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Electroencephalography findings in patients with acute post coronary artery bypass graft encephalopathy. 急性冠状动脉搭桥术后脑病患者的脑电图表现。
IF 0.9
Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) Pub Date : 2014-10-01
Sadia Hanif, Shobhit Sinha, Khurram A Siddiqui
{"title":"Electroencephalography findings in patients with acute post coronary artery bypass graft encephalopathy.","authors":"Sadia Hanif,&nbsp;Shobhit Sinha,&nbsp;Khurram A Siddiqui","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the EEG findings associated with acute post coronary artery bypass graft encephalopathy (aPCE), and to study the demographics and neuroimaging findings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed the EEG in all patients with the diagnosis of PCE between February 2006 and December 2011.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 21 (20 males, and one female) patients with aPCE. The mean age (+/-SD) was 64 (+/-11.2) years. Thirteen patients had altered level of consciousness, and 8 presented with confusion out of which 3 had acute seizures. The EEG patterns observed were: a) generalized theta plus intermixed diffuse delta in 7 (33%); b) generalized theta with focal epileptiform discharges in 5 (24%); c) generalized triphasic pattern in 3 (14%); d) generalized theta with lateralized delta in 3 (14%); e) generalized theta with periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs), and bilateral synchronous periodic epileptiform discharges (BIPLEDs) in 2 (10%); and f) one patient (5%) with electrographic seizures. On EEG/neuroimaging correlation, the EEGs that showed generalized slowing and generalized triphasic patterns had no acute changes on imaging, while the EEGs that showed lateralized slowing, focal epileptiform discharges, electrographic seizures and PLEDs had fresh infarcts. Patients with BIPLEDs had unremarkable imaging.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The EEG features such as lateralized slowing, PLEDs, and electrographic seizure were associated with acute cerebral insults. An altered level of consciousness was the most common symptomatology in our cohort, and could possibly be related to hypoxic/toxic-metabolic etiology. Electrographic seizure detected by EEG may clinically present as aPCE.</p>","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"331-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4727676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32712515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Retinal phototransduction. 视网膜phototransduction。
IF 0.9
Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) Pub Date : 2014-10-01
Gurdeep S Mannu
{"title":"Retinal phototransduction.","authors":"Gurdeep S Mannu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vision is perhaps the most important of all our senses, and gives us an immense amount of information regarding the outside world. The initial format in which this information reaches the retina are photons; particles of energy radiation of a given wavelength emitted or reflected from our surroundings. The brain itself however, perceives information in electrical signals via action potentials and changes in electrochemical gradients. The processes involved in the transduction of photons into electrical potentials will be the focus of this article. This review article summarizes the recent advances in understanding these complex pathways and provides an overview of the main molecules involved in the neurobiology of vision. </p>","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"275-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4727664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32712066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dermatoglyphic features in patients with multiple sclerosis. 多发性硬化症患者的皮肤纹特征。
IF 0.9
Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) Pub Date : 2014-10-01
Vedat Sabanciogullari, Seyda Cevik, Kezban Karacan, Ertugrul Bolayir, Mehmet Cimen
{"title":"Dermatoglyphic features in patients with multiple sclerosis.","authors":"Vedat Sabanciogullari,&nbsp;Seyda Cevik,&nbsp;Kezban Karacan,&nbsp;Ertugrul Bolayir,&nbsp;Mehmet Cimen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine dermatoglyphic features to clarify implicated genetic predisposition in the etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted between January and December 2013 in the Departments of Anatomy, and Neurology, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey. The dermatoglyphic data of 61 patients, and a control group consisting of 62 healthy adults obtained with a digital scanner were transferred to a computer environment. The ImageJ program was used, and atd, dat, adt angles, a-b ridge count, sample types of all fingers, and ridge counts were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In both hands of the patients with MS, the a-b ridge count and ridge counts in all fingers increased, and the differences in these values were statistically significant. There was also a statistically significant increase in the dat angle in both hands of the MS patients. On the contrary, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of dermal ridge samples, and the most frequent sample in both groups was the ulnar loop.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Aberrations in the distribution of dermatoglyphic samples support the genetic predisposition in MS etiology. Multiple sclerosis susceptible individuals may be determined by analyzing dermatoglyphic samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"281-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4727665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32712067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spinal cord ischemia following cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injection. 颈椎经椎间孔硬膜外类固醇注射后脊髓缺血。
IF 0.9
Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) Pub Date : 2014-10-01
Tahir H Obeid, Mohamed A Gornas, Ayman A El-Mesallamy
{"title":"Spinal cord ischemia following cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injection.","authors":"Tahir H Obeid,&nbsp;Mohamed A Gornas,&nbsp;Ayman A El-Mesallamy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"326-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4727674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32712514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinical presentation and differential diagnosis of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. 兰伯特-伊顿肌无力综合征的临床表现与鉴别诊断。
IF 0.9
Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) Pub Date : 2013-04-01
Xiujuan Wu, Juan Wang, Ye Liu, Kangding Liu
{"title":"Clinical presentation and differential diagnosis of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome.","authors":"Xiujuan Wu,&nbsp;Juan Wang,&nbsp;Ye Liu,&nbsp;Kangding Liu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is frequently associated with malignancy, especially small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Here, we describe a patient with a 5-year history of cervical myelopathy who presented with recurrent limb weakness of her limbs and complained of recent progressive weakness. Following an examination that included electromyography, a chest CT scan, and a bronchofiberscopy examination with brushing biopsy, the patient was diagnosed with LEMS and SCLC. This case report highlights the ongoing need for clinicians to be observant for cases of LEMS, to consider both patient history and physical examination data, and to accurately obtain a differential diagnosis between LEMS and other diseases, which also cause weakness.</p>","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"169-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40240455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Idiopathic (primary) generalized epilepsy. Traditional versus new antiepileptic drugs. 特发性(原发性)全身性癫痫。传统抗癫痫药与新型抗癫痫药的对比。
IF 0.9
Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) Pub Date : 2013-04-01
Samira Yadegari, Parviz Bahrami
{"title":"Idiopathic (primary) generalized epilepsy. Traditional versus new antiepileptic drugs.","authors":"Samira Yadegari,&nbsp;Parviz Bahrami","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Idiopathic generalized epilepsies (IGE) are genetic based seizures with normal neurologic exam, intelligence, and imaging studies. Based on the age of onset and prominent seizure type, different syndromes were identified. The purpose of this study is to summarize the characteristics, prognosis, and choices of antiepileptic drugs (AED) in common syndromes of IGE. In addition, we review the updated role of new AEDs in specific syndromes of IGE. The first choice AED is usually valproate. Most drug trials on the effects of new AEDs compared them with placebo and not valproate. However, some of the broad spectrum new AEDs may be considered as the first choice in specific conditions. In true refractory patients, combination therapy and vagal nerve stimulation could be the next option. In the proper management of IGE, neurologists should consider the predominant seizure type, patient gender, co-morbidities, and antiepileptic drugs that may aggravate a specific seizure type.</p>","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"117-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40240549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Depression and anxiety in parents of children with epilepsy. Are fathers involved? 癫痫患儿家长的抑郁和焦虑。父亲们也参与其中吗?
IF 0.9
Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) Pub Date : 2013-04-01
Erum M Shariff, Shobhit Sinha, Sarah K Samman, Nahid K ElBakri, Khurram A Siddiqui, Adel A Mahmoud
{"title":"Depression and anxiety in parents of children with epilepsy. Are fathers involved?","authors":"Erum M Shariff,&nbsp;Shobhit Sinha,&nbsp;Sarah K Samman,&nbsp;Nahid K ElBakri,&nbsp;Khurram A Siddiqui,&nbsp;Adel A Mahmoud","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"183-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40240460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intracranial hydatid cyst. Clinical features and outcomes of surgical treatment of a series of 8 Iraqi cases. 颅内包虫囊肿。伊拉克8例手术治疗的临床特点及疗效分析。
IF 0.9
Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) Pub Date : 2013-04-01
Zaki N Hasan, Wissam J Sagban, Aqeel K Hatim, Mohammed A Assad
{"title":"Intracranial hydatid cyst. Clinical features and outcomes of surgical treatment of a series of 8 Iraqi cases.","authors":"Zaki N Hasan,&nbsp;Wissam J Sagban,&nbsp;Aqeel K Hatim,&nbsp;Mohammed A Assad","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"187-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40240462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The relationship between mean platelet volume and severity of acute ischemic brain stroke. 平均血小板体积与急性缺血性脑卒中严重程度的关系。
IF 0.9
Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) Pub Date : 2013-04-01
Farahnaz Ghahremanfard, Nabiollah Asghari, Raheb Ghorbani, Afshin Samaei, Hadi Ghomi, Mohamadreza Tamadon
{"title":"The relationship between mean platelet volume and severity of acute ischemic brain stroke.","authors":"Farahnaz Ghahremanfard,&nbsp;Nabiollah Asghari,&nbsp;Raheb Ghorbani,&nbsp;Afshin Samaei,&nbsp;Hadi Ghomi,&nbsp;Mohamadreza Tamadon","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether an association exists between mean platelet volume (MPV) and severity of acute ischemic stroke. Also, to investigate the power of MPV for discriminating more severe ischemic stroke from mild events.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We divided 100 patients with first ischemic stroke presenting to the Neurology Department, Fatemieh Hospital, Semnan, Iran between January 2010 and January 2011 into 2 groups based on Rankin score (group 1: score 0-2, and group 2: score 3 or more). Blood samples were taken to measure MPV. Severity of ischemic stroke was assessed by the Modified Rankin scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MPV value was higher and more significant in group 2 than group 1 (9.36+/-0.95 versus 8.55+/-0.65, p<0.001). Also, the mean platelet count was significantly lower in group 2 (238.8+/-89.2 versus 283.7+/-59.2, p=0.020). After controlling for the risk profile associated with ischemic stroke in the multivariate logistic regression model, the effect of MPV in ischemic stroke remained statistically significant (p=0.012). The area under the ROC curve was 0.77, indicating the high discriminative value of MPV for predicting severe ischemic stroke based on Rankin score >/= 3 from mild stroke.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MPV is associated with ischemic stroke severity and has a high value for discriminating severe from mild ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"147-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40240555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ineffectiveness of topiramate and levetiracetam in infantile spasms non-responsive to steroids. Open labeled randomized prospective study. 托吡酯和左乙拉西坦治疗对类固醇无反应的婴儿痉挛无效。开放标签随机前瞻性研究。
IF 0.9
Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) Pub Date : 2013-04-01
Adel A Mahmoud, Tamer M Rizk, Ahmed A Mansy, Jaffar A Ali, Mohamad A Al-Tannir
{"title":"Ineffectiveness of topiramate and levetiracetam in infantile spasms non-responsive to steroids. Open labeled randomized prospective study.","authors":"Adel A Mahmoud,&nbsp;Tamer M Rizk,&nbsp;Ahmed A Mansy,&nbsp;Jaffar A Ali,&nbsp;Mohamad A Al-Tannir","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the effectiveness of 2 novel antiepileptic drugs, topiramate and levetiracetam, as a second line treatment for infantile spasm when oral steroids fail.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty infants under 2 years with clinically- and EEG-proven infantile spasms that did not respond to prednisone (2mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses) were recruited and randomized into 2 groups. They were randomly assigned to either topiramate (group 1; 1mg/kg/day for 3 days then increased by 1mg/kg/day every third day up to 6mg/kg/day) or levetiracetam (group 2; 10mg/kg/day for 5 days and then increased by 10mg/kg/day every 5 days up to 60mg/kg/day). The study was conducted in the Pediatric Neurology Department at the National Neuroscience Institute of King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between January 2008 and December 2010.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 20 patients included in the final data analysis, 11 (55%) were administered topiramate and 9 (45%) levetiracetam. Eighteen patients did not respond to the first drug, and subsequently to the other drug when crossed-over. Two patients with infantile spasm responded to either one drug without crossover. Their EEGs improved with time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study demonstrated the ineffectiveness of topiramate and levetiracetam suggesting current treatment modalities are grossly inadequate underscoring the urgent need for more research efforts to overcome current deficiencies. Two patients with cryptogenic infantile spasm responded to treatment suggesting the potential for treatment of such patients with these 2 drugs, and merits further multicenter investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"143-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40240554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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