Marine Life Science & Technology最新文献

{"title":"Emerging role of lipid droplets in obscure puffer immune response against <i>Vibrio harveyi</i>.","authors":"Xiaorui Song, Yaxing Yang, Nan Cui, Tianying Lei, Xingkun Jin, Ying Huang, Yan Shi, Zhe Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s42995-025-00286-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42995-025-00286-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As dynamic and functionally active organelles, lipid droplets (LDs) mainly function in lipid anabolism, while recent studies showed that mammalian LDs also actively participated in innate immunity; however, the specific roles and regulation mechanism remain relatively unexplored, and the existing studies were mainly limited to mammals. In the present study, we first found that <i>Vibrio harveyi</i>, a serious pathogen in marine environment, could induce LDs accumulation in the liver of obscure puffer <i>Takifugu obscurus</i> on the histology, morphology and molecular levels, and the induction mainly conducted by promoting the synthesis of neutral lipids. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of LD proteins was significantly enhanced upon <i>V. harveyi</i> stimulation, and showed broad-spectrum characteristic. While the inhibition of LDs formation downregulated the expression of immune-related genes and immune signaling elements, highlighting the potential critical roles of LDs during the bacterial infection. The isolated LDs from obscure puffer liver were examined via proteomic analyses, and the data supported the conservative property of LDs from bacteria to humans, and revealed that numerous innate immune system-related components were enriched on the surface of LDs. These results will deepen the understanding of LDs biology and host immune defense mechanism, shedding light on the new strategies for the development of anti-infective therapies.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-025-00286-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":53218,"journal":{"name":"Marine Life Science & Technology","volume":"7 2","pages":"271-283"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rediscovery and morpho-molecular characterization of three astome ciliates, with new insights into eco-evolutionary associations of astomes with their annelid hosts.","authors":"Tomáš Obert, Tengyue Zhang, Ivan Rurik, Peter Vďačný","doi":"10.1007/s42995-024-00275-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42995-024-00275-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Astome ciliates live in the digestive tract of a broad spectrum of marine, freshwater, and terricolous annelids. In aquatic lumbriculid and criodrilid oligochaetes collected in Central Europe, we rediscovered three insufficiently known astomes: <i>Hoplitophrya secans</i>, <i>Mesnilella clavata</i>, and <i>Buchneriella criodrili</i>. Their morphology was studied using in vivo observation, protargol, and dry silver nitrate impregnation. Multiple nuclear and mitochondrial molecular markers were used to determine their phylogenetic positions and reconstruct their evolutionary history. According to our phylogenetic analyses: (1) mouthless ciliates isolated from annelids form a robustly supported monophylum within the class Oligohymenophorea, (2) the progenitor of astomes invaded the digestive tract of marine polychaetes during the Paleozoic era, (3) lumbricid earthworms likely served as a source of astomes for criodrilid, almid, and megascolecid earthworms, (4) the ancestral host of the earthworm-dwelling astome clade led an endogeic lifestyle, and (5) there were multiple independent transfers of astomes from endogeic to epigeic and anecic earthworms. These findings support previous views of the annelid phylogeny, suggesting that astomes reside and evolve in tandem with annelids for several hundred million years.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-024-00275-5.</p>","PeriodicalId":53218,"journal":{"name":"Marine Life Science & Technology","volume":"7 2","pages":"231-255"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential roles of the sirtuins in promoting longevity for larger <i>Argopecten</i> scallops.","authors":"Yang Zhao, Junhao Ning, Yuan Wang, Guilong Liu, Xin Xu, Chunde Wang, Xia Lu","doi":"10.1007/s42995-024-00269-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42995-024-00269-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Annual bay scallops are commercially significant bivalve species for fisheries and aquaculture, but their small size and severe inbreeding depression impede the development of their industry. Some interspecific hybrids of bay scallops and peruvian scallops show longer lifespans and significantly greater sizes, which may result from the longevity genes in the latter (7-10 years). Sirtuins (<i>SIRTs</i>) play pivotal roles in the genetic control of aging in various model species and human beings. However, the role of <i>SIRTs</i> in longevity has not been systematically studied in aquatic animals. In this study, different gene numbers, sequences, structures and tandem duplications of <i>SIRTs</i> were first identified between the two scallops through genome-wide analysis. Cloning and characteristics of the <i>SIRT1</i> and <i>SIRT6</i> ORFs revealed dramatic variations in amino acids between the two scallops, which may cause intrinsic differences in function for longevity regulation. In particular, the amino acid variations in the N-terminus may auto-regulate conformations, causing intrinsic differences in catalytic activity for longevity regulation. The robust expression of <i>SIRT1</i> and <i>SIRT6-2</i> in peruvian scallops suggested they may exert a role in extending the lifespan. Nutrient restriction (NR) could promote lifespan in terrestrial model organisms, and the <i>SIRTs</i> and their related genes responded to NR for longevity in scallops; peruvian scallops showed a higher ability of autophagy. This study provides potential biomarkers for breeding long-lived larger scallop hybrids for the sustainability of aquaculture. Moreover, the genetic variation during evolution in the two scallops provides a foundation for further research on the longevity function of the <i>SIRTs</i>.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-024-00269-3.</p>","PeriodicalId":53218,"journal":{"name":"Marine Life Science & Technology","volume":"7 2","pages":"284-301"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diverse marine <i>Vibrio</i> species convert methylphosphonate to methane.","authors":"Shu-Xian Yu, Xiaolei Wang, Yan Wang, Haonan Wang, Jiwen Liu, Wen Hong, Yunhui Zhang, Min Yu, Gui-Ling Zhang, Fabiano Thompson, Xiao-Hua Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s42995-025-00278-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42995-025-00278-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbial degradation of methylphosphonate (MPn) is an important pathway contributing to the 'methane paradox' in the oxic ocean. <i>Vibrio</i> spp. are suggested to participate in this process. However, little is known about the molecular basis, phylogenetic breadth and catabolic efficiency of methane production in <i>Vibrio</i> species. Here, 18 <i>Vibrionales</i> strains known to be effective in MPn demethylation were obtained. The most effective strains, i.e., <i>Vibrio gallaecicus</i> HW2-07 and HW2-08, can convert 70%-80% of amended MPn into methane in 5 days. Estimations based on quantitative PCR determination indicated that <i>Vibrio</i> spp. were influential contributors to marine methane production. Genes flanking the common <i>phn</i> genes suggested a divergent gene arrangement and grouped the <i>phn</i> operons into nine types. This was consistent with the phylogeny of <i>phnJ</i> and <i>phnL</i>. The <i>phn</i> operons of cluster I and II were identified frequently in <i>Vibrio</i> isolates and were common in coastal seas and the open ocean. Addition of MPn increased expression of the <i>phn</i> genes, as well as an unexpected gene that encodes an acyltransferase (<i>act</i>), which frequently occurred in cluster I-IV operons. This study provided experimental evidence and theoretical support for a further understanding that <i>Vibrio</i> spp. may play important roles in aerobic marine methane production.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-025-00278-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":53218,"journal":{"name":"Marine Life Science & Technology","volume":"7 3","pages":"492-506"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrophage and mitochondrion dual-targeting astaxanthin nanoparticles prepared by Maillard reaction for colonic inflammation alleviation.","authors":"Kangjing Liu, Xueying Tian, Siyuan Fei, Yukun Song, A M Abd El-Aty, Mingqian Tan","doi":"10.1007/s42995-024-00255-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42995-024-00255-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study demonstrated the design of whey protein isolate (WPI)-mannose (Man) conjugates with triphenylphosphonium bromide (TPP) through self-assembly to prepare macrophage and mitochondrion dual-targeting astaxanthin (AXT) nanoparticles (AXT@TPP-WPI-Man). The nanoparticles displayed spherical structures with a well-dispersed size of approximately 206.1 ± 39.2 nm, with good biocompatibility, stability, and targeting capabilities. In vitro experiments demonstrated the specific accumulation of AXT@TPP-WPI-Man in mitochondria and exhibited good targeting ability toward macrophages. The AXT@TPP-WPI-Man effectively reduced reactive oxygen species and preserved the normal mitochondrial membrane potential. The AXT@TPP-WPI-Man treated ulcerative colitis mice exhibited a 52.32% increase in colon length with significant improvement in weight loss, disease activity index scores, and reduced release of inflammatory cytokines. Immunofluorescence staining indicated AXT@TPP-WPI-Man alleviated ulcerative colitis by reducing M1 polarization in colonic macrophages while promoting M2 polarization. The dual-targeting AXT@TPP-WPI-Man has the potential to improve astaxanthin bioavailability, presenting a promising delivery method for the treatment of ulcerative colitis.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-024-00255-9.</p>","PeriodicalId":53218,"journal":{"name":"Marine Life Science & Technology","volume":"7 2","pages":"352-365"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms of Mmd2 gene in regulating growth of the Pacific white shrimp <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>.","authors":"Shuqing Si, Xiaojun Zhang, Yang Yu, Xiaoyun Zhong, Xiaoxi Zhang, Jianbo Yuan, Ka Hou Chu, Fuhua Li","doi":"10.1007/s42995-024-00273-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42995-024-00273-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growth of the Pacific white shrimp <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>, the most important farmed crustacean, has consistently been a focal point for breeders. Over the past decades, some candidate genes for shrimp growth have been identified. However, further research is needed to elucidate the molecular regulatory mechanism of these genes. <i>LvMmd2</i> was previously identified as a candidate gene that may inhibit the growth of <i>L. vannamei</i>. In this study, we analyzed the genotype and expression of the <i>LvMmd2</i> gene in a breeding family and indicated its role as a growth-inhibiting gene. We found that LvMmd2 co-localized with its homolog LvPAQR3 at the Golgi apparatus. Using co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and DUAL membrane system yeast two-hybrid (MbY2H), we indicated the interactions between LvMmd2 and LvPAQR3, LvPAQR3 and LvRaf1, as well as LvMmd2 and LvRho. These results suggest that <i>LvMmd2</i> directly and indirectly regulates the Ras signaling pathway. Furthermore, we show that the <i>LvMmd2</i> gene may indirectly affect the PI3K/AKT, insulin, and Hippo signaling pathways to regulate cell proliferation and differentiation via LvPAQR3 and LvRaf1. Through transcriptome and MbY2H analyses, we have also revealed the interaction between LvMmd2 and proteins involved in growth, immunity, protein transport, synthesis, and modification. These findings demonstrate the various molecular pathways through which <i>LvMmd2</i> regulates <i>L. vannamei</i> growth. This study provides insights into the mechanism of shrimp growth regulated by <i>Mmd2</i>, enhances our understanding of <i>LvMmd2</i> function, and highlights its potential application in shrimp breeding.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-024-00273-7.</p>","PeriodicalId":53218,"journal":{"name":"Marine Life Science & Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"50-65"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the recognition mechanism of shark-derived single-domain antibodies with high affinity and specificity targeting fluoroquinolones.","authors":"Chang Liu, Guoqiang Li, Yuan Chen, Hong Lin, Limin Cao, Kaiqiang Wang, Xiudan Wang, Martin F Flajnik, Jianxin Sui","doi":"10.1007/s42995-024-00277-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42995-024-00277-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we investigated the molecular recognition mechanisms of shark-derived single-domain antibodies (ssdAbs) targeting fluoroquinolones using an integrated approach that combines in silico homologous modeling, molecular dynamics simulations, molecular docking, and alanine scanning mutagenesis. Three ssdAbs-2E6, 1N9, and 1O17-specific to enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin, respectively, were selected based on previous work. Through AlphaFold2 and GalaxyWEB, the protein structures of these ssdAbs were predicted and optimized, followed by molecular dynamics simulations to emulate realistic protein behavior in a solvent environment. Molecular docking, alanine scanning mutagenesis, and subsequent verifications identified 30N and 93W of 2E6; 30N, 89R, 98Y, and 99D of 1N9; 100W and 101R of 1O17, all located within the complementarity determining region 3 loop, as critical for antigen binding. These residues primarily interact with their targets through hydrogen bonds, salt bridges, π-π stackings, and cation-π interactions. This study revealed, for the first time, the binding mechanism of ssdAbs to fluoroquinolones from a theoretical perspective, emphasizing the importance of aromatic and polar residues in recognizing characteristic epitopes, such as the carboxyl group at the C3 position and the 1-piperazinyl group at the C7 position. Our findings provide valuable insights for the rational design and enhancement of ssdAbs for detecting small molecule hazards in aquaculture.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-024-00277-3.</p>","PeriodicalId":53218,"journal":{"name":"Marine Life Science & Technology","volume":"7 2","pages":"340-351"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNA virus diversity highlights the potential biosecurity threat posed by Antarctic krill.","authors":"Tingting Xu, Xianyong Zhao, Thomas Loch, Jiancheng Zhu, Wei Wang, Xinliang Wang, Chong Wang, Gangzhou Fan, Bin Hao, Jichang Zhang, Wenxiu Zhao, Melba G Bondad-Reantaso, Victoria Alday-Sanz, Qingli Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s42995-024-00270-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42995-024-00270-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antarctic krill <i>Euphausia superba</i>, one of the most abundant species on the planet, is a keystone species of the Southern Ocean ecosystem. In the present study, we analyzed the RNA virome of Antarctic krill via metatranscription methods. The results showed that only 0.39% (49/12, 558) of the resultant unigenes could be assigned to known viral taxa, which were most similar to 17 known viruses, including nine invertebrate viruses, two vertebrate viruses, three protozoan viruses and three mycoviruses. However, most of the detected viruses possessed low amino acid similarity with counterparts in the viral databases. <i>Penaeus vannamei</i> picornavirus (PvPV; Family Picornaviridae) and covert mortality nodavirus (CMNV; Family Nodaviridae) were the two most abundant viruses in the Antarctic krill RNA virome. Notably, PvPV and CMNV are known pathogens to multiple aquatic animals according to epidemiological survey and exposure experiments, whereby PvPV positive krill caused clinical symptoms and histopathological lesions to <i>P. vannamei</i> and similarly, CMNV infection altered the swimming and feeding behavior of parent marine medaka <i>Oryzias melastigma</i> and caused tissue damage and even spinal curvature of the offspring. Results herein reveal, for the first time, the high abundance and taxonomic diversity of viruses in Antarctic krill while simultaneously highlighting the risk of an important virus reservoir to global aquaculture, and the potential impact on animals in the Antarctic ecosystem.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-024-00270-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":53218,"journal":{"name":"Marine Life Science & Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"96-109"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic evidence for demographic fluctuations, genetic burdens and adaptive divergence in fourfinger threadfin <i>Eleutheronema rhadinum</i>.","authors":"Jie Xiao, Wen-Xiong Wang","doi":"10.1007/s42995-024-00276-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42995-024-00276-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Declining populations and bottlenecks lead to the accumulation of deleterious mutations in fish populations. These processes also trigger genetic purging, which is a key genetic factor in reducing the deleterious burdens and increasing population viability. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence on the interaction between demographic history and the genome-wide pattern of deleterious variations. Here, we generated genome resequencing data of <i>Eleutheronema rhadinum</i> from China and Thailand, representing the major distribution of the species' southern regions. <i>E. rhadinum</i> had exceptionally low genome-wide variability and experienced dramatic population expansions followed by continuous declines. The geographical divergence, which occurred ~ 23,000 years ago, shaped different demographic trajectories and generated different regional patterns of deleterious mutations in China and Thailand populations. Several lines of evidence revealed that this geographical pattern of deleterious mutation was driven by the purging of highly deleterious mutations. We showed that purifying selection had inbreeding-associated fitness costs and was more efficient against missense mutations in the Thailand population, which had the lowest genetic burden of homozygous deleterious mutations. Multiple evolutionarily conserved protein domains were disrupted by the loss-of-function mutations, posing a high probability of gene functionality elimination. Moreover, thermal and salinity genes (<i>Trpm3</i>, <i>Nek4</i>, <i>Gtf2f2</i>, <i>Cldn14</i>) were identified in genomic divergence regions of <i>E. rhadinum</i> among China and Thailand populations. Our findings highlight the importance of demographic history factors shaping the geographical patterns of deleterious mutations. The results serve to deepen our understanding of the adaptive evolution and divergence of <i>E. rhadinum</i> with implications for other marine fish.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-024-00276-4.</p>","PeriodicalId":53218,"journal":{"name":"Marine Life Science & Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"66-78"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepcidin peptide controls the inflammatory response induced by betanodavirus infection and improves European sea bass (<i>Dicentrachus labrax</i>) survival.","authors":"Laura Cervera, Marta Arizcun, Luis Mercado, Alberto Cuesta, Elena Chaves-Pozo","doi":"10.1007/s42995-024-00262-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42995-024-00262-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is the etiological agent of viral encephalopathy and retinopathy in many fish species, including European sea bass (<i>Dicentrachus labrax</i>) and is of great economic losses to fish farmers. To solve this problem in fish production, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been identified as potential candidates for NNV treatment in aquaculture. Hepcidin (Hamp) is one of the most promising AMPs. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic application of Hamp synthetic peptide after NNV challenge. Hamp was able to significantly increase survival rates and ameliorate clinical signs of the disease, though the viral levels, determined by viral replication and immunolocalization, were not affected. Synthetic Hamp increased the immunoglobulin M (IgM) and AMP protein levels in serum and some tissues respect to the levels found in NNV-infected fish. However, Hamp peptide decreased the NNV-induced bactericidal activity. At the gene level, Hamp exerted anti-inflammatory properties, reducing the pro-inflammatory response orchestrated by NNV, probably preventing neuronal damage. Apart from this, Hamp up-regulated the expression of adhesion molecules that facilitated the recruitment of immune cells, namely T helper and B cells, probably to orchestrate the adaptive response. To conclude, Hamp immunomodulatory properties and therapeutic application against NNV are very promising for its use in aquaculture.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-024-00262-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":53218,"journal":{"name":"Marine Life Science & Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"110-119"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}