Suttira Intapad, Norma B Ojeda, John Henry Dasinger, Barbara T Alexander
{"title":"Sex differences in the developmental origins of cardiovascular disease.","authors":"Suttira Intapad, Norma B Ojeda, John Henry Dasinger, Barbara T Alexander","doi":"10.1152/physiol.00045.2013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00045.2013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) proposes that adverse events during early life program an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Experimental models provide proof of concept but also indicate that insults during early life program sex differences in adult blood pressure and cardiovascular risk. This review will highlight the potential mechanisms that contribute to the etiology of sex differences in the developmental programming of cardiovascular disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":520753,"journal":{"name":"Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)","volume":" ","pages":"122-32"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/physiol.00045.2013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32165988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GLP-1-based strategies: a physiological analysis of differential mode of action.","authors":"Rémy Burcelin, Pierre Gourdy, Stéphane Dalle","doi":"10.1152/physiol.00009.2013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00009.2013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>DPP4 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists used in incretin-based strategies treat Type 2 diabetes with different modes of action. The pharmacological blood GLP-1R agonist concentration targets pancreatic and some extrapancreatic GLP-1R, whereas DPP4i favors the physiological activation of the gut-brain-periphery axis that could allow clinicians to adapt the management of Type 2 diabetes, according to the patient's pathophysiological characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":520753,"journal":{"name":"Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)","volume":" ","pages":"108-21"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/physiol.00009.2013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32165445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physiology in perspective: the burden of obesity.","authors":"Gary Sieck","doi":"10.1152/physiol.00004.2014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00004.2014","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity has been described as the biggest health threat facing the Western world, and this statement will probably need to be revised shortly to encompass the entire world. The social and economic impact of this pandemic is enormous. Currently, a third of all Americans are obese, and this may reach","PeriodicalId":520753,"journal":{"name":"Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)","volume":" ","pages":"86-7"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/physiol.00004.2014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32165443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neural mechanisms of cardioprotection.","authors":"Andrey Gourine, Alexander V Gourine","doi":"10.1152/physiol.00037.2013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00037.2013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review highlights the importance of neural mechanisms capable of protecting the heart against lethal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Increased parasympathetic (vagal) activity limits myocardial infarction, and recent data suggest that activation of autonomic reflex pathways contributes to powerful innate mechanisms of cardioprotection underlying the remote ischemic conditioning phenomena.</p>","PeriodicalId":520753,"journal":{"name":"Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)","volume":" ","pages":"133-40"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/physiol.00037.2013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32165989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phosphodiesterases maintain signaling fidelity via compartmentalization of cyclic nucleotides.","authors":"Oliver Lomas, Manuela Zaccolo","doi":"10.1152/physiol.00040.2013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00040.2013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Novel technological advances have improved our understanding of how cyclic nucleotides are able to convey signals faithfully between cellular compartments. Phosphodiesterases play a crucial role in shaping these signals in health and disease. The concept of compartmentalization is guiding the search for therapies that have the potential to offer greater efficacy and tolerability compared with current treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":520753,"journal":{"name":"Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)","volume":" ","pages":"141-9"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/physiol.00040.2013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32165991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regulation of metabolism: a cross talk between gut microbiota and its human host.","authors":"Rémy Burcelin","doi":"10.1152/physiol.00023.2012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00023.2012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recent epidemic of obesity and diabetes and the diversity at the individual level could be explained by the intestinal microbiota-to-host relationship. More than four million gene products from the microbiome could interact with the immune system to induce a tissue metabolic infection, which is the molecular origin of the low-grade inflammation that characterizes the onset of obesity and diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520753,"journal":{"name":"Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)","volume":" ","pages":"300-7"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/physiol.00023.2012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30946056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William E Louch, Mathis K Stokke, Ivar Sjaastad, Geir Christensen, Ole M Sejersted
{"title":"No rest for the weary: diastolic calcium homeostasis in the normal and failing myocardium.","authors":"William E Louch, Mathis K Stokke, Ivar Sjaastad, Geir Christensen, Ole M Sejersted","doi":"10.1152/physiol.00021.2012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00021.2012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Following contraction of the heart, efficient relaxation (diastole) is essential for refilling the ventricles with blood. This review describes how ventricular relaxation is controlled by Ca(2+) homeostasis in cardiac muscle cells and how alterations in Ca(2+) cycling affect diastolic function in the normal and failing heart. These discussions illustrate that the diastolic phase is not simply a period of rest but rather involves highly regulated and dynamic Ca(2+) fluxes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520753,"journal":{"name":"Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)","volume":" ","pages":"308-23"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1152/physiol.00021.2012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30946057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}