{"title":"Photothermal transformation of ethane to ethylene oxide via consecutive dehydrogenation and epoxidation reactions","authors":"Lingzhen Zeng, Zeyan Cen, Xingwu Liu, Tiancheng Pu, Haoyi Tang, Maolin Wang, Kaiyu Zhu, Jiarui Li, Meng Wang, Ding Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.checat.2025.101417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.checat.2025.101417","url":null,"abstract":"Integrating green and sustainable energy solutions is critical for improving both economic viability and environmental sustainability in chemical transformation. This work demonstrates a tandem process for ethylene oxide production from ethane, coupling ethane dehydrogenation and ethylene epoxidation, using solar irradiation as the sole energy source. The process employs photothermal tandem reactors, with oxygen introduced into the second reactor after dehydrogenation. Reaction temperatures were precisely controlled by modulating light intensity (∼940 K for dehydrogenation and ∼540 K for epoxidation). A NiLa/BN catalyst exhibited exceptional activity (152 mmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>) and stability for photocatalytic ethane dehydrogenation under sunlight, while the Ag-based catalyst facilitated the epoxidation reaction. The integrated system achieved 60% ethane conversion and 14% ethylene oxide yield. This study highlights the feasibility of using sunlight as a sustainable energy source for industrial chemical transformations, offering a potential way to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and decrease carbon emissions.","PeriodicalId":53121,"journal":{"name":"Chem Catalysis","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surface electron-donor-boosting single-atom nickel sites for CO2 electroreduction in pure water","authors":"Xiaoxiong Huang, Linping Qian, Yujin Ji, Wenzhe Niu, Yuncheng Hu, Liangyao Xue, Jingjing Li, Shuanglong Huang, Jiaqi Zhang, Youyong Li, Bo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.checat.2025.101416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.checat.2025.101416","url":null,"abstract":"The electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO<sub>2</sub>RR) in pure water is one of the most promising strategies for avoiding crystallization in conventional electrolytes. Here, we sought to modify the catalyst of dispersed single-atom nickel (Ni) sites on an ultrathin nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheet (Ni–N–C) by using amino groups (Ni–N–C–NH<sub>2</sub>). The obtained Ni–N–C–NH<sub>2</sub> catalysts exhibited a peak turnover frequency of 11.1 s<sup>−1</sup> with >90% CO selectivity and ultrastable durability of 100 h of continuous operation and achieved two to three times greater current density than Ni–N–C. <em>Operando</em> spectroscopic evidence combined with theory studies suggested that the improved CO selectivity originates from the synergistic effect of the amino groups and Ni–N–C. The introduced amino groups with the surface property of the electron donor upshift the <em>d</em>-band center of Ni and favor CO<sub>2</sub> capture and proton-coupled electron transfer, ultimately enabling highly efficient operation of the CO<sub>2</sub>RR on Ni–N–C catalysts.","PeriodicalId":53121,"journal":{"name":"Chem Catalysis","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144202364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chem CatalysisPub Date : 2025-06-03DOI: 10.1016/j.checat.2025.101415
Junjun Mao, Dan Wang, Chenchen Zhang, Yuanming Xie, Qingqing Song, Bo Zhang, Yang Lou, Chengsi Pan, Jiawei Zhang, Ying Zhang, Yongfa Zhu
{"title":"Upcycling CO2 into succinic acid (C4H6O4) by cascading CO2 electroreduction with electrocarboxylation","authors":"Junjun Mao, Dan Wang, Chenchen Zhang, Yuanming Xie, Qingqing Song, Bo Zhang, Yang Lou, Chengsi Pan, Jiawei Zhang, Ying Zhang, Yongfa Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.checat.2025.101415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.checat.2025.101415","url":null,"abstract":"Extending carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) electrocatalysis to afford energy-rich carbohydrates with long carbon chains is significant but still suffers from unsatisfactory selectivity for products with more than three carbon atoms. Here, using CO<sub>2</sub> as the only carbon feedstock, we present a cascade electrolysis strategy for succinic acid (SA; C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) synthesis by coupling CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction with electrocarboxylation of <em>in situ</em>-generated ethylene (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>). An overall CO<sub>2</sub>-to-C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>4</sub> conversion was achieved. Our findings illustrate that adsorption of <em>in situ</em>-generated C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> and the rate-determining step (∗C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> to ∗C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>COO) occur more easily over FeNi foam. Notably, compared with typical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction products, converting gaseous CO<sub>2</sub> into SA lowers separation costs, enhancing economic viability. Our strategy also significantly reduces carbon emissions (−0.174 kg CO<sub>2</sub> per kg SA), compared with conventional strategies (1.94 for petrochemical and 0.88 for bio-based SA). This system accelerates CO<sub>2</sub> conversion into long-chain carbohydrates, facilitating reintegration of this industrial waste gas into the global economy.","PeriodicalId":53121,"journal":{"name":"Chem Catalysis","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144202363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Which and how oxygen-containing functional groups on Ni@Graphene boost efficient hydrogenation via hydrogen spillover","authors":"Yuansen Zhang, Chenyang Shen, Xinran Xie, Kaidi Liu, Qiuyue Wang, Yongting Li, Yongzheng Wang, Qiaolun Liu, Weiping Ding, Xuefeng Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.checat.2025.101412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.checat.2025.101412","url":null,"abstract":"Unveiling the impact mechanism of oxygen-containing functional groups (OFGs) on the hydrogen spillover and hydrogenation process of metal-carbon composite catalysts is crucial yet challenging. Multiple hydrogenation sites on traditional supported catalysts complicate clarifying the role of OFGs. Herein, we fabricate a series of Ni@Graphene catalysts with different OFG contents and types to study the influence of OFGs on the hydrogen spillover and the hydrogenation activity. The investigation indicates that, among all OFGs, phenol and carboxyl groups play a leading role by reducing the energy barrier for hydrogen atom migration and show a significant linear correlation with hydrogen spillover capacity, the latter further linearly boosts the hydrogenation activity (increased by 193%–239%), which can serve as effective descriptor of the activities of Ni@Graphene. This study not only unveils which and how OFGs enhance hydrogen spillover and catalytic hydrogenation activity but also provides insights and new strategies for designing high-performance hydrogenation catalysts.","PeriodicalId":53121,"journal":{"name":"Chem Catalysis","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chem CatalysisPub Date : 2025-05-28DOI: 10.1016/j.checat.2025.101413
Xing Xu, Heyao Shi, Dong-Hang Tan, Phillip Biallas, Alistair J.M. Farley, Christophe Genicot, Ken Yamazaki, Darren J. Dixon
{"title":"Cp∗Rh(III)-catalyzed enantioselective C(sp3)–H amidation of azine-linked cyclobutanes","authors":"Xing Xu, Heyao Shi, Dong-Hang Tan, Phillip Biallas, Alistair J.M. Farley, Christophe Genicot, Ken Yamazaki, Darren J. Dixon","doi":"10.1016/j.checat.2025.101413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.checat.2025.101413","url":null,"abstract":"The highly enantioselective desymmetrizing C(sp<sup>3</sup>)–H amidation of azine-linked cyclobutanes with dioxazolones to afford enantioenriched <em>cis</em>-configured amido-substituted pyrimidylcyclobutane scaffolds is described. The reaction is catalyzed by an electron-deficient Cp∗Rh(III) complex in combination with a novel axially chiral carboxylic acid that was found to be key to obtaining high levels of enantiocontrol. Computational studies using density functional theory calculations revealed the presence of multiple non-covalent interactions, including inter- and intramolecular <em>n</em>-π∗ interactions and CH-π interactions, and that enhanced steric repulsion in the transition state structure leading to the minor enantiomer controls the enantioselectivity. The methodology was found to be broad in scope with respect to the dioxazolone and could be further extended to larger cycloalkyl ring systems as well as bis-amidated pyrimidylcyclobutane derivatives.","PeriodicalId":53121,"journal":{"name":"Chem Catalysis","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chem CatalysisPub Date : 2025-05-28DOI: 10.1016/j.checat.2025.101414
Qi-Long Chen, Le Mao, Yi-Fan Pan, Bin Wang, Ka Lu, Zhiwei Jiao, Fu-Min Zhang, Xiao-Ming Zhang, Yong-Qiang Tu
{"title":"Blue light-induced 1,4-aminoalkylation of 1,3-dienes enabled by N-heterocyclic carbene-Ir(III) catalysis","authors":"Qi-Long Chen, Le Mao, Yi-Fan Pan, Bin Wang, Ka Lu, Zhiwei Jiao, Fu-Min Zhang, Xiao-Ming Zhang, Yong-Qiang Tu","doi":"10.1016/j.checat.2025.101414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.checat.2025.101414","url":null,"abstract":"The precise alkylamination difunctionalization of 1,3-dienes represents an efficient method for synthesizing valuable allylic amines. Here, we present an efficient visible light-induced uncommon 1,4-aminoalkylation of 1-substituted 1,3-diene derivatives by developing novel <em>N</em>-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-Ir(III) complex as the photocatalyst. Various allylic amines, which are difficult to obtain through other transformations so far reported, can be obtained with good to excellent yields and regio-, diastereoselectivities by using <em>N</em>-hydroxyphthalimide esters as both alkyl and amino precursors. The broad substrate scope and distinct 1,4-regioselectivity offer a unique supplementary approach to the established transition metal-catalyzed 3,4-aminoalkylation of 1-substituted 1,3-dienes; mechanistic studies indicate that blue light-induced allylic radical/cation crossover mediated by the photocatalyst and the π-π stacking between the phthalimidyl unit and the aryl substrates also play a crucial role in the regioselective transformation, demonstrating the superiority of this NHC-Ir(III) photocatalytic system in current cascade alkylamination transformation.","PeriodicalId":53121,"journal":{"name":"Chem Catalysis","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chem CatalysisPub Date : 2025-05-26DOI: 10.1016/j.checat.2025.101399
Thomas M. Groseclose, Erin Kober, Matilda Clark, Benjamin Moore, Ramesh K. Jha, Zoe K. Taylor, Lexy A. Lujan, Gregg T. Beckham, Andrew R. Pickford, Taraka Dale, Hau B. Nguyen
{"title":"Engineering PHL7 for improved poly(ethylene terephthalate) depolymerization via rational design and directed evolution","authors":"Thomas M. Groseclose, Erin Kober, Matilda Clark, Benjamin Moore, Ramesh K. Jha, Zoe K. Taylor, Lexy A. Lujan, Gregg T. Beckham, Andrew R. Pickford, Taraka Dale, Hau B. Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.checat.2025.101399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.checat.2025.101399","url":null,"abstract":"Enzymatic depolymerization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) has emerged as a promising approach for polyester recycling, and, to date, many natural and engineered PET hydrolase enzymes have been reported. For industrial use, PET hydrolases must achieve high depolymerization extent and exhibit excellent thermostability. Here, we engineered a natural PET hydrolase, Polyester Hydrolase Leipzig #7 (PHL7), through rational design and directed evolution using a high-throughput screening platform. Four new enzymes were engineered with enhanced properties compared with the parent enzyme, wild-type PHL7 (PHL7-WT), and other benchmark PET hydrolases, under the tested conditions. In bioreactors, the exemplary engineered enzyme, PHL7-Jemez, exhibited improved ability to depolymerize amorphous PET film compared with PHL7-WT at 2.9% and 20% substrate loadings, with 37% and 270% higher hydrolysis, respectively, after 48 h. This study develops several state-of-the-art PET hydrolases and demonstrates a directed evolution platform to engineer high-performance enzymes, which can accelerate enzyme discovery toward improved biocatalytic recycling.","PeriodicalId":53121,"journal":{"name":"Chem Catalysis","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chem CatalysisPub Date : 2025-05-26DOI: 10.1016/j.checat.2025.101398
Jia Song, Shi-Chao Ren, Yingguo Liu, Yonggui Robin Chi
{"title":"Historical and recent advances in enantioselective NHC-catalyzed radical reactions","authors":"Jia Song, Shi-Chao Ren, Yingguo Liu, Yonggui Robin Chi","doi":"10.1016/j.checat.2025.101398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.checat.2025.101398","url":null,"abstract":"The transition of <em>N</em>-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed reactions from conventional two-electron pathways to single-electron transfer (SET) mechanisms has significantly broadened the scope and versatility of NHC catalysis in organic synthesis. This paradigm shift began with the confirmation of SET processes and has since enabled the development of enantioselective radical transformations, facilitating the construction of complex molecular architectures previously challenging to access using NHCs. Recent advancements, such as Cramer’s work on tunable chiral NHCs for α-functionalization, exemplify the growing sophistication of selective NHC-catalyzed radical chemistry. Herein, we present a systematic overview of these developments, detailing the evolution of NHC-mediated SET processes and their potential for the efficient synthesis of structurally intricate molecules with high enantiomeric purity. By highlighting these historical efforts, we aim to provide valuable insights for both experienced researchers and newcomers to the field.","PeriodicalId":53121,"journal":{"name":"Chem Catalysis","volume":"149 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanistic rules for de novo design of enzymes","authors":"Michalis Chatzittofi, Jaime Agudo-Canalejo, Ramin Golestanian","doi":"10.1016/j.checat.2025.101394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.checat.2025.101394","url":null,"abstract":"Enzymes are nano-scale machines that have evolved to drive chemical reactions out of equilibrium in the right place at the right time. Given the complexity and specificity of enzymatic function, the bottom-up design of enzymes presents a daunting task that is far more challenging than making passive molecules with specific binding affinities or building nano-scale mechanically active devices. We present a thermodynamically consistent model for the operation of such a fueled enzyme, which uses the energy from a favorable reaction to undergo non-equilibrium conformational changes that in turn catalyze a chemical reaction on an attached substrate molecule. We show that enzymatic function can emerge through a bifurcation upon appropriate implementation of momentum conservation on the effective reaction coordinates of the low-dimensional description of the enzyme, and thanks to a generically present dissipative coupling. Our results can complement the recently developed strategies for <em>de novo</em> enzyme design based on machine learning approaches.","PeriodicalId":53121,"journal":{"name":"Chem Catalysis","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chem CatalysisPub Date : 2025-05-20DOI: 10.1016/j.checat.2025.101390
Jelle W. Bos, P. Tim Prins, Joris C.L. Janssens, Ramon Oord, Thimo S. Jacobs, Robin Vogel, Matteo Monai, Eelco T.C. Vogt, Bert M. Weckhuysen
{"title":"Operando fluorescence spectroscopy for evaluating the activity of fatty acid hydrogenation catalysts","authors":"Jelle W. Bos, P. Tim Prins, Joris C.L. Janssens, Ramon Oord, Thimo S. Jacobs, Robin Vogel, Matteo Monai, Eelco T.C. Vogt, Bert M. Weckhuysen","doi":"10.1016/j.checat.2025.101390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.checat.2025.101390","url":null,"abstract":"Here, we report for the first time on <em>operando</em> fluorescence spectroscopy for liquid-phase reaction monitoring at elevated temperature and pressure. We show that it is a powerful tool for studying the hydrogenation of branched unsaturated fatty acids with zeolite and palladium catalysts. During the reaction, fluorescent impurities reacted with the zeolite, leading to a redshift of the fluorescence spectrum, which could be suppressed by hydrogenation. A strong correlation was found between the redshift of the spectrum and the hydrogenation activity of the catalysts, which can be used as a proxy. We discovered that unsaturated fatty acids were not responsible for the redshift, but that it was likely caused by fluorophores reacting on the zeolite. Experiments using a model fluorophore showed that the feedstock fluorophores are likely polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. We believe that this tool can be used in industrial fatty acid hydrogenation reactors to predict the endpoint of the hydrogenation.","PeriodicalId":53121,"journal":{"name":"Chem Catalysis","volume":"234 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144097532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}