Colloid and Polymer Science最新文献

{"title":"Multimodal synergistic therapy based on TCH@H-MnO2@MPDA-TA/CG composite hydrogel for diabetic chronic wound repair","authors":"Liang Xu,&nbsp;Jingyi Hu,&nbsp;Zhaoxiang Tang,&nbsp;Fukang Geng,&nbsp;Wenjing Zhao,&nbsp;Caihong Tao","doi":"10.1007/s00396-026-05634-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-026-05634-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diabetic chronic ulcers represent a major clinical challenge due to their complex wound microenvironment and limited therapeutic efficacy. The core impairment stems from a hostile milieu characterized by persistent bacterial infection and hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress with excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we develop an integrated therapeutic hydrogel system to disrupt this vicious cycle. This system employs tetracycline-loaded hollow manganese dioxide-based composite nanozymes (TCH@H-MnO₂@MPDA-TA) within a cationic guar gum (CG) matrix. The platform orchestrates a synergistic triple-action therapy, in which photothermal activity eradicates bacteria, the manganese dioxide core catalytically scavenges ROS while simultaneously generating hydroxyl radicals for chemodynamic killing, and the controlled release of tetracycline provides potent antibiotic action. This coordinated mechanism endows the composite hydrogel with remarkable antibacterial properties and excellent biocompatibility, demonstrating considerable promise for promoting the healing of diabetic wounds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"304 8","pages":"1909 - 1922"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced properties of EPDM/NBR rubber blends reinforced with surface-modified graphene oxide","authors":"S. Vishvanathperumal,&nbsp;A. Kannan,&nbsp;S. Dhanasekar","doi":"10.1007/s00396-026-05633-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-026-05633-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study explores the curing behavior, physical characteristics, and mechanical performance of ethylene–propylene–diene monomer/acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber (EPDM/NBR) composites reinforced with surface-modified graphene oxide (mGO), highlighting their suitability for flexible and durable engineering applications. The curing parameters, including cure rate index, optimum cure time, scorch time, torque difference, maximum torque, and minimum torque, were systematically evaluated. Physical properties such as hardness and rebound resilience, along with mechanical properties including tensile strength, 100% modulus, tear strength, elongation at break, compression set, and abrasion resistance, were comprehensively analyzed. To enhance filler dispersion and interfacial adhesion within the EPDM/NBR matrix, graphene oxide (GO) was functionalized using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) and 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI). The modified GO was incorporated at loadings of 1–8 phr through melt mixing on a two-roll mill, followed by vulcanization using a hydraulic press. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed that surface modification effectively reduced particle size and improved dispersion uniformity. Consequently, the MDI-functionalized GO (MIGO) system exhibited superior mechanical performance compared to KH550-functionalized GO (KHGO). Overall, MIGO-reinforced EPDM/NBR composites demonstrate strong potential for advanced sealing and gasketing applications requiring excellent mechanical strength, elasticity, and wear resistance.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"304 8","pages":"1877 - 1896"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and performance evaluation of hydrophobic association polymer by asymmetric double-tail chain hydrophobic associating monomer for fracturing fluids","authors":"Wenfeng Jia,&nbsp;Yuqi Chen,&nbsp;Junwen Wu","doi":"10.1007/s00396-026-05632-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-026-05632-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To overcome the poor temperature–salt resistance, incomplete gel breaking, and high cost of conventional polymer fracturing fluids, this study synthesized a novel hydrophobically associating polymer (AHAP) using acrylamide (AM), 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), and an anionic asymmetric double-tail hydrophobic monomer (DNS-86) via aqueous free-radical polymerization. The polymer structure was confirmed by FTIR and ¹H NMR. AHAP exhibited a molecular weight of 1.13 × 10⁷ g/mol and dissolved completely within 870 s, meeting field requirements. It showed dual critical association concentrations (0.085% and 0.233%), with significant viscosity enhancement above the second CAC due to hydrophobic association and chain entanglement. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed intramolecular and intermolecular associations that improve viscoelasticity. Compared to HPAM, AHAP demonstrated superior temperature resistance (viscosity 69.3 mPa·s at 90 °C) and salt tolerance (58.5 mPa·s in 7000 mg/L NaCl; 44.4 mPa·s in 2000 mg/L CaCl₂). Rheological tests showed that AHAP fracturing fluids maintained viscosity ≥ 50 mPa·s after 1 h shearing at 170 s⁻¹ and 60–100 °C. The 0.5% AHAP fluid achieved a quartz sand settling rate of 0.267 cm/min at 20% sand ratio, indicating excellent proppant-carrying capacity. Complete gel breaking (&lt; 5 mPa·s) occurred within 50 min using 0.03% ammonium persulfate at 80 °C. Although the post-break surface tension (35.32 mN/m) and interfacial tension (8.86 mN/m) slightly exceed industry standards, they can be further optimized with small amounts of cleanup additives. Overall, AHAP is a promising thickener for high-temperature, high-salinity reservoir fracturing operations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"304 7","pages":"1825 - 1845"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148299959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creaming kinetics and aggregation of concentrated natural Hevea latex","authors":"Lazare Mesnier,&nbsp;Nicolas Sanson,&nbsp;Jean-Baptiste d’Espinose de Lacaillerie","doi":"10.1007/s00396-026-05636-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-026-05636-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural rubber latex (NRL), extracted from the <i>Hevea brasiliensis</i> tree, plays a pivotal role in many industrial sectors due to its unique physical properties. This study investigates the colloidal properties and creaming behavior of concentrated NRL, up to a volumetric fraction of Φ = 0.54. First, using a set of experimental techniques such as dynamic light scattering, electrophoretic mobility experiments and environmental scanning electron microscopy, we characterize both Small Rubber Particles (SRPs) and Large Rubber Particles (LRPs) within NRL. Then, using light scattering, we monitor across a wide range of volume fractions the creaming fronts of concentrated NRL. The creaming behavior of both SRPs and LRPs is modeled using the Richardson-Zaki (R-Z) equation for both low (unscreened surface charges) and high (screened surface charges) ionic strengths, identifying creaming speeds under laminar flow conditions with an R-Z parameter close to 𝑛 = 4.65. In contrast to diluted suspensions, high particle volume fraction in concentrated NRL restricts diffusion and allows the development of slow moving creaming fronts with speeds in the range of nm.s⁻¹. Findings also reveal that higher ionic strengths, notably when calcium ions are involved, enhance particle aggregation, transitioning the suspension from bimodal to monomodal size distribution. Results point to the subtlety of studying latex aggregation in concentrated media to observe the onset of particle aggregation. This research provides insights into the physicochemical interactions in concentrated latex suspensions, offering implications for improved processing techniques in the rubber industry.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"304 8","pages":"1857 - 1875"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00396-026-05636-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crown ether-triazole functionalized PVDF composite membranes for selective Ag(I) adsorption from aqueous systems","authors":"N. Supraja,&nbsp;S. Karpagam","doi":"10.1007/s00396-026-05631-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-026-05631-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The adsorptive removal of Ag(I) from aqueous systems is important for mitigating environmental contamination and enabling resource recovery. However, conventional adsorbents and membrane materials often suffer from limited selectivity, poor reusability, and insufficient structural stability. In this study, a crown ether-triazole (CETAZ) functional moiety was synthesized and incorporated into a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrix via a phase inversion process to fabricate a composite membrane for selective Ag(I) adsorption. Structural and surface characterization using FT-IR, FE-SEM, XPS, and BET analyses confirmed the successful incorporation and uniform dispersion of CETAZ within the PVDF matrix, resulting in increased surface area, reduced pore size, and improved membrane stability. Batch adsorption experiments demonstrated a high affinity toward Ag(I), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 71.86 mg g⁻¹ and equilibrium attained within 2.5 h. Kinetic and isotherm analyses indicated that Ag(I) adsorption follows a pseudo-second-order model and conforms to the Langmuir isotherm, suggesting a chemisorption-dominated monolayer adsorption mechanism. Regeneration studies showed that the composite membrane retained more than 93% of its initial adsorption capacity after four consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles, indicating good reusability and structural durability. These results demonstrate that CETAZ-functionalized PVDF composite membranes are effective and reusable adsorptive materials for selective Ag(I) recovery from aqueous solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"304 7","pages":"1811 - 1823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148299955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study of surface modification strategies for interfacial regulation of poly(L-lactic acid)/graphene oxide-hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds","authors":"Hexu Qi,&nbsp;Qinglin He,&nbsp;Yunfeng Guo,&nbsp;Xin Sun,&nbsp;Zhihe Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s00396-026-05627-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-026-05627-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Achieving simultaneous mechanical robustness and cytocompatibility in polymer-based scaffolds requires precise interfacial regulation at the nanoscale. Herein, graphene oxide-hydroxyapatite (GO-HA) nanohybrids were engineered via three distinct surface modification strategies—tannic acid (TA) adsorption, polydopamine (PDA) deposition, and poly(D-lactide) (PDLA) grafting—to elucidate how interfacial chemistry governs structural evolution and composite performance in Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) matrices. While all modifications preserved hydroxyapatite crystallinity, they induced differentiated interphase architectures: TA introduced molecular-level surface functionalization with minimal aggregation, PDA formed a conformal interphase layer, and PDLA generated polymer-rich encapsulated structures with enlarged dispersion units. Thermal analysis revealed that PDLA grafting maximized crystallinity and thermal stability due to molecular compatibility with PLLA. However, mechanical evaluation demonstrated that GO-HA-TA achieved superior reinforcement, highlighting the importance of balancing interfacial adhesion with polymer chain mobility. Excessive interphase thickening, despite enhancing crystallization, may constrain deformation adaptability. Furthermore, TA-modified scaffolds exhibited improved wettability and uniform surface morphology. Cytocompatibility assays confirmed high cell viability and negligible cytotoxicity across all groups. This study establishes that optimizing cytocompatible composite scaffolds requires not merely maximizing interfacial compatibility, but strategically balancing adhesion and structural discreteness, identifying surface modification strategies as the most effective route for high-performance PLLA/GO-HA scaffolds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"304 7","pages":"1779 - 1797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148299983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of sonication on the morphology and mechanical properties of methyl methacrylate based PolyHIPE monoliths","authors":"Nastja Slavič,&nbsp;Matjaž Kristl,&nbsp;Irena Pulko,&nbsp;Peter Krajnc","doi":"10.1007/s00396-026-05623-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-026-05623-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The morphology of polyHIPE materials directly governs their permeability, surface area, and mechanical properties, therefore developing novel strategies to enhance emulsion uniformity and influencing the droplet size is crucial for advancing their practical applications. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) containing high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) with internal phase volume fractions between 75% and 85% were prepared using a surfactant and homogenized with an overhead stirrer. Following emulsification, the HIPEs were either directly photopolymerised or first subjected to ultrasonic treatment and then photopolymerised. All resulting materials exhibited characteristic polyHIPE morphologies, comprising highly porous, interconnected structures. The primary pore diameters typically ranged from 3 to 23 μm. In all cases, ultrasound treatment resulted in a substantial reduction in average pore size, with decreases ranging from 10% to 50%, depending on the formulation. Morphological changes are attributed to acoustic cavitation and enhanced droplet disruption during sonication, confirming the influence of ultrasound on emulsion structure and the resulting pore architecture. Furthermore, compression testing showed that the improved pore uniformity introduced by sonication influences mechanical properties, resulting in higher compressive strength and increased elasticity compared to non-sonicated samples of the same composition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"304 7","pages":"1767 - 1778"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00396-026-05623-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148299982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional copper tripeptide-1/nanocellulose composite hydrogels","authors":"Xinqiao Xia,&nbsp;Lingli Zhang,&nbsp;Chengji Ma,&nbsp;Fangjie Wang,&nbsp;Xinyu Ren,&nbsp;Jia Zhou,&nbsp;Zhongbiao Tan,&nbsp;Ya Xin,&nbsp;Hao Shi","doi":"10.1007/s00396-026-05624-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-026-05624-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study reports the rational design and fabrication of a novel multifunctional composite hydrogel by integrating copper tripeptide-1 (GHK-Cu) with cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analyses verified the formation of a stable, physically crosslinked three-dimensional network between GHK-Cu and CNC. Mechanical characterization demonstrated outstanding flexibility, with an elongation at break reaching 1303%, markedly superior to that of single-component hydrogels. The composite hydrogel also exhibited a high swelling capacity in physiological saline, achieving a swelling ratio of up to 936%. Furthermore, incorporation of β-cyclodextrin-encapsulated menthol imparted pronounced antibacterial activity to the hydrogel. In addition, the material showed excellent pronounced ABTS radical-scavenging activity (&gt; 95%), whereas the DPPH scavenging response was comparatively modest. Collectively, these results highlight the significant potential of the GHK-Cu/CNC composite hydrogel for applications in wound dressings, tissue engineering, and other biomedical fields.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"304 7","pages":"1799 - 1809"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148299979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solvent-induced instabilities in electrospun polystyrene nanofibers and 1-D micro droplet array fabrication","authors":"Nidhi Dubey,&nbsp;Sushmitha Paulraj,&nbsp;Sanjeev Kumar Mahto,&nbsp;Ankur Verma","doi":"10.1007/s00396-026-05625-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-026-05625-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We demonstrate here that the dewetting in a solvent-non-solvent mixture can be employed to achieve a facile, rapid and lithography-free fabrication of well-aligned nano to microscale 1-D polymer droplet arrays from electro-spun polystyrene (PS) nanofibers. These spherical microdroplet arrays can function as high-aspect-ratio nanolenses for super-resolved microscopy. We observed a Rayleigh-instability-driven morphological transition when thermally annealed electrospun PS fibers on a silanized glass substrate were dewetted with a solvent-water media. Instability in PS nanofibers is affected by the interactions occurring between the polymer and the substrate beneath it. We demonstrated that the dewetting kinetics and morphology of dewetted structures depends on whether dewetting is induced by thermal annealing, exposure to solvent vapor, or immersion in a liquid media of solvent and non-solvent. Intensified dewetting in liquid media not only results in significantly faster dewetting dynamics but also results in dewetting of thicker nanofibers, which remain stable under thermal annealing or solvent-vapor exposure. Moreover, the droplets produced by this method have significantly higher aspect ratio. The number density of these microdroplets can be further increased beyond any limit by sequential dewetting in a methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)-water mixture, enabling more closely packed arrays which cannot be achieved by the dewetting of thin films. This work provides a scalable and controllable approach for fabricating densely packed, aligned polymer structures with tunable diameters spanning nano to micro length scales, presenting new possibilities for accessible super-resolution imaging.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"304 7","pages":"1753 - 1765"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148299981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stimuli-responsive self-assembly and colloidal properties of hyaluronic acid-poly (ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (HA-PEG-PCL) amphiphilic triblock copolymers for cancer nanotherapy","authors":"Kunal Ravindra Talele,&nbsp;Sankha Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1007/s00396-026-05626-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-026-05626-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Hyaluronic Acid-Poly (ethylene glycol)-Poly(ε-caprolactone) (HA-PEG-PCL) amphiphilic triblock copolymers function as multifunctional nanocarriers which deliver cancer treatment through their active targeting capacity and prolonged bloodstream presence and ability to release drugs upon specific stimulus detection. The review examines how HA-PEG-PCL system structures link to their properties and performance from copolymer production through physicochemical features and self-assembly behavior to therapeutic performance assessment. HA-PEG-PCL copolymers form micellar nanoparticles which range from 50 to 200 nanometers in size and maintain stability during systemic circulation through their low critical micelle concentrations which range from 10⁻⁵ to 10⁻⁷ M. The experimental studies demonstrate that the drug loading efficiencies reach between 70 and 90% which surpasses the efficiency of most traditional polymeric carriers. The presence of hyaluronic acid enables CD44 active targeting which results in CD44-overexpressing cancer cells absorbing 2 to 4 times more than non-targeted systems. The in vivo studies show that tumor accumulation increases approximately three times while enhancing therapeutic efficacy when compared to free medicines. The HA-PEG-PCL nanocarriers show 2 to 5 times lower IC₅₀ values for doxorubicin and paclitaxel which demonstrates their improved ability to transport drugs into cells and kill cancer cells. The copolymer structure permits multiple stimuli detection at pH levels below 7 and redox reactions and high temperatures which enables controlled drug release in tumor microenvironments. The preclinical results show promise but the research faces challenges because the technology needs to develop methods for scalable synthesis and catalyst-free production and regulatory approval processes. The HA-PEG-PCL triblock copolymers function as a flexible platform which scientists can adapt to create new targeted nanomedicine and multimodal cancer treatments.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"304 7","pages":"1523 - 1569"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148299946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}