Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria最新文献_第5页

Validez y confiabilidad de la Wong-Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS) en estudiantes cubanos de Estomatología en tiempos de COVID-19 [COVID-19时代古巴牙科学生黄氏情商量表（WLEIS）的有效性和可靠性]。

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.10.001

{"title":"Validez y confiabilidad de la Wong-Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS) en estudiantes cubanos de Estomatología en tiempos de COVID-19","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The pandemic produced by SARS-CoV-2 impacted on educative systems, which justifies the necessity of research about the emotional capacities of the university students to face the challenges that COVID-19 imposes.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyze the evidences of validity and reliability of the Wong-Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS) in Cuban dental students.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional study with instrumental design. The scale was administered through a virtual questionnaire and later distributed by means of social networks to 307 students (81 male and 226 female). A confirmatory factorial analysis was performed and the intern consistency and the relation between the scale and other variables were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Through the confirmatory factorial analysis, the model of four correlationated factors was evaluated and an adequate adjust was found, χ<sup>2</sup>(98)=303.1, <em>P</em>          =0.84, ω<sub>OEA</sub>  =0.83 and ω<sub>UROE</sub>  <!-->0.91. With respect to the relation of WLEIS with other variables, we had correlations ranging from 0.22 and 0.51 with general well-being, and inverse correlations ranging from −1 and −0.29 of three of its dimensions with depression, showing evidences of convergent and discriminant validity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The WLEIS in Cuban dental students in COVID-19 times resulted be valid and reliable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 246-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40515053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relación entre el consumo de alcohol y el deterioro cognitivo en población adulta mayor de 60 años: una revisión sistemática 60岁以上成年人饮酒与认知障碍的关系：系统回顾

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.08.004

{"title":"Relación entre el consumo de alcohol y el deterioro cognitivo en población adulta mayor de 60 años: una revisión sistemática","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Alcohol is the most consumed substance in Western culture and its use is a causal factor in more than 200 diseases and disorders. Our objective was to determine the relationship between alcohol consumption and cognitive impairment in people aged ≥60, and identify which cognitive functions are most affected by prolonged alcohol consumption.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Search in MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Psicodoc, Cochrane and Web of Science databases. The search was limited to articles published from 2010 to 2020. A total of 8,716 articles were obtained. Those repeated and unrelated to the topic were eliminated, leaving a total of seven articles: five longitudinal studies, covering the relationship between alcohol and cognitive impairment; and two cross-sectional studies, which helped identify which cognitive functions are more affected. This systematic review was carried out in accordance with the criteria of the PRISMA statement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most of the studies found conclude that no or excessive alcohol consumption is associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment, compared to moderate consumption. In addition, excessive and prolonged alcohol consumption can evolve into secondary alcoholic dementia such as Marchiafava-Bignami disease, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome or pellagra. In people with alcohol use disorder, the cognitive functions that are most affected are executive functions, visuospatial skills, attention and memory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 385-395"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48158969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estructura Interna y Validez del Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test Versión Niños en una Muestra Colombiana de Estudiantes de Secundaria 哥伦比亚中学生阅读《眼中的心》测试版儿童的内部结构和有效性

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.07.002

{"title":"Estructura Interna y Validez del Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test Versión Niños en una Muestra Colombiana de Estudiantes de Secundaria","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and objectives</h3><div>Social cognition is a broad set of processes related to interpersonal interaction, social adjustment, and a whole array of complex social behaviours. Disturbances in these processes are a key feature of many psychiatric disorders, therefore the adaptation and validation of assessment tools to measure social cognition performance are critical for correct diagnosis and treatment. One popular assessment tool is the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), which is used to measure individual ability regarding social cognition skills. Despite its remarkable popularity, to date there is no record about its psychometric features in Spanish-speaking children. Therefore, the aim of this research was to assess the internal consistency, convergent validity, and factorial structure of the RMET in children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Our sample consisted of school students (n=509; 315 males, and 194 females) from sixth to ninth grade with ages ranging from 10 to 16 years old.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The RMET has acceptable internal consistency, moderate convergent validity, and acceptable adjustment to a unidimensional factorial structure that could be improved by using a shortened version. No significant differences between sex and age groups were found, average performance scores of each test seem to be similar to those from akin cultural backgrounds (Spain or Argentina).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The RMET has acceptable reliability and validity and is therefore a suitable test for differentiating theory of mind skills in typically developing populations. Its psychometric properties should be investigated in clinical samples and other age groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 229-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46687944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalencia y Factores Asociados con las Quejas Cognitivas Subjetivas del Personal Sanitario Latinoamericano Durante la Pandemia de COVID-19 [COVID-19大流行期间拉丁美洲卫生工作者主观认知抱怨的流行程度和相关因素]。

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.07.008

{"title":"Prevalencia y Factores Asociados con las Quejas Cognitivas Subjetivas del Personal Sanitario Latinoamericano Durante la Pandemia de COVID-19","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>An increase in emotional disturbances and complaints about cognitive performance has been observed in Latin American healthcare workers during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which can affect attention capacity and increase the levels of stress and burnout of these professionals. The objective was to analyse subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) and associated factors in health personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic in five Latin American countries.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Multicentre cross-sectional study, which included 3,738 professionals from Colombia, Chile, Argentina, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Peru. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess depression, and the Mini-Z to assess Burnout. For the SCC, an item on cognitive concerns in attention and memory was used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of cognitive complaints was 69.2%. The factors associated with a higher risk of SCC were the scores in the GAD-7, PHQ and Mini-Z, in addition to being part of the Ecuadorian health personnel.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There is a high prevalence of SCC in health personnel, which is modulated by emotional states and stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 340-346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33461529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dilemas y ética del cuidado: conservar y cuidar la autonomía de la persona con demencia 护理的困境和伦理:保持和照顾痴呆症患者的自主权

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.11.002

{"title":"Dilemas y ética del cuidado: conservar y cuidar la autonomía de la persona con demencia","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Dementias constitute a group of diseases that notoriously affect people who suffer from them, especially in terms of their independence and decision-making, leading the caregiver to assume or make various decisions about the patient. However, in the past this was explained by the fact that there was a theoretical and narrative insufficiency around patients with dementia, which led us to ignore that they still conserved their decision-making capacity as well as their autonomy.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This text proposes to defend the existence of autonomy in these patients and a way about how we can take care of it and preserve it in the medical field, through an ethical position based on the care and recognition of vulnerability.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>An approach focused on the ethics of care and vulnerability by Ronald Dworkin, Emmanuel Levinas and Corine Pelluchon focused on the person with dementia. I introduced a scale that allows assessing autonomy and decision-making in people with dementia.</div></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><div>To guarantee the dignity of the person with dementia, it is necessary to understand how they are autonomous, in terms of self-governance and seeking to reduce asymmetries in relationships. In addition, always include caregivers and family members in decision-making.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>People with dementia are autonomous in an individual or personal sense and deserve respect. Although they are in a state of vulnerability, there are different mechanisms focused on their care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 295-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47808800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Horizon, Zenith and Atmosphere (1925) Paul Klee 地平线、天顶和大气层（1925 年）保罗-克利

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2024.09.001

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Anxiety Symptoms Among Health Care Workers in Colombia During the COVID-19 Pandemic 科维德-19 大流行期间哥伦比亚医护人员焦虑症状的流行情况。

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2023.01.004

{"title":"Prevalence of Anxiety Symptoms Among Health Care Workers in Colombia During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety symptoms in a Colombian HCW sample during the COVID-19 pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was carried out by means of an online survey (May–June 2020). Respondents were HCWs in Colombia reached by a nonprobability sample. Zung's self-rating anxiety scale allowed the estimation of prevalence and classification of anxiety symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 568 HCWs answered the questionnaire, 66.0% were women, the mean age was 38.6±11.4 years. 28.9% presented with anxiety symptoms, of whom 9.2% were moderate–severe. Characteristics such as living with relatives at higher risk of mortality from COVID-19 infection (OR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.308–2.762), female sex (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.422–3.277), and personal history of psychiatric illness (OR: 3.41; 95% CI: 2.08–5.57) were associated with higher levels of anxiety. Access to sufficient personal protective equipment (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.318–0.903) and age >40 years (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.358–0.789) were associated with lower anxiety levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Anxious symptoms are common in the population of HCWs faced with patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Different strategies are required to intervene with subgroups at risk of developing higher levels of anxiety during the pandemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 302-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9306240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estrategias para el tratamiento del paciente agitado: trato digno y reducción del riesgo de daños 躁动患者的治疗策略:有尊严的治疗和减少伤害风险

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.05.006

{"title":"Estrategias para el tratamiento del paciente agitado: trato digno y reducción del riesgo de daños","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of the profound changes in the fields of psychiatry and mental health, a process of redefinition of mechanical or physical restraint has been developed. From an ethical point of view, physical restraint is a useful and even necessary procedure, as long as it is adjusted to precise clinical indications. It should be established as a last therapeutic resource that is used in extreme situations to control behaviours that involve a high risk for the patient himself, for other people in his or her environment and for health professionals, after all other alternative measures such as the verbal approach or containment, environmental and / or behavioural measures and pharmacological containment have failed.</div><div>In some cases, the possibility of applying physical restriction and the use of forced medication is proposed, however, it has been observed that they may become non-therapeutic measures, as well as damage the patient-doctor relationship and be perceived by the patient as an aggression.</div><div>It is important that health professionals understand the ethical and therapeutic implications of physical restraint or forced medication, so that they are familiar with both its practice and theory, and to instruct staff on the proper management of the patient avoiding his or her dehumanisation. In the treatment of the agitated patient, it is essential to understand the precise indications for the application of therapeutic measures, since they should not be used punitively and it is expected that they be used as little as possible and only when other interventions have not been effective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 355-363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46981437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mental Imagery: Investigating the Limits of Mental Partitioning 心理想象探究心理分区的局限性

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2024.01.002

{"title":"Mental Imagery: Investigating the Limits of Mental Partitioning","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2024.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2024.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Do we form mental models which bear an analogical relation to the real world like those of a photograph? Has the language of thought an analogue nature (it makes use of mental imagery) or whether it is exclusively of digital nature like language?</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The basic aim of the present study is to contribute to the ongoing work on mental imagery by extending the research to an unexplored area that of mental partitioning.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The present research sample consisted of 498 participants (234 males and 264 females). We used the SPSS software package in order to analyze our data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>According to our results, we detected significant peculiarities in the cognitive performance of the participants in the tasks of mental partitioning of the Moebius strip, indicating certain limitations inherent in human thinking.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The position we are led to adopt is closer to that of Pylyshyn (2003), who maintained that visual mental imagery depends on abstract form of thought and on previous knowledge. Specifically, it rests on previous abstract propositional thought and knowledge rather than on concrete perceptual processes like the ones proposed by Kosslyn and Sheppard. The present work investigates a potentially valuable theoretical basis in imagery research for understanding maladaptive imagery across various related clinical disorders, while encouraging multidisciplinary approaches among cognitive psychological/neuroscientific and clinical domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 219-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140758065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adherencia al Tratamiento Psicofarmacológico de los Pacientes con Trastornos Mentales Graves y Persistentes: Revisión Sistemática 严重和持续性精神障碍患者的精神药理学治疗依从性:系统综述

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.01.006

María José Alvear Velásquez, Iván Patricio Sandoval Carrión

{"title":"Adherencia al Tratamiento Psicofarmacológico de los Pacientes con Trastornos Mentales Graves y Persistentes: Revisión Sistemática","authors":"María José Alvear Velásquez, Iván Patricio Sandoval Carrión","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>It is known that non-adherence to psychiatric medications has harmful consequences for both patients and society.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To collect information on the incidence of non-adherence, and the factors and causes affecting adherence to psychopharmacological treatment in patients with severe and persistent mental disorders.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic review of scientific articles on adult patients (>17 years) published in the last five years (2015-2020) on specialised databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Scielo and BioMed. Original articles from indexed journals with an impact factor>0.5, in English or Spanish, with an analytical, prospective, retrospective, cross-sectional and randomised design were included. Once the articles were identified, they were analysed, extracting the information necessary to answer the research questions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Fifteen articles were included. Of these, 40% (n=6) were published in 2020, 20% (n=3) were produced in China and 53.3% (n=8) had an observational design. A total of 5,837 patients were included, of which 50.6% were men (n=2,955), with moderate adherence (n=10; 66.7%) reported in 10 investigations. Non-adherence varies from 7.7% to 60.6%. The factors that affect adherence are specific to the patient (age and sex), their family support network, and related to the disease or the treatment. The main cause of non-adherence is lack of insight.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Adherence to treatment with psychotropic drugs is multifactorial. Access to mental health services should be improved, with an emphasis placed on patient education and providing greater knowledge of mental illness. Interventions to promote education and interaction with the psychiatrist could be beneficial.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 192-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46231306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0