cognitive tasks have good uptake, adherence, and usability in older adults.Education, previous cognitive scores, and alcohol consumption predict consent.Alcohol consumption and weight are related to attempting an assessment.Sex, smoking, and disease burden are associated with completion.Protocol challenges and recommendations are identified through qualitative analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":53226,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer''s and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70098"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain-derived tau to measure treatment effect in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia.","authors":"Cassandra Marotta, Fernando Gonzalez-Ortiz, Michael Turton, Henrik Zetterberg, Peter Harrison, Christopher M Hovens, Benjamin Sinclair, Terence J O'Brien, Kaj Blennow, Lucy Vivash","doi":"10.1002/dad2.70123","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dad2.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Brain-derived tau (BD-tau) measures tau specifically from brain-derived sources and can differentiate Alzheimer's disease (AD) from other diseases. This study investigated BD-tau as a potential biomarker of treatment effect.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>BD-tau and phosphorylated tau-217 (p-tau217) levels were measured after treatment with an anti-tau drug in AD and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) clinical trials, and the association with total tau (t-tau), p-tau181_, and amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) was examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) BD-tau decreased after treatment in the AD cohort; however, no change was seen in bvFTD or p-tau217 in either cohort. CSF t-tau and p-tau181 correlated with BD-tau in AD (<i>r</i> = 0.9113 and 0.7746, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) and bvFTD (<i>r</i> = 1.0 and <i>r</i> = 0.79, <i>p</i> < 0.05). CSF BD-tau did not correlate with serum or plasma BD-tau in bvFTD.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>CSF BD-tau shows potential as a biomarker of treatment effect in AD but not bvFTD. Further research is needed to investigate this effect in blood-based samples and in other neurodegenerative diseases. <b>Trial registration</b>: ACTRN12611001200976, ACTRN12617001218381.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) brain-derived tau (BD-tau) levels decreased with sodium selenate treatment in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).CSF BD-tau levels did not change with sodium selenate treatment in bvFTD.Baseline CSF BD-tau correlated with CSF total tau (t-tau) and phosphorylated tau-181 (p-tau181) in AD and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD).Baseline serum and plasma BD-tau levels did not correlate with CSF BD-tau in bvFTD.CSF p-tau217 did not change with sodium selenate treatment in AD or bvFTD.</p>","PeriodicalId":53226,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer''s and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70123"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12140970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The classification of mild cognitive impairment or healthy ageing improves when including practice effects derived from a semantic verbal fluency task.","authors":"Felix Dörr, Loris Grandjean, Johannes Tröger, Jessica Peter","doi":"10.1002/dad2.70127","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dad2.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Practice effects are an improvement in task performance with repeated testing. Their absence may indicate compromised learning and may help discriminate healthy from pathological ageing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recorded semantic verbal fluency three times in <i>n</i> = 58 healthy older adults or patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (72.16 ± 4.83 years old, 33 women). We extracted speech features and trained a machine learning classifier on them at each cognitive assessment. We examined which variables were informative for classification and whether they correlated with episodic memory performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found smaller practice effects in patients with amnestic MCI. There was a 13% improvement in classification performance with features from the third cognitive assessment as compared to the first assessment. Practice effects correlated with episodic memory performance in healthy adults.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Speech features became more informative for classification when repeatedly assessed. They may be a promising tool for identifying individuals at risk of cognitive decline.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>In MCI, practice effects in verbal fluency tasks were smaller than in healthy adults.Smaller practice effects in MCI indicated compromised learning.Including practice effects improved the classification of MCI vs. healthy ageing.In MCI, practice effects were independent of episodic memory performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":53226,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer''s and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70127"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12136091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced plasma hexosylceramides in frontotemporal dementia are a biomarker of white matter integrity.","authors":"Oana C Marian, Sophie Matis, Carol Dobson-Stone, Woojin S Kim, John B Kwok, Olivier Piguet, Glenda M Halliday, Ramon Landin-Romero, Anthony S Don","doi":"10.1002/dad2.70131","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dad2.70131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Blood biomarkers are needed to facilitate new therapeutic trials and improve management of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). Since altered white matter integrity is characteristic of bvFTD, this study aimed to determine if plasma levels of myelin-enriched glycolipids are altered in bvFTD and correlate with white matter integrity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nineteen glycolipids were quantified in bvFTD (<i>n</i> = 31) and control (<i>n</i> = 26) plasma samples. White matter integrity was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived fiber tract density and cross-section (FDC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven lipids were significantly lower in bvFTD compared to control subjects, and seven were inversely correlated with disease duration, with C22:0 hexosylceramide most strongly correlated. FDC was lower in frontotemporal white matter tracts of bvFTD compared to control subjects, and plasma C22:0 hexosylceramide was significantly correlated with FDC of these tracts in bvFTD but not control subjects.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Circulating glycolipids may be a valuable biomarker of myelin integrity and disease progression in FTD.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>Blood biomarkers are needed for behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD).Plasma hexosylceramides are reduced in bvFTD cases compared with normal controls.Plasma hexosylceramides correlate with disease duration in bvFTD.Plasma hexosylceramides correlate with brain white matter integrity in bvFTD.Plasma glycolipids have potential as biomarkers of disease progression in bvFTD.</p>","PeriodicalId":53226,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer''s and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70131"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12136090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Referral patterns and diagnostic outcomes in an outpatient Australian tertiary cognitive neurology service: 2009-2019.","authors":"Antony Sutherland, Christopher Kyndt, David Darby, Maja Christensen, Fari Islam, Samantha M Loi, Amy Brodtmann","doi":"10.1002/dad2.70120","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dad2.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Young-onset dementia (YOD) and atypical dementias often experience diagnostic delays, particularly in outpatient settings where timely referrals are crucial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 10-year retrospective audit (2009-2019) of 626 patients at a specialist cognitive neurology clinic reviewed demographics, referral sources, and time to diagnosis. Data were compared between YOD and late-onset dementia (LOD), and with and without dementia groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-three percent of patients were diagnosed with dementia (mean age: 65 ± 11.9 years). Non-neurodegenerative conditions were more frequent in < 65 years (61%). Among YOD cases, Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia accounted for 40% and 34% of diagnoses, respectively, while AD predominated in LOD (65%). Language-variant dementias were similar between groups (14%). Diagnostic delays in YOD averaged 1 year longer than in LOD.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Higher YOD and language-variant dementia referrals to specialist services reveal diagnostic delays, underscoring the need for better referral and diagnostic pathways.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>Delayed diagnosis common in young-onset dementia (YOD) and atypical dementia.Specialist clinics see more YOD and language-variant dementia referrals.YOD has longer time from symptom onset to diagnosis compared to late-onset cases.Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) a more common diagnosis in YOD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":53226,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer''s and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70120"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12122257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alzheimer's and dementia: Diagnosis, assessment, and disease monitoring global, regional, and national burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (ADODs) and their risk factors, 1990-2021: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.","authors":"Fang Wang, Dongxin Li, Xuetian Gao, Xingye Zhang, Xuanying Shi, Youquan Guo","doi":"10.1002/dad2.70126","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dad2.70126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Aging populations globally lead to growing challenges in Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (ADODs). Tracking ADODs aids health strategies. To describe global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, death, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of ADODs in 2021, and analyze changes from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed ADODs using the 2021 Global Burden of Disease database, calculating estimated annual percentage change (EAPC), applying Joinpoint regression, and assessing risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 1990 and 2021, ADOD incidence, prevalence, deaths, and DALYs increased significantly. DALYs grew 295.45% and fatalities grew 167.72%. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) rose for both genders, with women generally higher but men showing steeper increases. ASRs correlated positively with Sociodemographic Index. Risk factor contribution to DALYs and death rose by 4.1%. In 2021, metabolic factors and high fasting plasma glucose most influenced ADODs.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The global ADOD burden has risen since 1990. Early screening, especially for elderly women, is crucial. Policymakers must act to reverse this trend.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>Based on Global Burden of Disease data 1990-2021, the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years due to Alzheimer's and dementia are depicted globally, regionally, and nationally.The effects of gender and age were explored.The contribution of different risk factors to the disease was studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":53226,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer''s and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70126"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value of fluid-based non-amyloid biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in a clinic-based cohort from South Asia.","authors":"Faheem Arshad, M M Samim, Paras Rohidas Borse, Ravi G Shankar, R Bharath, B H Gagantej, Pooja Mailankody, Subasree Ramakrishnan, Sarada Subramanian, Suvarna Alladi","doi":"10.1002/dad2.70129","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dad2.70129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The rising dementia burden and limited knowledge of fluid biomarkers in South Asians highlights this study's aim on evaluating their utility for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants with ADRD were recruited from a cognitive disorders clinic in India. We performed cognitive assessments and severity evaluations using standard tests. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NfL), total tau, and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) were quantified using a Simoa HD analyzer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 101 participants, serum GFAP and NfL levels were significantly greater in dementia participants (<i>n</i> = 70) than controls. Serum biomarkers significantly correlated with their corresponding CSF levels. Significant correlations were noted for serum and CSF GFAP and NfL in Alzheimer's disease (<i>ρ</i> = 0.492, 0.664) and between serum and CSF NfL in frontotemporal dementia (<i>ρ</i> = 0.727). Serum GFAP, NfL, and UCHL1 demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve = 0.765-0.806).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our results emphasize the role of fluid biomarkers in diagnosing dementia in low-resource settings in South Asians.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>Serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels were significantly greater in patients with dementia than in healthy controls.Significant correlation was observed between the serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels of GFAP, NfL, and total tau independent of the baseline demographics or co-morbidities, indicating their potential role in clinical practice.Serum biomarker levels were related to the severity of dementia.This is one of few studies on fluid-based biomarkers in diverse cohorts with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in the South Asian cohort with limited resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":53226,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer''s and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70129"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical utility of CSF Aβ38 in Japanese research and clinical cohorts.","authors":"Tamao Tsukie, Kensaku Kasuga, Masataka Kikuchi, Takanobu Ishiguro, Akinori Miyashita, Osamu Onodera, Takeshi Iwatsubo, Takeshi Ikeuchi","doi":"10.1002/dad2.70125","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dad2.70125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Previous studies have reported that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid beta (Aβ42/Aβ38) performs comparably to Aβ42/Aβ40 in predicting amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) positivity in White cohorts. However, this finding has not been validated in diverse populations. Moreover, the utility of CSF Aβ38 in diagnosing various neurological diseases has not been fully understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed CSF Aβ38, Aβ40, Aβ42, phosphorylated tau181, and neurofilament light chain in Japanese research and clinical cohorts with Alzheimer's clinical syndrome (ACS) or non-ACS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CSF Aβ42/Aβ38 predicted amyloid PET positivity comparably to Aβ42/Aβ40. The levels of CSF Aβ38 were significantly lower in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) than in those with other diseases.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We validated the high diagnostic performance of CSF Aβ42/Aβ38 in Japanese patients with AD. CSF Aβ38 reduction may be a characteristic feature of PSP and iNPH.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>The diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid beta (Aβ)38 was examined in Japanese research and clinical cohorts.CSF Aβ42/Aβ38 and Aβ42/Aβ40 showed comparable performance to detect brain Aβ deposition.CSF Aβ42/Aβ38 and Aβ42/Aβ40 discordant group showed a characteristic profile.CSF Aβ38 and Aβ40 were prominently decreased in progressive supranuclear palsy and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.</p>","PeriodicalId":53226,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer''s and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70125"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12100496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the association between mild behavioral impairment and plasma p-tau217: Implications for early detection of Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Maryam Ghahremani, Rebeca Leon, Eric E Smith, Zahinoor Ismail","doi":"10.1002/dad2.70119","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dad2.70119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mild behavioral impairment (MBI), marked by late-onset persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), may signal early dementia risk. While MBI is linked to previously established amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau biomarkers, its association with plasma p-tau217, a promising blood-based biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD), remains unexplored. Here, we investigated the association between MBI and plasma p-tau217 in dementia-free individuals from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MBI was defined using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) data. Linear regression assessed the association between NPS status and continuous p-tau217 levels, while logistic regression modeled the association between NPS status and p-tau217 positivity, using a study-specific cutoff. Models adjusted for age, sex, education, and cognitive diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 101 participants (mean age = 72.0 ± 6.5; 44.6% female), those with MBI had higher plasma p-tau217 levels (<i>β</i> = 36.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.2-82.0, <i>p </i>= 0.04) and higher odds of being p-tau217 positive (odds ratio [OR] = 3.06, 95% CI: 1.14-8.70, <i>p</i> = 0.03) than MBI- participants.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Findings support the role of MBI in AD risk stratification.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>Mild behavioral impairment (MBI) is linked to elevated plasma p-tau217, a specific Alzheimer's disease biomarker.MBI increases the odds of plasma p-tau217 positivity in dementia-free individuals.Findings support MBI as an early indicator for Alzheimer's disease risk.MBI assessment can improve biomarker-based screening and clinical trial efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":53226,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer''s and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70119"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between language features extracted through NLP and clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment in Slovak.","authors":"Nataliia Casnochova Zozuk, Dasa Munkova, Livia Kelebercova, Michal Munk","doi":"10.1002/dad2.70122","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dad2.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD), affects language, especially lexical-semantic processing. Discourse analysis using NLP methods can aid early detection, but research in inflectional languages like Slovak is limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Speech samples from 216 Slovak-speaking participants (64 AD, 44 MCI, 108 HC) were collected using a picture description task and analyzed for lexical complexity using 15 NLP-based measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several lexical complexity measures, including GTTR, UBER, SICHEL, MTLD, HDD and others, significantly differentiated AD or MCI from healthy controls. Some measures (UBER, YULEI, HONORE) also distinguished between AD and MCI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lexical complexity metrics can serve as non-invasive linguistic indicators of neurodegenerative diseases, demonstrating diagnostic relevance for early detection of AD and MCI in Slovak.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>Lexical complexity metrics effectively differentiate between healthy controls, MCI, and AD in Slovak speakers.Measures such as GTTR, UBER, and HONOR exhibit strong diagnostic potential for neurodegenerative diseases.Education significantly influences linguistic deficits, with higher education correlating to reduced cognitive decline.Findings underscore the importance of studying minority languages for advancing AD and MCI diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":53226,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer''s and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70122"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}