{"title":"Pre-lacrimal window maxillary sinus surgery: a computed tomography analysis and classification.","authors":"Mohammad Waheed El-Anwar, Mohamed Kamel Alawady, Mohamed Alshawadfy, Mohamed Mohamed Rabea, Atef Hussein Elsayed","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2025.0023","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2025.0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pre-lacrimal window (PLW) approach is a promising technique for accessing otherwise inaccessible maxillary sinus lesions. The objective of this study was to determine the computed tomography (CT) dimensions, measurements, and grading of the PLW.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred paranasal CT scans were included in the study. For all subjects, axial images were obtained, and multiplanar reformats were used to obtain detailed views in the coronal and sagittal planes. The width of the PLW, the width of the nasolacrimal duct (NLD), and the angle between the axis of the NLD and the hard palate were measured and graded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 100 CT scans (200 sides), the mean PLW width was 5.6± 2.4 mm (range, 0-11.15 mm), the mean NLD width was 6.38± 1.84 mm (range, 1-11 mm), and the mean angle between the axis of the NLD and the hard palate was 68.6°± 6.77° (range, 54°-83°). There were no significant differences between sides or genders for any of the measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CT dimensions of the PLW should be carefully evaluated when considering different endoscopic approaches to, or through, the anterior aspect of the maxillary sinus. The current study enhances surgeon and radiologist awareness of PLW measurements and their variations, ultimately improving the application of the PLW approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 4","pages":"141-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma arising in a post-acupuncture keloid scar: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Minwoo Park, Sug Won Kim, Jiye Kim","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2025.0016","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2025.0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Keloids are benign fibroproliferative skin tumors that typically arise after cutaneous injuries, such as surgical incisions, burns, lacerations, tattoos, or infections. Malignant transformation of keloids is exceedingly rare, with only sporadic reports of squamous cell carcinoma. To date, sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma-an uncommon, highly aggressive squamous cell carcinoma variant-has not been described in association with keloidal scars. We present the first known case of sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma developing within a post‑acupuncture keloid scar, detailing its clinical presentation, histopathology, and surgical management. This report underscores the importance of malignancy screening in keloids displaying atypical features, particularly in trauma-exposed regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 4","pages":"160-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amanda Fazzalari, Uriel Sanchez-Rangel, Alexis Buckley, Branko Bojovic
{"title":"Pott puffy tumor following upper facial feminization surgery: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Amanda Fazzalari, Uriel Sanchez-Rangel, Alexis Buckley, Branko Bojovic","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2026.0005","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2026.0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pott puffy tumor (PPT) is characterized by frontal bone osteomyelitis associated with a subperiosteal abscess, presenting as a localized, firm swelling of the forehead. This report describes the first documented case of PPT in a patient following facial feminization surgery. We present a case involving a 30-year-old transgender female who developed PPT 1 year after undergoing upper third facial feminization surgery, specifically frontal bone reduction osteoplasty and anterior table frontal sinus setback osteoplasty. The patient experienced rapid resolution following operative exploration with thorough irrigation, in conjunction with intravenous antibiotics. Importantly, the aesthetic outcome post-resolution of PPT was satisfactory, with no observed soft tissue distortion or irregularity that compromised the feminizing effect of her previous surgery. This case underscores that such complications can be managed successfully without sacrificing the aesthetic goals of gender-affirming procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 4","pages":"165-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular-targeted therapy in ameloblastoma: a systematic review.","authors":"Lilies Dwi Sulistyani, Vera Julia, Dwi Ariawan, Mohammad Adhitya Latief, Yudy Ardilla Utomo, Aboy, Annisa Ghaisani, Dinda Fadhliana, Nurul Waqiah Mas'ud","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2025.0018","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2025.0018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic tumor that predominantly occurs in the mandible and is frequently associated with the BRAFV600E mutation, which activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. These mutations indicate potential targets for molecular therapies. This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of molecular-targeted therapies, particularly BRAF inhibitors such as dabrafenib and vemurafenib, in the treatment of ameloblastoma and their effects on clinical outcomes and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In accordance with PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42024627944), a comprehensive search of databases including PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus identified 4,620 studies, of which eight case reports met the inclusion criteria for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The selected case reports involved patients aged 13 to 85, most of whom had experienced prior surgical recurrences. Treatment with BRAF/MEK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase) inhibitors resulted in significant tumor regression and improved quality of life, although some manageable side effects were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BRAF inhibitors demonstrate promising efficacy in the management of ameloblastoma, especially in patients harboring BRAFV600E mutations. These therapies may reduce the necessity for extensive surgical procedures and enhance patient outcomes. Further research is needed to establish standardized treatment protocols and to assess long-term effects on recurrence and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 4","pages":"133-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamid Reza Fathi, Mohammad Mohammadi Arbati, Seyed Mousa Sadrhosseini, Mohammad Hadi Molseghi, Mahammad Davudov
{"title":"Midface defects caused by mucormycosis with a new classification: a retrospective study.","authors":"Hamid Reza Fathi, Mohammad Mohammadi Arbati, Seyed Mousa Sadrhosseini, Mohammad Hadi Molseghi, Mahammad Davudov","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2025.0002","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2025.0002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The most complex and debated aspect of head and neck reconstructive surgery is the management of midface defects caused by malignant or non-malignant diseases. This study proposes a new classification system for patients with midface defects arising from non-malignant and non-traumatic diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 107 patients with midface defects resulting from mucormycosis were evaluated according to the anatomical locations of involvement and the differences between the affected areas.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Diabetes was identified as the most common underlying disease, while the paranasal sinuses were the most frequently involved sites in cases of mucormycosis. Fourteen patients developed mucormycosis without any associated risk factors, and one patient exhibited brain tissue involvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to present a comprehensive classification system for patients presenting with midface defects due to mucormycosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 4","pages":"147-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Telepractice-based articulation therapy for children with cleft lip and palate: a clinical study using the Application for Articulation Therapy-Thai.","authors":"Sasalaksamon Chanachai, Sumita Duangprasert, Benjamas Prathanee","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2024.0092","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2024.0092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Compensatory articulation disorders are the most common issues among children with cleft palates with or without cleft lips (CP ± L). To improve their speech, these children typically require consistent, long-term speech therapy. During situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic or similar epidemics that necessitate social distancing, speech therapy becomes particularly challenging. Telemedicine or telepractice could serve as a strategy to facilitate speech therapy under these conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of telepractice using an application for articulation therapy in improving the percentage of correct consonants (PCC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighteen children with CP ± L (aged 5-13 years) were enrolled in a therapy program lasting 5 months. The Thai Speech Parameters for Patients with Cleft Palate in a Universal Reporting System test was administered to assess PCC before and after therapy. A total of 20 speech therapy sessions, comprising 15 telepractice sessions and five face-to-face sessions, were delivered using the Application for Articulation Therapy-Thai (AAT-T). The paired t-test was used to compare mean differences (MDs) in PCC scores before and after intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-intervention analysis demonstrated significant increases in mean PCC scores at both word and sentence levels (word level: MD, 17.20; standard deviation [SD], 17.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 8.56-25.83; sentence level: MD, 20.90; SD, 16.51; 95% CI, 12.69-29.11). These results indicate meaningful improvements in speech production accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Telepractice using the AAT-T was an effective strategy for articulation therapy in children with CP ± L, particularly in situations requiring social distancing.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 3","pages":"102-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ioannis Anagnostopoulos, Snigdha Pattanaik, Ahmed Zaky, Ahmed El-Motayam, Shishir Ram Shetty, Mais M Sadek
{"title":"Assessment of upper airway and temporomandibular joint changes in growing patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusion, treated with the Twin Block appliance: a retrospective cone-beam computed tomography study.","authors":"Ioannis Anagnostopoulos, Snigdha Pattanaik, Ahmed Zaky, Ahmed El-Motayam, Shishir Ram Shetty, Mais M Sadek","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2024.0093","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2024.0093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Twin Block (TWB) appliance is widely employed for treating Class II malocclusion in children and adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the three-dimensional treatment effects of the TWB on the upper airway and temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and to investigate the association between airway changes and TMJ alterations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study examined 24 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from 12 patients (mean age, 12.30 ± 1.24 years) diagnosed with Class II Division 1 malocclusion and treated with the TWB appliance. CBCT scans were acquired both at pretreatment (T0) and posttreatment (T1). Romexis 6.2.1 imaging software was used to assess changes in the upper airway and TMJ. The paired t-test was used to compare the pretreatment and posttreatment measurements, while Pearson correlation coefficient analysis evaluated the relationship between the upper airway and TMJ measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant increase was observed in the upper airway volume, condylar volume, and condylar dimensions after treatment. No significant correlation was detected between the upper airway and TMJ measurements at T0, T1, or in the net changes (T1-T0) during TWB therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Growing patients treated with the TWB appliance demonstrated a statistically significant increase in upper airway volume. In addition, there was a significant increase in condylar volume, width, and length, with the condyle repositioned more anteriorly within the glenoid fossa. However, no statistically significant correlation was found between the TMJ and upper airway measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 3","pages":"92-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trishala Annamalai Rajan, Elavenil Panneerselvam, Shri Krishna Prasanth Balasubramanian, Sasikala Balasubramanian, V B Krishna Kumar Raja
{"title":"Reduction of a malunited bilateral parasymphysis fracture using a Carrol-Girard screw: a case report.","authors":"Trishala Annamalai Rajan, Elavenil Panneerselvam, Shri Krishna Prasanth Balasubramanian, Sasikala Balasubramanian, V B Krishna Kumar Raja","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2026.0006","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2026.0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Restoration of skeletal form and occlusion in bilateral parasymphysis fractures is technically demanding due to the fragmented mandible and the unfavorable muscular biodynamics. Accurate reduction is crucial for restoring the sagittal projection and transverse dimension of the anterior mandible. This case report describes a straightforward technique that facilitates precise anatomical reduction and stabilization during fixation of the central fragment using a Carroll-Girard screw.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 3","pages":"129-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of jaw fractures in motorcycle accidents: a systematic review.","authors":"Andi Muhammad Arif, Andi Tajrin, Nurwahida","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2025.0008","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2025.0008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The mandible and maxilla are the most robust facial bones, protecting the facial skull. Fractures of these bones rank among the most common facial injuries sustained in motor vehicle accidents due to the exposed location of the face. Such injuries can have serious health consequences, from functional impairment to death.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The review adhered to the PRISMA Guidelines. Conducted across four electronic databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. Keywords were selected based on a search strategy structured around the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome framework. Risk of bias was assessed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The literature search yielded 42 articles published in the last 5 years (2019-2024). After the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, six articles met the eligibility criteria. Data from these studies, along with their bias assessments, were summarized in tabular format.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The reported incidence of maxillary and mandibular fractures varies across studies. The summarized analysis in this article indicates various fracture patterns. This review also emphasizes the role of trauma severity indices-essential tools for prognostic evaluation, treatment planning, and cost of injury assessment in trauma patients-along with their applications in situations involving triage and multidisciplinary scientific approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 3","pages":"85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}