IEEE Journal on Multiscale and Multiphysics Computational Techniques最新文献

{"title":"Equivalent Circuit Model Development Accounting for Mutual-Coupling Effects","authors":"Chandan Roy;Ke Wu","doi":"10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3396801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3396801","url":null,"abstract":"Mutual-coupling effects are of utmost importance in the development of high-frequency circuits and systems. However, it is a common practice to ignore those couplings when establishing equivalent circuit models. Neglecting these couplings leads to inaccurate circuit modelling. Therefore, it becomes imperative to account for mutual couplings in the development of accurate equivalent circuit models. This work presents a holistic process for synthesizing the equivalent circuit model of an electromagnetic (EM) field structure that incorporates mutual couplings of varying orders. The proposed high-order framework begins by developing equivalent circuit models for each individual transmission line discontinuity within the target circuit. Subsequently, the mutual couplings of different orders are extracted in a step-by-step manner. Throughout this process, full-wave EM simulations are deployed, along with a circuit parameter extraction method that utilizes de-embedded circuit responses. By combining these techniques, a comprehensive and accurate equivalent circuit model is generated, enabling a detailed analysis of the target field model structure, and facilitating a deeper understanding of its electrical and magnetic behavior and performance. This paper utilizes a three-step microstrip discontinuity structure and a third-order parallel coupled microstrip filter as examples for theoretical and experimental demonstration of the proposed technique.","PeriodicalId":52176,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Multiscale and Multiphysics Computational Techniques","volume":"9 ","pages":"166-178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140919115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considering Capacitive Effects in Foil Winding Homogenization","authors":"Jonas Bundschuh;Yvonne Späck-Leigsnering;Herbert De Gersem","doi":"10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3396823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3396823","url":null,"abstract":"In conventional finite element simulations, foil windings with a thin foil and many turns require many mesh elements. This renders models quickly computationally infeasible. With the use of homogenization approaches, the finite element mesh does not need to resolve the small-scale structure of the foil winding domain. Present homogenization approaches take resistive and inductive effects into account. With an increase of the operation frequency of foil windings, however, capacitive effects between adjacent turns in the foil winding become relevant. This paper presents an extension to the standard foil winding model that covers the capacitive behavior of foil windings.","PeriodicalId":52176,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Multiscale and Multiphysics Computational Techniques","volume":"9 ","pages":"179-187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10520880","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141084804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electromagnetic-Circuital-Thermal-Mechanical Multiphysics Numerical Simulation Method for Microwave Circuits","authors":"Huan Huan Zhang;Zheng Lang Jia;Peng Fei Zhang;Ying Liu;Li Jun Jiang;Da Zhi Ding","doi":"10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3372619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3372619","url":null,"abstract":"A electromagnetic-circuital-thermal-mechanical mu- ltiphysics numerical method is proposed for the simulation of microwave circuits. The discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (DGTD) method is adopted for electromagnetic simulation. The time-domain finite element method (FEM) is utilized for thermal simulation. The circuit equation is applied for circuit simulation. The mechanical simulation is also carried out by FEM method. A flexible and unified multiphysics field coupling mechanism is constructed to cover various electromagnetic, circuital, thermal and mechanical multiphysics coupling scenarios. Finally, three numerical examples emulating outer space environment, intense electromagnetic pulse (EMP) injection and high power microwave (HPM) illumination are utilized to demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency, and capability of the proposed method. The proposed method provides a versatile and powerful tool for the design and analysis of microwave circuits characterized by intertwined electromagnetic, circuital, thermal and stress behaviors.","PeriodicalId":52176,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Multiscale and Multiphysics Computational Techniques","volume":"9 ","pages":"129-141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140161236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spin and Orbital Angular Momenta of Electromagnetic Waves: From Classical to Quantum Forms","authors":"Wei E. I. Sha;Zhihao Lan;Menglin L. N. Chen;Yongpin P. Chen;Sheng Sun","doi":"10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3370729","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3370729","url":null,"abstract":"Angular momenta of electromagnetic waves are important both in concepts and applications. In this work, we systematically discuss two types of angular momenta, i.e., spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum in various cases, e.g., with source and without source, in classical and quantum forms. Numerical results demonstrating how to extract the topological charge of a classical vortex beam by spectral method are also presented.","PeriodicalId":52176,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Multiscale and Multiphysics Computational Techniques","volume":"9 ","pages":"113-117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10453653","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140080926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electro-Geometrical Sensitivity Analysis of Electromagnetic Cavity BP-NGD Equalization","authors":"Blaise Ravelo;Hongyu Du;Glauco Fontgalland;Fayu Wan","doi":"10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3367604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3367604","url":null,"abstract":"This article considers an electro-thermo-geometrical Multiphysics analysis of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) resonance problem solution by using bandpass (BP) type negative group delay (NGD) equalization method. The rectangular cavity electric model based on EMC frequency domain S-parameter analysis is introduced. The unfamiliar BP-NGD function is specified in order to size the lumped electrical components of the suitable RLC-network based topology. The BP-NGD equalization principle is described including the Multiphysics synoptic analysis by means of electro- thermo-geometrical approach of the problem. The BP-NGD equalization methodology is proposed. The feasibility study of the EMC resonance equalization method is validated by considering a proof-of-concept constituted by 232.9×28×3.8 cm-size rectangular cavity. The BP-NGD active circuit is designed as equalizer by using RLC-series network. The EMC solution is verified by the BP-NGD POC specified by −4 ns NGD value at 0.644 MHz center frequency stating resonance effect reduction with 1-dB flatness. Furthermore, time-domain signal integrity (SI) analysis confirms the EMC cavity resonance resolution by showing output delay, over/under shoot reduction and also input-output cross correlation improvement from 89% to 99%.","PeriodicalId":52176,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Multiscale and Multiphysics Computational Techniques","volume":"9 ","pages":"118-128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140123315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Fast Iterative Physical Optics Method With Quadratic Amplitude and Phase Integral Terms","authors":"Yang Su;Yu Mao Wu","doi":"10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3358327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3358327","url":null,"abstract":"The iterative physical optics (IPO) method is a valuable technique for analyzing coupled scattering problems. In contrast to the fast physical optics (FPO) method, this article proposes an iterative physical optics method based on quadratic quadrilateral patches (QIPO). Specifically, quadratic patches in the QIPO method offer higher-order accuracy in calculating normal vectors which greatly benefits the accuracy of the iterative induction current. Then, a lit-shadow judgment criterion is introduced, and a general iteration formulation for proposed method is presented. Additionally, new amplitude and phase function expressions suitable for the QIPO method are proposed to accurately compute the far-field results. It is also verified for the case of discretization with quadratic triangular patches (QTIPO). To address numerical singularities, the QIPO method considers a linear phase function, where closed-form solution are provided. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the treatment in handling singular cases. The accuracy of the QIPO method is validated through comparisons with existing results. Finally, numerical examples confirm that the proposed method reduces the number of patches, minimizes the computational cost of induced current iteration, and accurately calculates far-field results.","PeriodicalId":52176,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Multiscale and Multiphysics Computational Techniques","volume":"9 ","pages":"92-103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139727579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast Analysis of Broadband Electromagnetic Scattering Problems by Combining Hyper Basis Functions-Based MoM With Compressive Sensing","authors":"Zhonggen Wang;Chenwei Li;Yufa Sun;Wenyan Nie;Xuejun Zhang;Pan Wang","doi":"10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3355976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3355976","url":null,"abstract":"The hyper basis functions (HBF)-based MoM has been proven to be an efficient numerical method to analyze broadband electromagnetic scattering problems. However, this method costs a lot of time to reconstruct the impedance matrix and reduced matrix at each frequency point. In order to solve the above problem, a novel method combining HBF-based MoM and compressive sensing (CS) has been proposed in this paper. The proposed method first applies the characteristic modes (CM) derived at the highest frequency point as the HBF for solving the scattering problems at lower frequency points, and performs sparse transform of the induced currents as the sparse basis for the CS framework. Then the measurement matrix is constructed using the method of uniformly extracting the impedance matrix by rows to obtain stable calculation results. Finally, according to the prior condition that a few CM are sufficient to characterize the surface currents approximately, the recovery algorithm is simplified least square method to reconstruct the current coefficients. Numerical simulation results show that it can significantly improve the efficiency of solving broadband electromagnetic problems compared with HBF-based MoM.","PeriodicalId":52176,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Multiscale and Multiphysics Computational Techniques","volume":"9 ","pages":"84-91"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139710586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Q-Factor for AM-SLM Cavity Based Resonators Using Surface Roughness Models","authors":"Qazi Mashaal Khan;Dan Kuylenstierna","doi":"10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3354489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3354489","url":null,"abstract":"This research delves into losses of X-band cavity resonators manufactured using additive manufacturing-selective laser melting (AM-SLM) compared to the standard subtractive manufacturing milling technology. Measured losses are benchmarked in terms of resonator (quality) \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$Q$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-factor. The measured data is further modelled using the Groiss and one-ball Huray models taking into account the implications of surface roughness and electrical conductivity. The unloaded \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$Q$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-factor is derived from frequency-dependent scattering (\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$S$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000) parameters obtained from measurements and full-wave simulations. Surface roughness was found to impact the \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$Q$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-factor significantly and the resonant frequency marginally. Cavities based on AM-SLM technology exhibit higher roughness compared to milling and lowers the \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$Q$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-factor. A fusion of both manufacturing methods by milling AM-SLM cavity walls demonstrates an augmented \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$Q$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-factor compared to a directly printed cavity. In the study it was also found that the Groiss model tends to overestimate the \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$Q$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-factor owing to AM-SLM's rougher surface, while the one-ball Huray model furnishes precise projections by establishing a link between surface roughness and powder particles. Electrical conductivity's influence on \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$Q$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-factor was also investigated, showing negligible impact with increased surface roughness. Further, side walls of the AM-SLM cavity were more susceptible to surface roughness, compared to the cavity front walls due to higher surface current density. This study underscores the significance of analyzing surface roughness and electrical conductivity in AM-SLM cavity resonators and highlights the suitability of the one-ball Huray model for accurate \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$Q$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-factor prediction of microwave structures with rough surfaces.","PeriodicalId":52176,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Multiscale and Multiphysics Computational Techniques","volume":"9 ","pages":"75-83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139654885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maxwell-Schrödinger Modeling of a Superconducting Qubit Coupled to a Transmission Line Network","authors":"Thomas E. Roth;Samuel T. Elkin","doi":"10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3349433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMMCT.2024.3349433","url":null,"abstract":"In superconducting circuit quantum information technologies, classical microwave pulses are applied to control and measure the qubit states. Currently, the design of these microwave pulses uses simple theoretical or numerical models that do not account for the self-consistent interactions of how the qubit state modifies the applied microwave pulse. In this work, we present the formulation and finite element time domain discretization of a semiclassical Maxwell-Schrödinger method for describing these self-consistent dynamics for the case of a superconducting qubit capacitively coupled to a general transmission line network. We validate the proposed method by characterizing key effects related to common control and measurement approaches for transmon and fluxonium qubits in systems that are amenable to theoretical analysis. Our numerical results also highlight scenarios where including the self-consistent interactions is essential. By treating the microwaves classically, our method is substantially more efficient than fully-quantum methods for the many situations where the quantum statistics of the microwaves are not needed. Further, our approach does not require any reformulations when the transmission line system is modified. In the future, our method can be used to rapidly explore broader design spaces to search for more effective control and measurement protocols for superconducting qubits.","PeriodicalId":52176,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Multiscale and Multiphysics Computational Techniques","volume":"9 ","pages":"61-74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139473800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PIFON-EPT: MR-Based Electrical Property Tomography Using Physics-Informed Fourier Networks","authors":"Xinling Yu;José E. C. Serrallés;Ilias I. Giannakopoulos;Ziyue Liu;Luca Daniel;Riccardo Lattanzi;Zheng Zhang","doi":"10.1109/JMMCT.2023.3345798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JMMCT.2023.3345798","url":null,"abstract":"We propose Physics-Informed Fourier Networks for Electrical Properties (EP) Tomography (PIFON-EPT), a novel deep learning-based method for EP reconstruction using noisy and/or incomplete magnetic resonance (MR) measurements. Our approach leverages the Helmholtz equation to constrain two networks, responsible for the denoising and completion of the transmit fields, and the estimation of the object's EP, respectively. We embed a random Fourier features mapping into our networks to enable efficient learning of high-frequency details encoded in the transmit fields. We demonstrated the efficacy of PIFON-EPT through several simulated experiments at 3 and 7 T (T) MR imaging, and showed that our method can reconstruct physically consistent EP and transmit fields. Specifically, when only 20% of the noisy measured fields were used as inputs, PIFON-EPT reconstructed the EP of a phantom with \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$leq 5%$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 error, and denoised and completed the measurements with \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$leq 1%$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 error. Additionally, we adapted PIFON-EPT to solve the generalized Helmholtz equation that accounts for gradients of EP between inhomogeneities. This yielded improved results at interfaces between different materials without explicit knowledge of boundary conditions. PIFON-EPT is the first method that can simultaneously reconstruct EP and transmit fields from incomplete noisy MR measurements, providing new opportunities for EPT research.","PeriodicalId":52176,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Multiscale and Multiphysics Computational Techniques","volume":"9 ","pages":"49-60"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139399804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}