Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)最新文献_第8页

Military hierarchy, job stress and mental health in peacetime. 和平时期军队等级制度、工作压力与心理健康。

IF 5.1

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2012-04-01 Epub Date: 2012-03-07 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqs006

L C X Martins, C S Lopes

{"title":"Military hierarchy, job stress and mental health in peacetime.","authors":"L C X Martins, C S Lopes","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqs006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqs006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Most studies of mental health in the armed forces focus primarily on post-traumatic stress disorders among military personnel in combat situations.Aims: To evaluate the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) and job stress, and the association between the two, among military personnel in peacetime. Additionally, it sought to identify occupational subgroups with higher prevalences of CMD.Methods: The study participants were 506 military personnel from a Brazilian army directorate in Rio de Janeiro City. CMD were evaluated using the 12-item version General Health Questionnaire. Job characteristics were measured using the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model and by categories of military rank. Prevalence ratios (PRs) were estimated by Poisson regression to obtain robust (95%) confidence intervals (CIs).Results: The prevalence of CMD was 33% (95% CI 29-37). After adjusting for age, education, income, lifestyle and other occupational characteristics, ERI was associated with CMD (PR = 2.03; 95% CI 1.3-3.1). Overcommitment proved to be an important component of job stress. Independently of socio-economic, demographic, lifestyle and job stress variables, the rank of lieutenant associated strongly with CMD (PR = 2.02; 95% CI 1.2-4 0.1).Conclusions: This study found that job stress among armed forces personnel is associated with CMD. In addition, the specific occupational characteristics of the military environment can lead to a higher prevalence of CMD among those holding the rank of lieutenant.","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"182-7"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2012-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/kqs006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40150152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 36

Unhealthy and healthy weight control behaviours among bus operators. 巴士营运商的不健康及健康体重控制行为。

IF 5.1

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2012-03-01 Epub Date: 2011-11-04 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqr178

K H Escoto, S A French

{"title":"Unhealthy and healthy weight control behaviours among bus operators.","authors":"K H Escoto, S A French","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqr178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqr178","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Urban bus operators are an occupational group with high rates of overweight and obesity. Understanding methods bus operators use for weight control may be important; there may be increased risk for these workers to engage in less healthy weight management behaviours due to stressful working conditions.Aims: To examine the prevalence of unhealthy and healthy weight control behaviours used by bus operators and examine associations between use of unhealthy weight control behaviours and work-related and sociodemographic variables.Methods: Bus operators from four different transit garages were invited to complete a self-administered survey; height and weight were measured by research staff. Unhealthy and healthy weight control behaviours, work hours, work schedule and social support were measured with self-report items on the employee survey. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate associations.Results: Nearly 60% of bus operators endorsed at least one unhealthy method; over 50% reported skipping meals, 30% fasted and 10% reported taking diet pills in the past year. Bus operator gender, race, body mass index status and hours worked per week showed significant associations with using at least one unhealthy weight control behaviour.Conclusions: Worksite interventions should emphasize the benefit of healthy eating and physical activity but should also address the use of less healthy methods for weight control for individuals employed in transportation occupations.","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"138-40"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/kqr178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40133468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Psychosocial stress among Danish vicars. 丹麦牧师的社会心理压力。

IF 5.1

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-11-04 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqr160

F Gyntelberg, H O Hein, P Suadicani

{"title":"Psychosocial stress among Danish vicars.","authors":"F Gyntelberg, H O Hein, P Suadicani","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqr160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqr160","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Burnout and depression are common among clergy members of several religions and denominations. Despite this, no studies have analysed whether differences in psychosocial workloads between vicars and others explain their higher prevalence of stress-related symptoms.Aims: To test the hypothesis that elements of the job strain model (high work demands, low decision latitude and/or low job support) are mediators of the excess prevalence of stress-related health complaints among vicars compared with other employees in the Church of Denmark.Methods: Data for this cross-sectional study were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire sent to all employees in 500 Danish parishes (n = 2254).Results: The study response rate was 73%, 35% of respondents were vicars and 43% were female. Compared with other employees, vicars felt quiet and relaxed less often (53 versus 67%), had less time for pleasure and relaxation (28 versus 11%) and felt happy and satisfied (53 versus 67%) less often. Vicars had significantly higher quantitative, cognitive and emotional work demands, lower work support, less influence on whom to collaborate with and less influence on their workload. Psychosocial workloads were more favourable for the vicars who had greater influence on job decisions and on job organization. The higher prevalence of stress-related symptoms among vicars was strongly modified by high work demands, in particular high quantitative demands.Conclusions: The higher prevalence of stress-related symptoms among vicars could largely be attributed to high-quantitative work demands.","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"12-6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/kqr160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40133466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Quality of work life in doctors working with cancer patients. 治疗癌症患者的医生的工作生活质量。

IF 5.1

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-10-29 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqr149

I Bragard, G Dupuis, D Razavi, C Reynaert, A-M Etienne

{"title":"Quality of work life in doctors working with cancer patients.","authors":"I Bragard, G Dupuis, D Razavi, C Reynaert, A-M Etienne","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqr149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqr149","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although studies have shown that medical residents experience poor psychological health and poor organizational conditions, their quality of work life (QWL) had not been measured. A new tool, the Quality of Work Life Systemic Inventory (QWLSI), proposes to fill the gap in the definition and assessment of this concept.Aims: To confirm the convergent validity of the QWLSI, analyse Belgian medical residents' QWL with the QWLSI and discuss an intervention methodology based on the analysis of the QWLSI.Methods: One hundred and thirteen medical residents participated between 2002 and 2006. They completed the QWLSI, the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Job Stress Survey to confirm the correspondence between these three tools.Results: Residents' low QWL predicted high emotional exhaustion (β = 0.282; P < 0.01) and job stress (β = 0.370; P < 0.001) levels, confirming the convergent validity. This sample of medical residents had an average QWL (μ = 5.8; SD = 3.1). However, their QWL was very low for three subscales: arrangement of work schedule (μ = 9; SD = 6.3), support offered to employee (μ = 7.6; SD = 6.1) and working relationship with superiors (μ = 6.9; SD = 5.3).Conclusions: The results confirm that the QWLSI can provide an indication of workers' health well-being and of organizational performance in different areas of work life. The problem factors found among Belgian medical residents suggest that prevention should focus on reduction of work hours, development of support and change in leadership style.","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"34-40"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/kqr149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40115709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 53

Sickness absence in student nursing assistants following a preventive intervention programme. 预防干预计划后学生护理员的疾病缺勤情况。

IF 5.1

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2010-09-13 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqq142

A L Svensson, J L Marott, P Suadicani, O S Mortensen, N E Ebbehøj

{"title":"Sickness absence in student nursing assistants following a preventive intervention programme.","authors":"A L Svensson, J L Marott, P Suadicani, O S Mortensen, N E Ebbehøj","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqq142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqq142","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We have previously shown that a multidimensional programme combining physical training, patient transfer techniques and stress management significantly reduced sickness absence rates in student nurse assistants (NAs) after 14 months of follow-up. At follow-up, the control group had reduced SF-36 scores for general health perception [general health (GH)], psychological well-being [mental health (MH)] and energy/fatigue [vitality (VT)] compared with the intervention group, which remained at the baseline level for all three measures.Aims: To ascertain whether this effect remained after a further 36 months of follow-up and to analyse the association of GH, MH and VT scores with sickness absence.Methods: This was a cluster randomized prospective study. The original study involved assessment at baseline and follow-up at 14 months (the duration of the student NA course). Of 568 subjects from the original intervention study, 306 (54%) completed a postal questionnaire at 36 months.Results: Sickness absence increased in both groups between the first and second follow-up. At the second follow-up, the intervention group had a mean of 18 days of sickness absence compared with 25 in the control group but this was not significant. GH at 14 months follow-up was found to predict sickness absence levels after 3 years. MH and VT scores showed an inverse association with sickness absence but the results were not significant.Conclusions: The results suggest that the initial intervention did not have a sustained effect on sickness absence 36 months after initial follow-up of the study group.","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"57-61"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/kqq142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40068328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

A prospective study of work stressors and the common cold. 工作压力源与普通感冒的前瞻性研究。

IF 5.1

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2010-09-10 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqq141

S-G Park, H-C Kim, J-Y Min, S H Hwang, Y-S Park, K-B Min

{"title":"A prospective study of work stressors and the common cold.","authors":"S-G Park, H-C Kim, J-Y Min, S H Hwang, Y-S Park, K-B Min","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqq141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqq141","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Psychological stress is a risk factor for infectious diseases. Although psychological stress at work is considered an important problem for many workers, there is little evidence for the effect of work-related stress on infectious diseases.Aims: To investigate whether work-related stress affected the occurrence of the common cold in South Korean workers in small- to medium-sized manufacturing companies.Methods: We conducted a prospective study, involving 1241 workers. At the outset, we collected information regarding sociodemographic and work characteristics. At follow-up after 6 months, we asked subjects whether they had experienced common cold symptoms during the preceding 4 months.Results: Male subjects experiencing stress at the outset were more likely to report having experienced the common cold at follow-up (odds ratios: high job demand group 1.74; 95% CI: 1.28-2.36; insufficient job control 1.42; 95% CI: 1.05-1.93; inadequate social support 1.40; 95% CI: 1.03-1.91). For females, no significant association between work stress and occurrence of the common cold was detected.Conclusions: Males experiencing work stress in job demand, job control and social support reported an increased occurrence of the common cold at follow-up but this association was not seen in females.","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"53-6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/kqq141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40062625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

The work environment, stress and well-being. 工作环境、压力和幸福感。

IF 5.1

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2010-12-01 Epub Date: 2010-09-15 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqq139

E J K Wadsworth, K S Chaplin, A P Smith

{"title":"The work environment, stress and well-being.","authors":"E J K Wadsworth, K S Chaplin, A P Smith","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqq139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqq139","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Much recent work extending the field of job characteristics to include positive aspects of work makes the implicit assumption that the absence of negative work characteristics is equivalent to the presence of positive work characteristics.Aims: To consider the effect sizes seen at different ends of job characteristic dimensions and to compare the impact of the presence and absence of job characteristics in association with mental health and well-being outcomes.Methods: Data from 8755 workers were analysed to compare the impacts of the presence or absence of job characteristics (job demand, extrinsic effort and social support) in associations with both positive (job satisfaction) and negative (work-related stress) outcome measures.Results: Comparable presence and absence impacts were apparent for extrinsic effort in association with work-related stress. However, in the association between job demand and work-related stress, the presence of high levels of job demand had a significantly greater impact than the absence of high levels of job demand; while in the association between social support and job satisfaction, the absence of high levels of social support had a significantly greater impact than the presence of high levels of social support.Conclusions: It is not always appropriate to assume that the absence of negative aspects of the work environment is equivalent to the presence of positive aspects.","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"635-9"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/kqq139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40070969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Musculoskeletal disorders among Irish farmers. 爱尔兰农民的肌肉骨骼疾病。

IF 5.1

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2010-12-01 Epub Date: 2010-09-15 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqq146

A Osborne, C Blake, J McNamara, D Meredith, J Phelan, C Cunningham

{"title":"Musculoskeletal disorders among Irish farmers.","authors":"A Osborne, C Blake, J McNamara, D Meredith, J Phelan, C Cunningham","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqq146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqq146","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Farming is an occupation that predisposes individuals to health problems including musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). There is limited research regarding MSDs among farmers especially in Ireland.Aims: To establish the prevalence of MSDs, identify the most commonly affected body regions and to explore what factors may influence the development of the most common MSDs among farmers in Ireland.Methods: A questionnaire survey of Irish farmers was conducted. The study sample comprised 600 farmers (100 farmers from each of the six main farm enterprise systems in Ireland).Results: Of the 600 farmers, 56% had experienced a MSD in the previous year. The most commonly experienced MSDs were back pain (37%) and neck/shoulder pain (25%). Other MSDs experienced in the previous year included knee pain (9%), hand-wrist-elbow pain (9%), ankle/foot pain (9%) and hip pain (8%). Overall, MSDs were more common in farmers working longer hours (P < 0.05). Back pain was more prevalent in full-time farmers (P < 0.05), while prevalence of hip pain was greater in farmers who were older (P < 0.01), full time (P < 0.05), farming for longer (P < 0.01) and working for longer hours (P < 0.01). Farm enterprise was not a factor in influencing the development of MSDs.Conclusions: These findings suggest that the number of hours worked by farmers, rather than enterprise specific tasks render farmers more susceptible to MSDs. Further investigation is needed to explore risk factors in the development of MSDs.","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"598-603"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/kqq146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40070968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 94

Allergic contact dermatitis due to a PVC table cover. 聚氯乙烯桌罩引起的过敏性接触性皮炎。

IF 5.1

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2010-12-01 Epub Date: 2010-09-15 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqq137

J C Salles, F J Deschamps

引用次数: 8

Comparison of various airflow measurements in symptomatic textile workers. 有症状纺织工人各种气流测量的比较。

IF 5.1

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2010-12-01 Epub Date: 2010-09-15 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqq135

D Fishwick, R Barraclough, T Pickering, A Fletcher, R Lewis, R Niven, C J Warburton

{"title":"Comparison of various airflow measurements in symptomatic textile workers.","authors":"D Fishwick, R Barraclough, T Pickering, A Fletcher, R Lewis, R Niven, C J Warburton","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqq135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqq135","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To investigate the poorly understood relationship between work-related respiratory symptoms, airway reactivity, across working shift change in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) and work-related changes in serial peak expiratory flow (sPEF) measures in a group of textile workers.Methods: Fifty-three workers, 34 exposed to cotton dust and 19 to man-made fibre (MMF), were investigated using a standard respiratory questionnaire, sPEF, across-shift FEV(1) measurement and airway responsiveness.Results: Thirty-four workers (64%) were male, and 9 workers (17%) had a >5% across-shift fall in FEV(1), and these falls were associated with the presence of work-related symptoms. Seven workers had a positive sPEF chart as judged by the software analysis (OASYS), although there was no relationship between work-related symptoms and sPEF. Six cotton workers (18%) and one MMF worker (5%) had airway hyperreactivity, which was associated strongly with work-related symptoms. Five of the 7 subjects with a positive sPEF had airway hyperreactivity compared with 12 of 46 with a negative sPEF.Conclusions: In this worker group, the presence of work-related respiratory symptoms was best associated with airway hyperresponsiveness and across-shift changes in FEV(1). While a positive sPEF chart was associated with increased airway responsiveness, it was not associated with work-related symptoms. sPEF measurements may not be the initial investigation of choice for such workers. As these findings also have relevance to developing evidence-based approaches to health surveillance, further work is needed to better define these relationships in other workers complaining of work-related respiratory symptoms.","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"631-4"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/kqq135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40070967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9