IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society最新文献

{"title":"Barrier Function-Based Adaptive Sliding-Mode Control for Wireless Motor Systems with WPT-Motor Coupling","authors":"Youhao HU;Bowang Zhang;Weikang Hu;Wei Han","doi":"10.1109/OJIES.2026.3733417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIES.2026.3733417","url":null,"abstract":"The wireless motor (WM) system has garnered significant interest in recent decades due to its merits of power isolation, enhanced mobility, and high reliability. However, the dynamic characteristics of WM systems are inherently complex owing to the interaction of wireless power transfer (WPT) part and the motor part. This complexity poses challenges for modeling and controller design, particularly in achieving robust speed tracking performance. To address this issue, this article develops a modeling approach based on dynamic-phasor approximation and dominant-pole simplification. The resulting model captures the system dynamics from the input to the terminal speed output while retaining the interaction between the WPT link and the motor. On this basis, a barrier function-based compensation and control framework is introduced to achieve accurate and robust speed tracking. The framework comprises a super-twisting observer for reconstructing matched and mismatched disturbances and a nonsingular terminal sliding-mode feedback controller for robust speed regulation without singularity. A parallel efficiency optimization channel is further incorporated to mitigate efficiency degradation under varying motor operating conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves better tracking performance than proportional–integral control and conventional sliding-mode control, while improving efficiency by up to 6.56% under the considered motor operating condition.","PeriodicalId":52675,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"7 ","pages":"1570-1583"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11689672","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149133747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Implementation of a 650 V Monolithic GaN Power IC in a DFN Package With 120 mΩ RDS(on) and Sub-5 ns Switching","authors":"Chang-jing Yang","doi":"10.1109/OJIES.2026.3661466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIES.2026.3661466","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a 650 V monolithic enhancement-mode (e-mode) gallium nitride (GaN) power integration is proposed for industrial applications, integrating electrostatic discharge protection, a Schmitt trigger, a predriver, and a main driver with a high-voltage e-mode GaN HEMT <italic>R</i>_{DS(<small>on</small>)} = 120 mΩ. To minimize die size and production costs, a compact layout strategy is implemented, where the driver circuitry is strategically placed underneath the high-voltage GaN source pad. For industrial application, the IC was packaged to a compact 8 mm × 8 mm DFN package for performance evaluation. Experimental results from double pulse tests demonstrate a sub-5 ns switching time under 400 V/6 A conditions. Furthermore, the GaN Power IC was evaluated in a 400 W hard-switching boost converter, achieving a peak efficiency of 97.9%.","PeriodicalId":52675,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"7 ","pages":"341-347"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11381593","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147557703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Field-Oriented Control for Induction Motors Under Open-Circuit Faults Using Decoupled Speed and Flux Control With Adaptive Control Technique","authors":"Mohammad Alathamneh;Haneen Ghanayem;Ibrahim M. Allafi;Ashraf Bani Ahmad;R. M. Nelms","doi":"10.1109/OJIES.2026.3668232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIES.2026.3668232","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents an enhanced fault-tolerant control framework for induction motor drive systems, emphasizing resilience, adaptability, and system-level reliability in interconnected industrial environments. A modified field-oriented control structure is developed to ensure decoupled flux and speed regulation under open-circuit fault conditions. The proposed control integrates an adaptive proportional–integral–resonant (PIR) controller within a reconfigured stationary reference frame to maintain stable operation even during partial phase loss. By continuously adjusting its resonant frequency in response to real-time feedback, the controller achieves superior transient and steady-state performance. Experimental validation on a dSPACE DS1104 real-time platform compares the performance of PI, proportional–resonant (PR), and PIR controllers. Results reveal that the conventional PI controller fails to sustain postfault operation, while the adaptive PR controller enhances system continuity and dynamic recovery. The proposed adaptive PIR controller further mitigates torque pulsations, reducing torque ripple from over 60% (PI-based) to approximately 10%, demonstrating significant improvement in fault-tolerant performance and robustness. This approach contributes to the development of reliable, self-healing industrial drive subsystems for next-generation smart manufacturing systems.","PeriodicalId":52675,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"7 ","pages":"576-588"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11412386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147557828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physics-Informed Voltage Data Imputation for Robust Machine-Learning-Based Battery State of Charge Estimation","authors":"Showrov Rahman;Kaushallya Adhikari","doi":"10.1109/OJIES.2026.3691650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIES.2026.3691650","url":null,"abstract":"Machine learning (ML) estimators used for battery state-of-charge (SOC) prediction are vulnerable to missing measurement data, and therefore, require data imputation techniques to replace unavailable observations. However, most existing data imputation methods for SOC estimation rely primarily on statistical approaches rather than incorporating battery physics and dynamic behavior. Consequently, the estimation accuracy of such estimators degrades significantly during long periods of consecutive missing data. This study addresses this research gap by proposing a physics-informed (PI) data imputation method that reconstructs missing voltage measurements using a battery equivalent circuit model. The proposed PI data imputation technique is integrated with a long short-term memory (LSTM) architecture to develop the ML estimator. To evaluate the estimation performance, the developed model is compared with two other LSTM estimators that use conventional voltage imputation methods: last observation carried forward (LOCF) and extrapolation. The estimation errors of the three estimators are evaluated using experimental data obtained from a photovoltaic battery energy storage system equipped with lithium iron phosphate batteries. Furthermore, the robustness of the estimators is analyzed by quantifying the confidence intervals using Bayesian approximation and Monte Carlo forward passes, providing a comprehensive assessment of estimation performance. The estimators are evaluated under different missing data ratios of 25%, 50%, and 75% in order to systematically compare their performance. The results demonstrate that the proposed PI-based estimator consistently achieves superior performance across all scenarios, and the performance gap between the PI-based approach and conventional imputation methods (LOCF and extrapolation) increases as the duration of missing data becomes longer.","PeriodicalId":52675,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"7 ","pages":"867-878"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11512974","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148003497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Network-Side Assessment Framework and Benchmark System for Weak-Grid PMSG-Based Subsynchronous Oscillations","authors":"Tassneem Zamzam;Yazan Qiblawey;Abdulrahman Alassi;Haitham Abu-Rub;Ahmed Massoud;Ali Ghrayeb","doi":"10.1109/OJIES.2026.3724912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIES.2026.3724912","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing integration of Type-4 wind farms (WFs) based on permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) into weak AC networks has raised stability concerns, particularly subsynchronous oscillations (SSOs), referred to as weak-grid PMSG-SSOs (WG-PMSG-SSOs). Despite their growing relevance, current standards lack explicit screening criteria, and most existing studies rely on simplified single-WF models with limited consideration of network-side factors’ effects. This article proposes a simulation-based framework to systematically evaluate WG-PMSG-SSO risk by combining dynamic frequency scanning of PMSG-based WFs with time-domain electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulations. Two key screening indicators are identified: the presence of a negative damping in the WF impedance profile and low grid strength, quantified by short-circuit ratio (SCR) and network Thevenin impedance at the point of common coupling. A regime-based interpretation is further established, distinguishing between disturbance-triggered and self-excited WG-PMSG-SSO conditions as a function of SCR. A benchmark model based on the IEEE 39-bus system is developed to generate over 10 000 realistic WG-PMSG-SSO scenarios, with oscillation frequencies between 36 and 55 Hz and magnitudes up to 37% of the fundamental current. Analysis results demonstrate that network strength and WF location dominate WG-PMSG-SSO severity, while fault type, location, impedance, and clearing time primarily influence oscillation triggering near the stability boundary, with minimal impact on oscillation frequency and severity once excited. Based on these findings, practical planning, and operational guidelines are proposed to reduce WG-PMSG-SSO risk in weak grids, emphasizing network strength reinforcement, key screening metrics, and the identification of worst-case operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":52675,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"7 ","pages":"1401-1420"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11657932","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148925402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grid-Integrated Data Centers: Architectures, Modeling, Interconnection Requirements, Challenges, and Opportunities","authors":"Pam Paul Gyang;Pratyush Chakraborty;Lasantha Meegahapola;Xinghuo Yu","doi":"10.1109/OJIES.2026.3706771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIES.2026.3706771","url":null,"abstract":"Data centers are emerging as one of the fastest-growing electricity consumers worldwide due to the rapid expansion of cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), and digital services. The large-scale integration of AI data centers into electric power systems introduces significant challenges for grid planning, operation, stability, power quality, and compliance with evolving grid codes. Modern data centers are characterized by power-electronic-dominated infrastructures, including high-density computing platforms, advanced cooling systems, on-site renewable energy, and energy storage resources, all of which exhibit dynamic behaviors distinct from conventional passive loads. Consequently, their increasing integration necessitates the development and application of appropriate modeling frameworks to accurately assess grid impacts and enable effective control and coordination strategies. This article covers grid-integrated data centers, with a focus on their electrical and cooling architectures, and associated modeling approaches. In addition, modeling of critical data center components, interconnection requirements, and key integration challenges is examined. Finally, emerging opportunities for data centers to provide frequency regulation and flexibility services are discussed, outlining future research directions toward reliable, efficient, and grid-interactive data center integration.","PeriodicalId":52675,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"7 ","pages":"1080-1112"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11576565","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148491175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modular Energy Management via Distributed and Predictive Optimization for Fuel Cell-Battery Shipboard Microgrids","authors":"Timon Kopka;Andrea Coraddu;Henk Polinder","doi":"10.1109/OJIES.2026.3710800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIES.2026.3710800","url":null,"abstract":"Electrification of ship power systems plays a central role in the mobility transition toward sustainable transportation. The integration of a large number of components with distinct characteristics into a shipboard microgrid benefits from a modular design and standardized interfaces. Key challenges lie in the variety of component characteristics, and an evolution of parameters during the power system operation. Further, topology alterations can occur over time, requiring a reformulation of the optimal power dispatch problem. Accordingly, a modular energy management strategy must be adaptive to these changes. This work explores a distributed energy management architecture with a central coordinating agent, realized via Lagrangian dual decomposition and a gradient-based solver. This architecture ensures both local feasibility while reaching global optimality and a power balance through a consensus mechanism. Parameter changes are incorporated in local cost functions, making extensive data exchange with a central unit obsolete. Handling a variable number of power system components, this approach is resilient to component faults, topology redesigns, and component degradation. The method is applied to a fuel-cell battery hybrid harbor tug equipped with multiple parallel modules with unique ratings and state-of-health. The energy management strategy minimizes total operating costs, based on hydrogen fuel consumption and cell degradation. Extensive mission simulations show similar performance for the distributed approach and a centralized equivalent. The predictive strategy is demonstrably superior to instantaneous optimization, yielding a cost reduction of <inline-formula><tex-math>$18.3 %$</tex-math></inline-formula> with a <inline-formula><tex-math>$15 ,{mathrm{min}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> prediction horizon. The model predictive control performance increases with the horizon length, reducing operation costs by an additional <inline-formula><tex-math>$6.0 %$</tex-math></inline-formula> at <inline-formula><tex-math>$60 ,{mathrm{min}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>. In addition, a local decision-making heuristic shows promising potential for the cell degradation via optimized timing of <sc>on</small>- and <sc>off</small> switching. At <inline-formula><tex-math>$15 ,{mathrm{min}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, this reduces operation costs by <inline-formula><tex-math>$3.0 %$</tex-math></inline-formula> and at <inline-formula><tex-math>$60 ,{mathrm{min}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> by <inline-formula><tex-math>$12.7 %$</tex-math></inline-formula>. Finally, the distributed optimization is deployed on real-time target machines to showcase the applicability of the approach on actual controller and communication hardware.","PeriodicalId":52675,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"7 ","pages":"1155-1171"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11595949","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148626344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DLQR-Based Resonant Current Control Scheme for Torque Ripple Minimization in Nonsinusoidal PMSMs","authors":"Lucas Rossato Rocha;Paulo H. A. S. Silva;Emmanuel Adamski de Moura;Rodrigo Padilha Vieira","doi":"10.1109/OJIES.2026.3710684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIES.2026.3710684","url":null,"abstract":"Permanent-magnet synchronous motors often exhibit nonsinusoidal back-electromotive force (back-EMF) waveform, which can result in undesirable torque ripple. To address this drawback, this article proposes a discrete linear quadratic regulator (DLQR)-based adaptive resonant current control method and a systematic gain design methodology to ensure proper current tracking over a wide speed range. Unlike the conventional field-oriented control (FOC) strategies, the proposed control architecture is composed of two main components: a state-feedback controller for constant <inline-formula><tex-math>$i_{dq}$</tex-math></inline-formula> components, designed via pole placement; and multiresonant controllers for tracking current harmonics, tuned using the DLQR algorithm. This approach allows the injection of current harmonics into the motor to interact with the nonsinusoidal back-EMF, resulting in torque ripple reduction. Since the resonant controllers depend on the electrical synchronous speed, their gains are updated online using polynomial interpolation, enabling stable and effective operation across a wide speed range. The proposed scheme resulted in a reduction of 45.45% of torque ripple when compared with classic FOC control and 33.45% when compared with a known method from the literature.","PeriodicalId":52675,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"7 ","pages":"1172-1186"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11595738","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148626860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fully Soft-Switched Nonisolated Bidirectional Converter With Enhanced Conversion Ratio","authors":"Fereshteh Ahmadi;Hosein Farzanehfard;Ehsan Adib;Hani Vahedi","doi":"10.1109/OJIES.2026.3730367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIES.2026.3730367","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces a fully soft-switched nonisolated high-step-down/up bidirectional converter. The proposed structure utilizes two magnetic cores, one is the high-voltage side inductor and the other is a multipurpose core providing both a high conversion ratio as well as soft-switching conditions. Soft switching is facilitated by the energy stored in the leakage inductance, enabling zero-voltage switching for both main switches. The converter has the merits of a wide input voltage range and reduced switch current stress due to an extended duty cycle at high-step-down state. In addition, employing one of the two main switches as a synchronous rectifier in each direction reduces conduction loss and enhances overall efficiency. Although utilizing four switches in its structure, the converter needs only three gate signals in each direction. All these features result in a highly efficient, easily controlled, with enhanced step-down/up conversion ratio. A prototype of the proposed converter operating at 100 W and 100 kHz with 400 V high-side and 24 V low-side voltages is implemented, and the experimental results exhibit 97.84% / 97.5% efficiency in high-step-down/up directions.","PeriodicalId":52675,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"7 ","pages":"1445-1456"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11676050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Teleoperation With Autoelimination of Probing Signal for Environmental Impedance Identification Considering Operability","authors":"Akira Takakura;Izumi Kotani;Kazuki Yane;Takahiro Nozaki","doi":"10.1109/OJIES.2026.3677490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIES.2026.3677490","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental impedance recognition is important for abstracting human dexterous motion characteristics. One of the methods to abstract such beneficial information is bilateral teleoperation, which expresses the interaction between the human and the object. To identify the environmental impedance, injecting a probing signal with a wide range of frequency components is an effective method for improving system identification performance. However, such signals introduce vibration components that deteriorate human operability; therefore, there is a tradeoff between identification performance and operability. Hence, a probing signal autoelimination method based on the environmental impedance identification error is proposed. When the identification error is adequately small, the probing signal should be eliminated to avoid disturbance. Conversely, when the identification error increases because of environmental variation, the probing signal is reinjected. The proposed method can adaptively switch between injection and elimination of the probing signal according to changes in the environment. Furthermore, the effect of the probing signal is analytically formulated, and its characteristics are clarified. Therefore, the proposed approach overcomes the tradeoff between identification performance and operability. The effectiveness of the proposed method is experimentally validated by evaluating the convergence of identified impedance parameters and the squared identification residual under spring-type environments.","PeriodicalId":52675,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"7 ","pages":"712-722"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11456199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148492610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}