Archives of Craniofacial Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of jaw fractures in motorcycle accidents: a systematic review.","authors":"Andi Muhammad Arif, Andi Tajrin, Nurwahida","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2025.0008","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2025.0008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The mandible and maxilla are the most robust facial bones, protecting the facial skull. Fractures of these bones rank among the most common facial injuries sustained in motor vehicle accidents due to the exposed location of the face. Such injuries can have serious health consequences, from functional impairment to death.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The review adhered to the PRISMA Guidelines. Conducted across four electronic databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. Keywords were selected based on a search strategy structured around the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome framework. Risk of bias was assessed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The literature search yielded 42 articles published in the last 5 years (2019-2024). After the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, six articles met the eligibility criteria. Data from these studies, along with their bias assessments, were summarized in tabular format.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The reported incidence of maxillary and mandibular fractures varies across studies. The summarized analysis in this article indicates various fracture patterns. This review also emphasizes the role of trauma severity indices-essential tools for prognostic evaluation, treatment planning, and cost of injury assessment in trauma patients-along with their applications in situations involving triage and multidisciplinary scientific approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 3","pages":"85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of a malunited bilateral parasymphysis fracture using a Carrol-Girard screw: a case report.","authors":"Trishala Annamalai Rajan, Elavenil Panneerselvam, Shri Krishna Prasanth Balasubramanian, Sasikala Balasubramanian, V B Krishna Kumar Raja","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2026.0006","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2026.0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Restoration of skeletal form and occlusion in bilateral parasymphysis fractures is technically demanding due to the fragmented mandible and the unfavorable muscular biodynamics. Accurate reduction is crucial for restoring the sagittal projection and transverse dimension of the anterior mandible. This case report describes a straightforward technique that facilitates precise anatomical reduction and stabilization during fixation of the central fragment using a Carroll-Girard screw.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 3","pages":"129-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconstruction of large facial defects using three or more local flaps.","authors":"Min Hak Lee, Changryul Claud Yi, Hoon Soo Kim, Yong Chan Bae","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2024.0045","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2024.0045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Free flaps, skin grafts, and local flaps are viable options for reconstructing large facial defects. When skin grafts, free flaps, or a single local flap are either not feasible or unlikely to yield satisfactory results, reconstruction can be performed using three or more local flaps. To evaluate the effectiveness of this surgical technique, this study analyzed the outcomes of reconstructions that utilized three or more local flaps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 10 patients who underwent facial reconstruction with three or more flaps following Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) for skin cancer from 2016 to 2021. We investigated the types of flaps used, complications, and the recurrence rates of skin cancer. Patient satisfaction regarding color, contour, and scar was assessed through a questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 10 patients, nine underwent reconstruction with three flaps, while one patient required four flaps. There were no major complications such as flap loss. Partial necrosis occurred in one patient but was successfully managed with conservative treatment. There were no recurrences of the skin cancer that caused the initial defect, and overall patient satisfaction was high. Patients expressed high satisfaction with color, but lower satisfaction with contour and scar.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For large facial defects where free flaps or skin grafts would yield aesthetically or functionally inferior results, and reconstruction with a single flap is challenging, the application of three or more flaps has achieved good surgical outcomes. Utilizing three or more flaps can be considered a clinically useful method for reconstructing large facial defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 3","pages":"109-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and treatment of verrucous carcinoma of the lip: a case report.","authors":"Hye Mi Lee, Eun Jung Jang, Young Cheon Na","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2024.0058","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2024.0058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Verrucous carcinoma, a variant of squamous cell carcinoma, is notable for its lower aggressiveness; however, it presents considerable diagnostic challenges. This tumor is often misdiagnosed, leading to delays in treatment. We describe the case of an 84-year-old woman with verrucous carcinoma presenting as a warty lesion on the lip. The initial biopsy established a diagnosis of verrucous carcinoma, after which wedge resection with a lateral advancement flap was performed. Although the operation was successful, tumor recurrence was observed at the surgical site within several weeks, and a subsequent biopsy identified squamous cell carcinoma. Further surgical intervention proved effective, with no recurrence observed 6 months after treatment. This case emphasizes the importance of precise diagnosis and vigilant management in verrucous carcinoma, highlighting the need for clinicians and pathologists to recognize atypical progression, including hybrid variants. Further research is needed to refine diagnostic criteria and therapeutic strategies for this distinctive and unpredictable malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 3","pages":"124-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of orthognathic surgery on emotional expression and smile aesthetics in Chinese patients as measured by FaceReader: a before-and-after study.","authors":"Thanapoom Boonipat, Jason Lin, Sai Cherukuri, Zhi Yang Ng, Eugene Yu-Jen Chen, Chuan-Fong Yao","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2025.0007","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2025.0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The attractiveness of a person's smile is influenced by several factors, including gingival display, incisor show, and facial asymmetries. Malocclusion has long been recognized as having a significant negative impact on smile aesthetics. Addressing dentofacial deformities is a major treatment goal in orthodontic and orthognathic interventions, aiming to improve both functional and aesthetic outcomes. We sought to quantify and assess the impact of orthognathic surgery on a patient's expression of happiness within their smile, thereby addressing the current research gap in this highly subjective field.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized FaceReader, a commercially available and previously validated artificial intelligence (AI) system, to analyze preoperative and postoperative facial photographs of 216 Chinese patients who underwent orthognathic surgery between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2022. The AI software measures seven cardinal emotions and associated facial action units, providing an objective evaluation of emotional outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings indicated a significant postoperative increase in patients' expression of \"happiness\" while smiling, accompanied by a concurrent decrease in their estimated age. Patients with insufficient incisor show and open bite exhibited notable improvements in emotional expression, while those with a gummy smile showed no significant change. Additionally, stratification based on malocclusion classification (class I, II, III) revealed consistent improvements in emotional outcome scores among class II and III patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings underscore the potential of AI in providing objective insights into emotional changes following orthognathic surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 3","pages":"115-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-house dental lab-based cranial prosthesis fabrication: a technical note.","authors":"Gunjan Chouksey, Babu Lal, Prateek Shakti, Vineeta Yadav, Jitendra Kumar, Zenish R Bhatti","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2024.00185","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2024.00185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cranial prostheses are frequently required for patients with cranial defects secondary to trauma, decompressive craniectomy, or other pathologies. When the resected or craniotomized bone cannot be reused, cranioplasty with artificial materials offers both aesthetic and protective benefits. However, high-end custom-made options, like polyether ether ketone or titanium prostheses, are expensive and not widely available. Heat-cured polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) prostheses are generally preferred over their cold-cured counterparts. In-house dental laboratories can provide a cost-effective and practical solution by employing a lost-wax technique akin to denture fabrication, utilizing a three-dimensional printed custom open mold. Fabricating large heatcured PMMA cranioplasts presents certain challenges, such as the need for large flasks and potential porosity. These can be overcome by using a large stainless steel container (a tiffin box) and M-Seal epoxy to ensure an airtight curing process. This method can be easily adopted by standard dental laboratories. At our center, four patients have successfully fitted with cranioplasty prostheses produced using this technique. Even though the patients are outside of the scope of this technical note all of them indicated high satisfaction, and no complications were reported. This straightforward approach demonstrates that in-house, heat-cured PMMA cranioplasts can represent a viable, cost-effective option for cranial reconstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"80-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical elastofibroma of the philtrum mimicking rosacea: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Minwoo Park, Sug Won Kim, Chae Eun Yang, Jiye Kim","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2026.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7181/acfs.2026.0002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elastofibroma is a rare soft tissue tumor that most commonly occurs in the subscapular region. It has also been reported in several other anatomical locations. To our knowledge, no previous reports have described elastofibromas in the anterior aspect of the face. A 36-year-old man with intellectual disability was referred to our department for the evaluation of a painless multinodular lesion on the philtrum. The lesion was initially misdiagnosed as a dermatologic condition by the department of dermatology and was treated accordingly, however, it worsened, prompting referral to our department. We performed a surgical excision of the lesion and reconstructed the resulting skin defect with a skin graft. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of elastofibroma. This case underscores the importance of including elastofibroma in the differential diagnosis of facial neoplasms, particularly when the presentation is phymatous.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 2","pages":"76-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidisciplinary approach for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Senthilkumar Annamalai, Arunkumar Kamalakaran, Balaji Jayaraman, Anushya Selvakumar, Harish Suresh Kulkarni","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2024.0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7181/acfs.2024.0091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a relatively rare but well-documented complication of bisphosphonate therapy. Bisphosphonates are prescribed to millions of patients for the treatment of osteoporosis, Paget's disease, multiple myeloma, bone metastases, and other bone-related conditions. These drugs inhibit bone resorption by binding to hydroxyapatite, particularly in areas of active resorption, thereby preventing osteoclasts from attaching to the bone. Long-term bisphosphonate therapy is considered a primary risk factor for MRONJ. Bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis typically manifests as exposed alveolar bone, which may occur spontaneously or following invasive dental procedures such as extractions, apicectomies, or implant placement. This case report describes a female who developed osteonecrosis in the maxilla and mandible after undergoing bisphosphonate therapy for multiple myeloma and subsequent tooth extractions.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 2","pages":"70-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061783/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The most preferred method of management of displaced pediatric mandibular fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Satnam Singh Jolly, Kamaljit Kaur, Vidya Rattan, Apoorva Singh, Tanvi Kiran","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2026.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7181/acfs.2026.0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are diverse treatment modalities available for managing pediatric dentate mandibular fractures, ranging from various closed reduction techniques to open reduction methods. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the most appropriate and preferred management method for pediatric dentate mandibular fractures, focusing on outcomes such as wound infection and malocclusion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was performed using the PubMed Central and Scopus databases from January 1980 to December 2022, following PRISMA guidelines. The inclusion criteria comprised case reports with more than 10 cases, clinical trials, and prospective and retrospective clinical studies addressing the management of displaced dentate-segment mandibular fractures in patients up to 15 years old using open and/or closed reduction techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six retrospective studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The primary outcomes assessed were wound infection and malocclusion. The pooled estimate for wound infection significantly favored the maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) group (p= 0.0007). In contrast, although the pooled estimate for malocclusion favored surgical treatment, the difference was not statistically significant (p= 0.86).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The risk of wound infection is significantly lower with MMF in pediatric mandibular fractures, while open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) using miniplates is associated with a relatively lower risk of malocclusion, although this difference is not statistically significant. The authors conclude that, based on reduced wound infection rates, MMF should be the preferred management approach, whereas ORIF should be reserved for severely displaced and comminuted fractures. Future randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes are needed to validate and strengthen these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":"26 2","pages":"43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144058152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is chitosan-based dressing more effective than gauze pressure in achieving early hemostasis after dental extractions in patients with deranged coagulation profiles?","authors":"Satnam Singh Jolly, Vidya Rattan","doi":"10.7181/acfs.2024.0082","DOIUrl":"10.7181/acfs.2024.0082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chitosan, a cationic polysaccharide, exerts hemostatic activity by promoting platelet adhesion and aggregation. This clinical study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of chitosan-based dental dressing in achieving early local hemostasis, in comparison to gauze packs, after dental extractions in patients with deranged coagulation profiles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 102 patients (204 extraction sites), of whom 86 were on anticoagulant therapy,15 had liver cirrhosis, and one with thrombocytopenic purpura required two or more tooth extractions. These sites were randomly divided into test and control sites. Patients with deranged coagulation profiles, including an international normalized ratio of 1.5-4, altered prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and decreased platelet counts, were selected. Hemostasis was assessed at 10, 30, and 60 minutes post-extraction. Patients were evaluated on days 1, 3, and 7 for dry sockets and other adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hemostasis was achieved in 83.1% of test sites within 10 minutes, compared to only 18.8% of control sites. By 30 minutes, an additional 16.8% of test sites had achieved hemostasis versus an additional 16.7% of control sites. By 60 minutes, a further 5.9% of test sites had achieved hemostasis, compared to 63.7% of control sites. The mean postoperative hemostasis times were 15.10± 12.88 minutes for test sites and 45.20± 20.62 minutes for control sites. Dry socket incidence was slightly higher in test sites, but this tendency was not statistically significant (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study suggests that chitosan-based dental dressing facilitates early local hemostasis after tooth extraction in anticoagulated patients or patients with bleeding disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":52238,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"65-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}