ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating Speech-in-Noise Deficits in Conductive Hearing Loss: The Underestimated Role of Low-Frequency Air-Bone Gaps.","authors":"Mustafa Seyrek, Burak Kabiş, Suat Özbilen, Bülent Gündüz","doi":"10.1159/000550374","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the impact of conductive hearing loss (CHL) on speech perception in noisy environments, with a particular focus on the role of low-frequency air-bone gaps. While CHL is traditionally considered a peripheral auditory disorder, emerging evidence suggests that it may also affect central auditory processing, especially under complex acoustic conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty individuals diagnosed with CHL and thirty age-matched participants with normal hearing were recruited from the Audiology Unit of Gazi University. All participants underwent comprehensive audiological evaluations, including the Turkish Hearing in Noise Test (T-HINT). Speech recognition thresholds (SRTs) were measured adaptively in four listening conditions: quiet and noise presented from the front, right, and left. Speech-spectrum noise was delivered at 65 dB SPL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with CHL demonstrated significantly elevated SRTs across all noise conditions compared to the control group, indicating reduced speech-in-noise intelligibility. However, speech discrimination scores in quiet did not differ significantly between groups. Notably, larger air-bone gaps at low frequencies were strongly correlated with poorer SRTs, suggesting a frequency-specific vulnerability in noisy environments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CHL substantially impairs speech perception in noise, primarily due to the detrimental effects of low-frequency air-bone gaps. These findings underscore the crucial role of low-frequency auditory input in the temporal and spectral processing of speech, underscoring the need for frequency-specific diagnostic and rehabilitative strategies in clinical audiology. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":520736,"journal":{"name":"ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties","volume":" ","pages":"230-238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12880824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145914491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frontal Sinus Fracture Management: A Single-Center 13-Year Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Milovan V Dimitrijevic, Aleksandar M Krstic, Goran M Stojkovic, Ana M Dimitrijevic, Petar M Djurkovic, Masa G Petrovic, Bojan M Pavlovic, Sasa Jakovljevic, Nikola R Todorovic","doi":"10.1159/000548926","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Frontal sinus fractures are complex injuries that require individualized management based on the extent of fracture, involvement of the nasofrontal duct (NFD), and the presence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. Optimal treatment remains controversial, with evolving trends toward selective conservative approaches. This study aimed to evaluate treatment outcomes over a 13-year period using a standardized management algorithm.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review was conducted of 201 patients treated for frontal sinus fractures at a tertiary academic center between 2007 and 2020. Fractures were classified according to anterior or posterior wall involvement, and management strategies included conservative observation, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), and cranialization. Surgical intervention was indicated based on NFD obstruction, posterior wall involvement, or CSF leakage. Clinical and demographic data, surgical techniques, and complications were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 201 patients, 189 underwent surgical treatment. ORIF was performed in 76.2% of cases, and cranialization was required in 17%. The complication rate among surgically treated patients was 10.6%, primarily due to infection and delayed healing, compared to 25% in the conservatively managed group. The majority of fractures resulted from high-energy trauma, particularly traffic accidents, and predominantly affected young male patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An individualized, algorithm-guided approach to frontal sinus fracture management leads to favorable outcomes and lower complication rates. Surgical intervention is particularly beneficial in cases with NFD obstruction or CSF leakage. These findings support the role of structured, multidisciplinary decision-making in optimizing treatment strategies for complex craniofacial trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":520736,"journal":{"name":"ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties","volume":" ","pages":"208-217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145644769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Possible Expanded Timeline for Salvage Facial Reanimation Surgery: A Case Report.","authors":"Víctor A de Cos, Rishi N Modi, Sandhya Kalavacherla, Jacqueline J Greene","doi":"10.1159/000549742","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Successful salvage facial reanimation procedures involving transfer of nerve to masseter (NTM) to an existing gracilis free muscle transfer (GFMT) have been reported when performed within 6 months.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records were reviewed for patients who had undergone a salvage or secondary facial reanimation surgery after an initial suboptimal GFMT by cross-face nerve graft (CFNG).</p><p><strong>Case presentations: </strong>Between 2019 and 2024, three patients underwent salvage or secondary facial reanimation surgery after an initial procedure failed to produce movement by 11, 17, and 14 months respectively. Intraoperatively, the existing gracilis of patients 1 and 3 stimulated at 2 mA, and so a salvage procedure involving NTM transfer to the obturator nerve of the existing GFMT was performed. Successful smile was noted at 5 months for patient 1 and no facial movement after 12 months for patient 3. For patient 2, a secondary facial reanimation surgery (GFMT from the contralateral leg with innervation by the NTM) was performed due to lack of existing gracilis electrical stimulation and produced a successful smile noted at 7 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that successful salvage of a failed GFMT by CFNG is possible through transfer of the NTM to the obturator nerve even after 11 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":520736,"journal":{"name":"ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties","volume":" ","pages":"268-273"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145688909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgery Alone without Adjuvant Radiation Therapy for High- or Intermediate-Grade Salivary Gland Cancer.","authors":"Younghac Kim, Hyojun Kim, Nayeon Choi, Eun-Hye Kim, Junhun Cho, Han-Sin Jeong","doi":"10.1159/000547198","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Postoperative radiation therapy (RT) is recommended for completely resected T1-2 salivary gland cancer (SGC), if the tumor pathology is adenoid cystic carcinoma, intermediate, or high-grade tumors. In this case series, we reviewed cases of intermediate- or high-grade SGC, managed with curative surgery alone without adjuvant RT, and compared those outcomes with pathology- and tumor stage-matched SGC, treated with surgery and postoperative RT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrieved cases of intermediate- or high-grade tumors arising from the major salivary glands treated with surgery alone without adjuvant RT (N = 29) from the institutional SGC database. The main reasons for no adjuvant RT and treatment outcomes were reviewed in detail. In addition, we established the tumor pathology (grade)- and tumor stage (T1-2N0M0)-matched cases treated with surgery and postoperative RT as comparison groups (N = 59), to investigate relative treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall treatment outcome was 82.7% disease-specific survival (DSS) at a median follow-up of 41 months, with a 10.3% incidence of systemic metastasis in intermediate- or high-grade SGCs treated with surgery alone. The primary reasons for not receiving adjuvant RT were no recommendation by the surgeon (37.9%) and patient refusal of RT (27.6%). Comparisons of the surgery alone and surgery with postoperative RT in tumor pathology (grade)- and tumor stage-matched groups revealed similar treatment outcomes; 100% DSS at 35-50 months in the surgery alone group and 90-100% DSS at 37-60 months in the surgery and postoperative RT group. Meanwhile, patients with advanced SGCs (T3-4 or N+) treated with surgery alone had a DSS of 50.0% at a median follow-up of 63 months, and systemic metastasis was the main cause of treatment failure (37.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that surgery alone may yield favorable outcomes for a specific subset of early-stage, intermediate- to high-grade SGCs without any adverse pathological features. Further studies are warranted to validate this approach. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":520736,"journal":{"name":"ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties","volume":" ","pages":"116-125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Familiarity with Odors Does Not Play a Role in Olfactory Training Efficiency.","authors":"Ayaho Yoshino, Ryosuke Murakami, Taro Komachi, Yuki Kawaguchi, Kimihiro Okubo, Mehmet Kibris Mahmut, Thomas Hummel","doi":"10.1159/000547489","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Olfactory training (OT) is known to be beneficial for olfactory disorders. The study aimed to explore whether the familiarity of odors influences the effectiveness of OT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were divided into three groups: original training (OG), modified training with familiar odors to the Japanese population (FG), and modified training with unfamiliar odors to the Japanese population (UFG). Over 3 months, all participants completed OT. Olfactory function was evaluated using T&T olfactometry (combined odor detection threshold and odor recognition threshold test), intravenous olfactory test (retronasal olfactory test), and an open essence (OE) (odor identification test) before and after OT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty participants (mean age 53 years, SD 18) completed the study. Two participants were in the normosmic range, 10 were mild hyposmia, 14 were moderate hyposmia, 13 were severe hyposmia, and 21 were anosmia. Significant improvements were observed in olfactory detection threshold and recognition threshold function and retronasal olfactory function tests across all groups following OT. However, there was no significant effect observed on OE score. Furthermore, no significant differences were found among the OG, FG, and UFG groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that regardless of odor familiarity, OT led to notable enhancements in olfactory function among participants. The study contributes to understanding the impact of odor familiarity on the effectiveness of OT, indicating that both familiar and unfamiliar odors yielded similar improvements. These results underscore the robustness of OT as a therapeutic approach for olfactory dysfunction, regardless of the familiarity of the odors used.</p>","PeriodicalId":520736,"journal":{"name":"ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties","volume":" ","pages":"77-84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Ambient Air Pollution on Obstructive Sleep Apnea Surgery: A Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Chung-Wei Lin, Yu-Han Wang, Pei-Wen Lin, Li-Wen Chiu, Chun-Tuan Chang, Michael Friedman, Anna M Salapatas, Hsin-Ching Lin","doi":"10.1159/000548550","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a worldwide health concern having been proved to be associated with air pollution. However, it remains unclear whether air pollution could also compromise the effect of OSA treatment, especially OSA surgery. This study investigated the impact of mid- to long-term ambient air pollution exposure on postsurgical outcomes of OSA patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 382 OSA patients who had failed conservative treatment first and received OSA surgery afterward were enrolled; the patients were then categorized into the severely (192 patients; 50.3%) and mildly (190 patients; 49.7%) air-polluted group based on the calculated average exposure of air particles according to the report of Taiwan Ministry of Environment. The relationships among the airborne particles and sleep indices changes were analyzed for determining the impact of air pollution on OSA surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After a mid- to long-term exposure following OSA surgery, the results of the follow-up polysomnography showed that ΔAHI, ΔLSAT, and Δarousal index were significantly different between the two air-polluted groups. Pearson's correlations revealed that the above sleep indices were significantly yet weakly associated with air quality index (AQI), SO₂, NO₂, CO, and O₃. After adjusting the confounding factors, the multivariate analysis showed that different air pollution levels still had statistically significant influence on Δarousal index (β = -0.105, p = 0.045).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the effectiveness of OSA surgery, mid- to long-term exposure to ambient air pollution postoperatively may still have statistically significant association on OSA patients' postsurgical outcomes, and thus could not be overlooked.</p>","PeriodicalId":520736,"journal":{"name":"ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties","volume":" ","pages":"170-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12705085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Treatment Options for Facial Synkinesis: Working Toward a Standardized Algorithm.","authors":"Aileen Z Cui, Shivam Patel, Dana Smithnosky, Christina M Yver","doi":"10.1159/000551933","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Facial synkinesis describes a sequela of transient facial nerve injury that can occur following viral reactivation syndromes such as Bell's palsy or following traumatic facial nerve injury. Facial synkinesis is frequently characterized by muscle hypertonicity, involuntary co-contraction of facial muscles, and spasm and can have severe functional and esthetic consequences. Although this condition is not curable, several treatment options exist; however, there is currently a lack of consensus regarding the appropriate timeline and sequence of synkinesis treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Treatment for facial synkinesis is nuanced and constantly evolving. A range of both noninvasive and invasive treatment options exist, including physical therapy, chemodenervation with botulinum toxin, and various surgical interventions such as selective facial myectomy and selective facial neurectomy. The optimal treatment strategy is often dependent on patient preference, clinical presentation, and provider comfort and can be further complicated by confusion regarding the appropriate timeline for escalation of care. This review summarizes the current treatment trends and proposes a nuanced algorithm that integrates current practice and individualized decision-making to provide a flexible framework to care for this patient population.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Management of facial synkinesis is complicated by the wide range of treatment options in addition to the lack of clear consensus on how to integrate these modalities into a cohesive treatment plan. The algorithmic approach outlined here represents one of several possible frameworks for evaluating and managing patients with this challenging condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":520736,"journal":{"name":"ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties","volume":" ","pages":"260-267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147694527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Outcomes of 3-Month Olfactory Training on Post-COVID-19 Parosmia.","authors":"Xinni Xu, Kristóf Peter Ludányi, Jerry Hadi Juratli, Fruzsina Németh, Dávid Nagy, Helga Kraxner, Thomas Hummel","doi":"10.1159/000549019","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Post-COVID-19 parosmia can be protracted and psychologically distressing. The effect of olfactory training (OT) on parosmia is still unclear. The primary objective was to investigate the effect of 3 months of OT on COVID-19-related parosmia. The secondary objectives were to study whether improvement in olfactory quantitative function and compliance to OT influenced improvement in parosmia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study was conducted from October 5, 2022, to February 7, 2023, at a tertiary smell and taste clinic. Patients with persistent post-COVID-19 parosmia were instructed to perform OT twice daily for 3 months. Improvement in parosmia was measured using self-rated intensity and pleasantness scales, a structured parosmia questionnaire, and the Sniffin' Sticks Parosmia Test (which measures hedonic direction and range). Quantitative olfactory function was measured with Sniffin' Sticks to determine the threshold, discrimination, and identification (TDI) score. Pre- and post-OT assessment of parosmia and quantitative olfactory function was performed. Compliance to OT was calculated as a percentage of the number of OT sessions performed over the expected number of training sessions over 3 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-eight patients (mean age 41.8 [±13.3] years, 12 [31.6%] males) were recruited. After 3 months, 52.6% (n = 20) reported perceived improvement in parosmia. There was improvement in perceived pleasantness (-2.0 [-3.0 to -1.0] vs. -3.0 [-4.0 to -2.0], p = 0.027), hedonic range (2.4 [±1.3] vs. 1.9 [±1.6], p = 0.023), and TDI (27.9 [±7.4] vs. 25.2 [±7.2], p = 0.001) from baseline. All measures of parosmia did not differ significantly between patients who achieved the minimum clinically important difference of ≥5.5 in TDI scores versus those who did not. Patients who had >70% compliance to OT displayed more significant improvements in hedonic range (1.1 [±1.1] vs. 0.2 [±1.3] p = 0.04) compared to those who were less compliant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>COVID-19-related parosmia and olfactory dysfunction improved with OT over 3 months. Improvement in olfactory function does not necessarily improve parosmia perception. However, compliance with OT appears to have an effect on improvement in parosmia.</p>","PeriodicalId":520736,"journal":{"name":"ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties","volume":" ","pages":"153-161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12705089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of Intranasal Trigeminal Nerve Function on the Surgical Management of Nasal Obstruction.","authors":"Anna Kristina Hernandez, Konstantinos Garefis, Iordanis Konstantinidis, Thomas Hummel","doi":"10.1159/000547916","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Background: Surgical interventions for nasal obstruction represent a significant proportion of everyday rhinology practice. Failure to improve patients' symptoms may be due to incomplete assessment of co-morbidities, low sensitivity for nasal airflow, and inadequate therapeutic approaches. This narrative review summarizes the evidence on studies assessing the results of nasal obstruction surgery in relation to trigeminal function measurements. Focus was given to specific procedures such as septoplasty, endoscopic sinus surgery, and surgery of inferior turbinates. Summary: Current literature provides evidence that a significant proportion of patients have decreased intranasal trigeminal function before surgery. Most nasal surgeries conserve trigeminal nerve function, except when more aggressive techniques like inferior turbinate resection or excessive cautery are performed. Key Messages: Trigeminal function should be evaluated in patients presenting with nasal obstruction, especially in the absence of major anatomical blockage. Nasal trigeminal sensitivity may be a contributing factor to perceived obstruction that surgery alone cannot resolve. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":520736,"journal":{"name":"ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties","volume":" ","pages":"85-97"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12503671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144819079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Middle Turbinate Attachment for Locating Common Canaliculus during an Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy.","authors":"Turki Aldrees, Mohammed Al-Bar, Samer Abou Rizk, Roy R Casiano","doi":"10.1159/000551932","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of the study was to determine whether the anterior middle turbinate attachment (MTA) to the lateral wall of the nose can serve as a reliable endoscopic landmark for the approximate level of the common canaliculus of the lacrimal sac during endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive anatomical study included 12 cadaveric heads and 24 sides of endoscopic DCRs. After performing DCR, the location of the common canaliculus was measured endoscopically relative to the MTA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean location of the common canaliculus was 1 mm below the MTA. The common canaliculus was found at, below, and above the MTA level in 42%, 50%, and 8% of the specimens, respectively. The common canaliculus was identified up to 4 mm below and 1 mm above the MTA level in all specimens and sides.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MTA can be used as a reliable anatomical landmark to predict the location of the common canaliculus during endoscopic DCR.</p>","PeriodicalId":520736,"journal":{"name":"ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties","volume":" ","pages":"254-259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147795420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}