Journal of Affective Disorders Reports最新文献

{"title":"Beyond the total score: Factorial validity of the PHQ-9 in high-symptom contexts","authors":"Rebecca Ndukwe,&nbsp;Marcia Scazufca,&nbsp;Pepijn Van de Ven","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background:</h3><div>Depression is heterogeneous, with symptoms that organise differently across populations and clinical contexts. How the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) performs in clinically elevated populations, where measurement accuracy matters most, remains insufficiently understood.</div></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><div>We examined the factor structure and measurement invariance of the PHQ-9 in two independent samples restricted to PHQ-9 <span><math><mrow><mo>≥</mo><mn>10</mn></mrow></math></span>: the PROACTIVE trial of older Brazilian adults (<span><math><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1216</mn></mrow></math></span>) and the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2007 to 2023; <span><math><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>3902</mn></mrow></math></span>). Confirmatory factor analysis compared unidimensional, two-factor, and bifactor models, with invariance assessed across sociodemographic groups using multi-group analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>In both samples, a two-factor model fit better than a single-factor model, but the structure differed by context. In the older Brazilian cohort, fatigue grouped with anhedonia and depressed mood in a cognitive-affective domain; the domains were only moderately correlated (<span><math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.45</mn></mrow></math></span>), and a bifactor analysis found no dominant general factor. In NHANES, the conventional somatic and cognitive-affective split emerged, but the domains were strongly correlated (<span><math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.76</mn></mrow></math></span>), with a dominant general factor explaining most shared variance. Invariance was broadly supported, with minor item-level departures in PROACTIVE and a marginal race/ethnicity decrement in NHANES.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions:</h3><div>Rather than being uniformly multidimensional, the PHQ-9’s structure is context-dependent: genuinely multidimensional in the high-burden older cohort, but dominated by a general factor in the broad community sample. The total score remains an appropriate severity summary in both settings, whereas attention to somatic versus cognitive-affective profiles is most useful in high-burden clinical populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101141"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148657142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subtype-specific antidepressant effects of non-invasive brain stimulation in bipolar I and II depression: A real-world preliminary comparative study","authors":"Jhen-Wu Lai,&nbsp;Chih-Ming Cheng,&nbsp;Jia-Shyun Jeng,&nbsp;Kuan-I Liu,&nbsp;Cheng-Ta Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) shows efficacy in major depressive disorder (MDD), but its effectiveness across bipolar disorder (BD) subtypes remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This real-world retrospective study reviewed medical records of patients with MDD (n = 120) and BD (n = 20) who received NIBS (10-Hz rTMS, bilateral rTMS, or prolonged iTBS). Clinical effectiveness was measured using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall antidepressant efficacy was comparable between MDD and BD (36.5%vs. 48.5% HDRS-17 reduction, p = 0.161), despite greater treatment resistance and higher resting motor thresholds in BD. In an exploratory subgroup analysis, BD-I patients showed greater HDRS-17 reduction than BD-II patients (68.1%vs. 33.6%; p = 0.004; Hedges' g = 1.73), with higher response rates (66.7%vs. 0%; Fisher’s exact p = 0.002) and remission rates (55.6%vs. 9.1%; Fisher’s exact p = 0.050). The p-values for HDRS-17 percentage reduction and post-treatment HDRS-17 score were both below the Bonferroni-corrected threshold. The subtype difference remained significant after adjusting for age, sex, and baseline HDRS-17 (F = 14.40, p = 0.003, partial η² = 0.567). Side effect profiles were similar between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>BD-I patients showed a larger preliminary antidepressant response to NIBS than BD-II patients. These hypothesis-generating findings require validation in larger, prospective, controlled studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101122"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148582638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotional intelligence, self-regulation, and psychological resilience as predictors of anxiety symptoms among university students in Ghana","authors":"Simon Ntumi,&nbsp;Stephen Kwakye Apau,&nbsp;Patricia Mawusi Amos,&nbsp;Theresa Antwi,&nbsp;Gabriel Odame Amfo,&nbsp;Gideon Edudzi Gbenyo","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Anxiety disorders among university students are increasingly recognised as a major public mental health concern due to their negative impact on academic performance and psychological well-being. Emerging evidence suggests that emotional intelligence, self-regulation, and psychological resilience are key protective factors; however, their integrated roles within a moderated mediation framework remain underexplored, particularly in Ghanaian university contexts.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A correlational cross-sectional design was employed among 850 undergraduate university students in Ghana. Standardised instruments were used to measure emotional intelligence, self-regulation, psychological resilience, and anxiety disorders (GAD-7). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, multiple regression, mediation analysis with bootstrapping, and moderated mediation analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Emotional intelligence was significantly and negatively associated with anxiety disorders (β = -0.45, p &lt; .001), accounting for 20% of variance. Self-regulation partially mediated this relationship, explaining 50% of the total indirect effect. Psychological resilience further demonstrated both mediating and moderating effects, with higher resilience strengthening the protective impact of self-regulation on anxiety. The moderated mediation model accounted for 37–38% of the variance in anxiety disorders, with stronger indirect effects observed at higher levels of resilience.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Emotional intelligence reduces anxiety both directly and indirectly through self-regulation, while psychological resilience enhances these protective pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Although the cross-sectional design and self-report measures limit causal inference and may introduce response bias, these were mitigated through bootstrapped mediation and moderated mediation analyses. Nonetheless, longitudinal studies are needed for stronger causal validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148582642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression, anxiety, and lifestyle behaviors in Ecuadorian medical students: a multivariable approach","authors":"Xavier Sánchez,&nbsp;Pablo Carrera,&nbsp;Isaac Merchán,&nbsp;Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor,&nbsp;Andrea Manzano,&nbsp;Valeria Araujo","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Medical students face intense academic and clinical pressures, increasing their risk for depression, anxiety, and maladaptive coping behaviors such as hazardous alcohol use. In Latin America—particularly in Ecuador—research on these issues remains limited, especially regarding the role of health-promoting behaviors. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and correlations of psychological distress, alcohol use, and lifestyle habits among Ecuadorian medical students.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 393 medical students from a private university in Quito using an online survey. Depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), hazardous drinking (AUDIT), and health-related behaviors (Health Behavior Inventory, HBI) were assessed using validated instruments. Clinical thresholds (PHQ-9 ≥ 10, GAD-7 ≥ 10, AUDIT ≥ 8) were applied to estimate prevalence, and associations were examined using correlation analyses, group comparisons, and mixed-effects logistic regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of moderate-to-severe depression, anxiety, and hazardous drinking was 54.71%, 52.93%, and 20.36%, respectively. Depression and anxiety were strongly correlated and negatively associated with HBI scores. The Positive Mental Attitude (PMA) subscale showed the strongest negative correlation. Higher HBI scores were associated with lower odds of depression (OR = 0.49) and anxiety (OR = 0.55). Comorbidities and earlier training stages increased mental health risks. Hazardous drinking was associated with tobacco use and older age but not with HBI scores.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Ecuadorian medical students face a high burden of psychological distress. Health-promoting behaviors, particularly a positive mental attitude, were associated with lower odds of depression and anxiety. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and longitudinal research, especially in resource-constrained educational settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148582580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum G-CSF and VEGF and functional improvement by exercise in patients with anxiety disorders – An explorative study","authors":"Alexander Wall ,&nbsp;Jenny Nyberg ,&nbsp;Kaj Blennow ,&nbsp;Henrik Zetterberg ,&nbsp;Jörgen Isgaard ,&nbsp;Johan Svensson ,&nbsp;Margda Waern ,&nbsp;Maria Åberg ,&nbsp;N. David Åberg","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Experimental studies show that endothelial growth factors, such as granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), promote neuroplasticity of antidepressant treatment and exercise. Yet, human G-CSF and VEGF show conflicting findings. We investigated whether serum G-CSF and VEGF is related to functional recovery by exercise, with or without antidepressants, in patients with anxiety disorders. A secondary aim was to explore correlations between serum G-CSF, VEGF, and biometric factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a randomized clinical trial (RCT) on patients with anxiety (n = 140, n = 72 received antidepressants) with low- or high-intensity 12-week exercise and functional ratings using EuroQol-5D (EQ5D) index and visual analogue scale (VAS), Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRSS), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Serum G-CSF and VEGF were measured at baseline, 12 weeks, and at a 1-year follow-up. Linear regression, including B-values with attenuation given as change-in-estimate-criterion (CIEC), assessed functional improvements, and Spearman’s test (rho values) evaluated correlations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All 12-week and 1-year mean G-CSF and VEGF were unchanged by exercise, whereas functional ratings were significantly improved. However, intra-individual changes in G-CSF and VEGF attenuated 1-year EQ5D index improvement by low-intensity exercise (B, 0.09–0.11, CIEC 16–21%) without signs of mediation. Stratification for antidepressants hardly affected CIECs. G-CSF and VEGF showed small to moderate correlations with EQ5D index, MADRSS, BAI and biometric factors e.g. body mass index, muscle strength and C-reactive protein.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>For anxiety, G-CSF and VEGF are not mediators of 12-week functional improvements by exercise, although other non-exercise correlations with functional and biometric parameters are present.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148365694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative psychometric evaluation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale-Self Report as measures of depression during pregnancy","authors":"Erik Forsell,&nbsp;Sandra Frööjd,&nbsp;Emelie Svanerud George,&nbsp;Mikaela Bergmark Dunkels,&nbsp;Marie Bendix","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is the most widely used instrument in perinatal clinical practice and research based on a belief that somatic symptoms during the perinatal period impact on depression measurement validity and reliability. The Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale – Self report (MADRS-S) may have better psychometric performance as a screening and outcome instrument for depression.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Self-referred pregnant women were screened (n = 650), diagnostically assessed (n = 390), treated with internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for depression (n = 270) and followed-up diagnostically (n = 169). EPDS and MADRS-S were assessed at screening and after treatment. Item level data from all patients were used in a series of psychometric tests including confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and item response-theory tests (IRT).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both scales showed adequate reliability. Using depression as a unidimensional latent trait in CFA, MADRS-S fitted data better than EPDS. IRT revealed that the somatic items in MADRS-S contributed less than average rather than inflating the totals. For more depressed respondents, the EPDS scores’ validity decreased compared to MADRS-S.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MADRS-S and EPDS are reliable tools for assessing depressive symptoms in pregnant patients, but MADRS-S outperforms EPDS on several key psychometric indicators. Contrary to common belief, somatic items seem not to inflate scores, and MADRS-S retains better precision at higher symptom levels. These findings support the use of standard depression measures, such as the MADRS-S, in pregnant populations. Doing so may improve detection and treatment by integrating antenatal depression into general psychiatric care and research rather than isolating it within perinatal-specific frameworks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101118"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148640545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between “how much” and “how”: time spent in social media and problematic internet use as correlates of psychological outcomes in Brazilian athletes with physical disabilities","authors":"Vivian de Oliveira,&nbsp;André Luis Aroni,&nbsp;Leonardo Pestillo de Oliveira,&nbsp;Paula Teixeira Fernandes,&nbsp;Rubens Venditti Junior","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social media and internet use are increasingly embedded in athletes’ daily routines; however, their psychological correlates may depend more on patterns of use than on time spent online. This study investigated the relationships between combined Instagram and Facebook use time (CIFUT), problematic internet use (PIU), body appreciation, positive mental health, and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in Brazilian athletes with physical disabilities. A total of 61 athletes completed the PIUQ-SF-9, BAS-2, MHC-SF, and DASS-21. Time spent on Instagram and Facebook was obtained through the platforms’ “Your Activity” feature and combined to calculate CIFUT. Data were analyzed using Spearman correlations, multiple linear regressions, and mediation models. CIFUT showed a significant, moderate positive correlation only with PIU. In regression analyses, neither CIFUT nor PIU significantly were associated with body appreciation or positive mental health. However, the models demonstrated stronger explanatory power for depression (R²=.300; adj. R²=.276; p&lt;.001), anxiety (R²=0.175; adj. R²=0.146; p=.004), and stress (R²=.171; adj. R²=.142; p=.004). Both CIFUT and PIU were significant statistical predictors of depression and anxiety, whereas only PIU was associated with stress. Mediation analyses were not significant, although the pathway from CIFUT to PIU was confirmed. Overall, greater combined Instagram and Facebook use time was consistently associated with higher PIU. Psychological outcomes (particularly depression, anxiety, and stress) were more strongly related to problematic usage patterns than to time online, suggesting that how individuals engage with social media may be more relevant than how much time they spend online in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101131"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148656104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dark side of social support: How social identification shapes its effects on depression","authors":"Louisa Theisges,&nbsp;Tegan Cruwys,&nbsp;Antonia J. Kaluza,&nbsp;Rolf van Dick","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depression is a prevalent mental health disorder influenced by social determinants, including social support and social identification. While social support is typically protective, recent research highlights its potential \"dark side\", particularly when perceived as dysfunctional. This study examined whether social identification with family and friends reduces depressive symptoms in part via reducing dysfunctional social support. Drawing on the social identity approach, we hypothesized that stronger social identification would predict lower depression severity both directly and indirectly via decreased dysfunctional social support, even when controlling for functional social support. Using a time-lagged design, 222 individuals with diagnosed affective disorders completed measures of social identification, social support (functional and dysfunctional), and depression severity at two timepoints. Mediation analyses supported our hypotheses. Clinically, these findings suggest that interventions targeting maladaptive support or fostering positive group identification may benefit individuals with affective disorders. This study advances the social cure literature both by illustrating the mental health benefits of social identification among people with diagnosed clinical disorders, and by delineating a potential mechanism: the potential detrimental effects of dysfunctional social support in depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148656494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Reward dysregulation following early-life adversity: pathways to externalising behaviours” [Journal of Affective Disorders Reports 24 (2026) 101050]","authors":"Pénélope Desgagné,&nbsp;Vasundhara Shukla,&nbsp;Liam Mason","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101134","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148776754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Provisional clinical thresholds for the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) first-edition self-report format","authors":"Jeffrey B. Jackson","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The first‑edition Yale‑Brown Obsessive‑Compulsive Scale (Y‑BOCS) is the most widely used clinician‑administered obsessive‑compulsive disorder (OCD) severity measure, with established thresholds for severity classification, remission, and treatment response, whereas corresponding thresholds for its self‑report format (Y‑BOCS‑SR) are not available. The present study aimed to improve the clinical utility of the Y‑BOCS‑SR by deriving provisional thresholds calibrated to established Y‑BOCS thresholds using meta-analytic methods to aggregate score discrepancies across studies administering both formats to the same participants. Nine independent samples (<em>N</em> = 485) from Canada, Germany, South Korea, Sweden and the United States were included. Y‑BOCS‑SR scores were on average 2.23 points lower than Y‑BOCS scores (95% <em>CI</em>: −3.31, −1.15; <em>p</em> &lt; .001), with consistent magnitude and direction across countries and languages; discrepancies tended to be larger in samples with higher mean Y‑BOCS scores. Findings support a pragmatic 2‑point downward adjustment of established Y‑BOCS thresholds when interpreting Y‑BOCS‑SR scores, yielding severity benchmarks of 0‑11 (subclinical), 12‑19 (mild), 20‑27 (moderate) and 28‑40 (severe), with a clinical cut‑off of ≥12. Recommendations include applying established Y‑BOCS response criteria unchanged (≥35% reduction; minimal clinically important difference [MCID] of 4.9 points) and using the downward‑shifted Y‑BOCS‑SR severity benchmarks when calculating severity‑stratified MCID thresholds (18% for mild, 26% for moderate and 29% for severe baseline symptoms). The uniform adjustment may not fully account for score‑range dependency, as discrepancies were larger at higher severity. These provisional thresholds may facilitate more accurate classification of OCD severity, remission, and treatment response when using the Y‑BOCS‑SR, pending direct psychometric validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148582641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}